A detailed introduction to the history of the United States in the 18th century

Colonial Era

At the beginning of the seventeenth century, Britain began to colonize North America. The initial immigrants to North America were mainly farmers who had lost their land, workers with hard lives, and Puritans who suffered religious persecution. In 1620, they took the Mayflower to North America and formulated the Mayflower Convention on the ship. Disembarking in Plymouth on November 21, the Pilgrims and 41 free adult men signed a pledge to abide by the Mayflower Compact. The contents include organizing citizen groups; drafting regulations, etc. Laying the foundations of self-government. In the colonial era, along with the long-term wars with the native Indians of North America, the severe labor shortage produced unfree labor such as slaves and indentured servitude. The British government's laissez-faire policy allowed the unique American spirit and culture to survive. develop its uniqueness. The evil slave trade became prevalent in the United States. From 1607 to 1733, British colonists established thirteen colonies on the east coast of North America (Atlantic coast). Because first, British immigrants immigrated to North America in pursuit of freedom and wealth, such as the persecuted Puritans and poor peasants. 2. Local governments enjoy autonomy. 3. Colonial residents had more opportunities and rights to participate in politics than the British, and developed the consciousness and ability of self-government. Therefore, they believed that in the social contract, the government was formed only when the people needed protection and had the support of the people. In the mid-eighteenth century, the economy, culture, and politics of the colonies were relatively mature. The colonial parliaments still believed in King George III. However, they pursued the same status as the British Parliament and did not want to become second-class citizens of the United Kingdom. However, at this time, the British and French seven After the war ended in 1998, the British were eager to consolidate their territory, so they levied heavy rent taxes on the people of the North American colonies and King George III changed his laissez-faire policy and advocated high-pressure measures. This led to the rebellion of the colonial people, such as the "No Taxation Without Representation" declaration, the "Boston Massacre", the "Intolerable Act", etc. The "Lexington Guns" fired at Lexington and Concord in April 1775 marked the beginning of the American Revolution. Later, these colonies became the original thirteen independent states in North America.

Edit this paragraph: The Independence Movement

In the mid-18th century, Britain signed the Declaration of Independence

There was a rift between the American colonies and Britain. The expansion of the colonies gave them some consciousness of the persecution by the British, and they had the idea of ??independence. In 1774, representatives from 12 states gathered in Philadelphia to convene the so-called First Continental Congress, hoping to find a reasonable solution. However, the British King insisted that the colonies must unconditionally surrender to the British King and accept punishment. In 1775, war broke out in Massachusetts. In May, the Second Continental Congress was convened to strengthen its determination for war and independence. It drafted the famous Declaration of Independence and provided sufficient reasons to fight this war. This was also the key to final victory. On July 4, 1776, George Washington issued the "Declaration of Independence", declaring the independence of the United States and its complete separation from the United Kingdom. The purpose was to "survive, seek freedom, and seek happiness" and realize the ideals of the Enlightenment. In 1781, the U.S. military won a decisive victory. In 1783, the United States and Britain signed the Treaty of Paris, ending the War of Independence. This also fully demonstrates the courage and wisdom of the American people in the face of colonial rule.

Edit this paragraph to form a new government

The success of the revolution gave the American people the opportunity to express their political ideas in the form of legislation. In 1787, a federal convention was held in Philadelphia, in which Washington was elected president. They adopted the principle that the central power was general, but must be carefully specified and explained. At the same time, they also accepted the fact that That is, the national government must have the power to tax, mint currency, regulate commerce, declare war, and conclude treaties. In addition, in order to prevent the central power from being too powerful, Montesquieu's equalitarian political theory is adopted, that is, three equal powers are set up in the government. The departments of cooperation and checks and balances, that is, the three powers of legislation, administration, and justice coordinate with each other and provide checks and balances without allowing any one power to take control.