[Did you find a good job after graduation? I wish my son a good job after graduation.

For graduates, the greatest blessing is to find a good job. But the reality is that in recent years, the voice of college students' employment difficulties is getting louder and louder-with the expansion of colleges and universities, the number of graduates has increased year by year, but the employment rate has decreased year by year. The emergence of such phenomena as "employment before choosing a job", "graduate salary diving" or even "zero-wage employment" and "waiting for work to eat the elderly" is a silhouette of the grim employment situation. In 2007, the number of graduates nationwide reached 4.95 million, a record high. What is their employment situation? How do you feel after taking office? What about "salary"

This magazine lasted for half a year, and investigated the employment situation of 1T graduates in 2006 and 2007 through paper questionnaires and online questionnaires. The respondents covered 22 provinces/municipalities directly under the Central Government, distributed 2,000 paper questionnaires (excluding online questionnaires), and collected 983 valid questionnaires. At the same time, the respondents were selected by sampling for face-to-face interviews. We will present the employment situation of IT college students in 2007 to readers through the data obtained from the survey.

2007: The employment situation is not optimistic.

According to the data released by the Ministry of Education, there will be more than 5.5 million college graduates nationwide in 2008, 550,000 more than in 2007. At the "2008 Social Blue Book Release and China Social Situation Report" held by China Academy of Social Sciences on June 38+10/October 3 this year, Li Peilin, editor-in-chief of the Blue Book and director of the Institute of Sociology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that in 2007, among the nearly 5 million college graduates in China, more than 6,543,800,000 were still unemployed. The employment problem of college students is still grim.

As for the time for graduates to find jobs, the survey results show that only 43.63% of college students found jobs before graduation and 44.87% of the respondents found jobs after graduation. Up to this survey, 65438+February 3 1, and in 2007, 1 1.50% of college students did not find a job. This set of data also shows to some extent that with the expansion of colleges and universities in recent years, the contradiction between more and more graduates and relatively few jobs is still outstanding.

Job fairs are still the main way of employment.

Facing the severe employment situation, college students are also actively trying to achieve employment through various channels. This survey shows that job fairs are still the most important way for college students to find jobs, and 43.438+0% of college students find jobs by attending job fairs. College students who find jobs through online recruitment account for 15. 15% of the total number of respondents, which shows that online recruitment has gradually become an important way for college students to find jobs. In addition, 13.87% of the respondents said that they found jobs through family and social connections, and college graduates found jobs through school recommendation accounted for 10.35% of the total respondents. This also shows that a considerable number of college students use relatives, friends and teachers to find jobs.

More than 30% of college students submitted more than 10 resumes.

As for the number of resumes submitted during job hunting, only 27.32% of college students said that they submitted less than three resumes, 40.55% of the respondents submitted 4- 10 resumes, while 32. 12% of the respondents submitted more than 10 resumes during job hunting. Faced with the severe employment situation, many college students think that the success of employment should first attract the "eyeball" of the recruiting unit, so many college students choose to print their resumes in color. A resume is produced, with a gorgeous ten yuan and a simple five or six yuan. Counting up, just making a resume will cost college students as little as tens of yuan and as much as hundreds of yuan. Through this set of data, we can easily understand why the words "college students spend a lot of money to find jobs" frequently appear in major newspapers and websites.

Employment discrimination is still serious.

Employment discrimination has always been a topic of concern to everyone. Many job seekers will encounter employment discrimination when looking for a job, from age, gender and household registration to appearance, height, weight, illness, and even blood type and zodiac sign. The Employment Promotion Law, which came into effect this year, clearly stipulates that employers shall not discriminate against women, ethnic minorities, disabled people, carriers of infectious diseases and rural workers who are employed in cities, except for posts prohibited by national laws and regulations. However, this survey shows that this problem still exists-for graduates, the most common is empirical discrimination: 37.36% of the respondents said they had experienced empirical discrimination. In addition, there are academic discrimination (20.85%) and gender discrimination (14.58%). Among the female respondents, the proportion who have experienced gender discrimination reached 23.50%.

More than half of people think that the employment situation of people around them is not good.

Another noteworthy data is that 56.52% people think that their classmates' employment situation is not good. This data not only shows that the employment competition of college students is becoming increasingly fierce, and it is becoming more and more difficult for graduates to find "good jobs", but also shows the mentality that some graduates have too high employment expectations to some extent, which also affects the employment of college students to some extent. In addition, some college students are bent on finding jobs in big cities and central cities, thinking that going to suburban counties and rural areas is "a bad employment situation", which invisibly increases the difficulty of college students' employment.

IT graduates dictate.

Zhang Qing, graduated in 2007. Four years ago, he heard that computer major was a hot topic. I am worried that I can't find a job after graduation, and my salary is not bad after work. He did not hesitate to fill in the computer major on the volunteer form. But when he arrived at the university, he found that there was a gap between ideal and reality: "What I studied at the university was basically theoretical knowledge in books, and the school rarely arranged practical content for us. I'm not interested in many courses, and I often sleep and skip classes. Four years later, many of my textbooks are new and there is not a word on them. "

Half a year before graduation and during this period after graduation, Zhang Qing also attended more than a dozen job fairs, large and small, and submitted dozens of resumes, but still failed to find a suitable job. He also went to a company as an intern, but he couldn't become a regular employee because he couldn't adapt to the job requirements.

Zhang Qing said, "The employment situation of some of my classmates is not very good either. In addition to some students with good academic performance, they entered IT companies, some entered the electronic city to sell computer hardware, some entered the factory, and some went to the housing agency to sell houses. Many of them have left their majors. " Two other students, like him, are still sticking to the "IT dream", so they have been "wandering", renting a small house in the city and living an embarrassing life with the support of their parents. "I really don't know when I can find a suitable job." Zhang Qing finally said helplessly.

What is the salary situation after graduation?

It is the dream of many college students to enter the lT industry after graduation. The reason is that, in addition to the social recognition of the white-collar status of IT people, "good treatment" is also a very important factor. In the eyes of many people, "IT" is synonymous with "high salary". So, can IT students really enter the IT industry after graduation? Is entering the IT industry equal to stepping into the threshold of high salary? What about their "salary"

This "Survey on the Employment Situation of IT College Students" makes a detailed survey on the salary of IT major students after graduation, which may present a surprising, predictable but still unbelievable result.

"Salary Status": the starting salary is less than half of 1500 yuan.

Every graduate will pay more attention to his salary level when applying for a job, and IT college students are no exception. According to the survey data, 14. 10% IT college students are most concerned about salary and welfare when choosing jobs. However, the current data shows that the starting salary of IT college students is not optimistic. Among them, 5.4 1% people have no salary when they first joined the company, 45.22% people have a starting salary below 1500 yuan, 33.37% people have a starting salary between1500-2,500 yuan, and only 16.00% IT graduates have a starting salary. This result is somewhat different from people's guesses and expectations of 1T college students.

Of course, the starting salary is not an absolute standard to measure the salary level. After working for a period of time, wages will also change in different degrees. The data shows that among the IT graduates in 2006 and 2007, 35.59% currently earn more than 2,500 yuan, of which 18.40% earn more than 3,500 yuan. But at present, there are still 26.85% people whose income is lower than 1500 yuan.

Mood: Most people are basically satisfied with their current jobs.

Although I majored in IT, not every IT college student will be engaged in the IT industry. The survey results show that the proportion of people engaged in IT industry after graduation is 69.40%, of which more than half (54.49%) are engaged in software/service industry, 10.70% are engaged in internet industry and 9.96% are engaged in hardware industry. Among IT college students who are engaged in non-IT jobs after graduation, 17.88% are engaged in business services, 16.20% are engaged in machinery/manufacturing, and1.17% are engaged in administrative institutions. In the process of data statistics, we found that most IT graduates choose to work in foreign-funded enterprises, joint ventures and private enterprises, accounting for about 68. 12%. These IT graduates are engaged in scattered jobs, accounting for 25.86% in programming, 5.42% in marketing, 2.46% in testing, 0.44% in research and development, 9.96% in administration and 6.64% in network management and training.

Although engaged in different industries and employment fields, IT graduates are generally satisfied with their current jobs. 64.69% people are basically satisfied with their current jobs, 1 1.77% people are very satisfied, 18.29% people are not very satisfied, and only 5.26% people are very dissatisfied.

Nearly 30% of people have plans to change jobs in the next year.

Facing the fierce competition in the IT industry, the industry will face a new round of challenges. Employers in the IT industry will also face challenges and impacts brought by human resources problems. The challenge of different companies, different positions and the temptation of salary competitiveness will greatly affect the stay of some employees. IT graduates are hard to adapt to the rhythm of lT industry quickly because they just started to work, and their working mentality is still unstable, and their self-positioning is still unclear, so they are prone to the idea of job-hopping.

In this survey, 28.89% of the respondents indicated that they have plans to change jobs in the next year, and the main reason for changing jobs is that there is no development prospect, accounting for about 42.29%; Secondly, the salary and welfare benefits are not good, accounting for about 25.33%; 9.92% people feel that the nature of work is not suitable, so they plan to change jobs. Some interviewees said that the lack of humanized management and sense of belonging is also the reason for job-hopping.

Compared with those who are ready to jump ship, some IT graduates have taken action. According to the data, 39.72% of IT college students jumped ship after graduation, of which 14. 14% jumped ship twice or more.

Among the reasons for job-hopping, only 3.46% of IT college students quit because of their bad relationship with their superiors and colleagues. Most people get along well with company leaders and colleagues, 38.22% say they get along well, 55.22% say they get along well, 5.04% think it's not good, 1.52% think interpersonal tension is not good.

Oral clips of interviewed IT graduates:

Liu Ning graduated from a well-known university majoring in computer science. When looking for a job, he expects the salary of the job to be more than 4000 yuan, and he will not consider it if it is lower. He said: "I think my estimate is quite reasonable. Being admitted to such a well-known school and popular major shows my ability. After training here, I should have corresponding market value. Maybe many people think this expectation is too high, but I think it is proportional to my diploma. I believe that employers will have their own judgments. " Liu Yu also said that many well-paid state-owned enterprises go to schools to recruit people, but the reason is that the salary of about 2,000 yuan in state-owned enterprises makes students feel low, which is not as attractive as it foreign companies and private enterprises. At present, Zhao Ning works in a well-known IT foreign company with a monthly salary of more than 5,000 yuan. Compared with Zhao Ning's self-confidence, Morphy, who graduated from the Computer Department of Teachers College, seems a little low-key. She said, "My initial expectation was a monthly salary of15,000 yuan." According to Morphy, although the current salary of 1.500 is not high, he still has no worries about living in the local area, and his company has development and benefits. Generally speaking, the "salary situation" is good.

Career development opportunities are the primary criteria when choosing a job.

According to the survey data, 36.32% of the respondents value career development opportunities most, 18.80% value training and ability improvement most, 17.84% value whether the company has a fair and open environment most, and 14.00% value salary and benefits most, ranking fourth.

Judging from the survey results, few people will quit just because the salary of a company is higher. At present, college students begin to pay rational attention to career development with a long-term strategic vision, and whether there are good career development opportunities has become the primary criterion for college students to choose jobs. Everyone understands that wages are temporary, development is lifelong and development is the last word.

Candidates value career development opportunities most, and what qualities do enterprises value most when recruiting talents? Through this survey, we know that 33.69% of the respondents think that the technical ability is the most important in their work units, 22. 10% think that the foreign language ability is the most important in their work units, followed by learning ability and communication ability, accounting for 12.77% and 12.02% respectively, and 8.37% think that enterprises recruit.

Future career planning: More than 30% people want to be managers, and nearly 30% want to start a business.

The concept of career planning is well known by more and more people, and many schools also offer relevant training and education courses. In fact, it is a directional plan for college students to choose their major before entering school. When you graduate, you should combine your own situation, establish your career direction and goals as soon as possible, and choose your career path.

Through this survey, we found that more than 80% people have a clear plan for their future career, and only 12.50% people don't know what they should do in the future. Moreover, most people hope to enter the management in the future, and 3 1.3 1% of the respondents hope to become managers or project managers in the future. In addition, through this survey, we found that the proportion of people with entrepreneurial dreams is also quite high. The number of people who expect to start a business in the future and own their own businesses reaches 29.09%, while only 6.60% have already started a business, indicating that most people with entrepreneurial dreams fail to start a business for various reasons.

In addition, 18.69% people want to be experts in this field, 6.89% people plan to study abroad in the future, and 1.52% people choose expert type.

About half of them signed formal labor contracts.

Establish labor relations according to China's labor contract law. A written labor contract shall be concluded. However, in reality, there are still many enterprises that have not signed formal labor contracts with employees. Small and medium-sized enterprises, in particular, have become the "hardest hit areas" for the implementation of labor contracts.

Through this survey, we found that about half (50.52%) of the college graduates who participated in the survey signed formal labor contracts, 17.89% did not sign contracts during the probation period, 16.84% were regular employees but did not sign contracts, 9.52% only signed probation contracts, and 5.23% were others. Visible. A considerable number of enterprises have not signed formal labor contracts with employees.

The Labor Contract Law clearly stipulates the length of the probation period: if the term of the labor contract is more than three months but less than one year, the probation period shall not exceed one month; If the term of the labor contract is more than one year but less than three years, the probation period shall not exceed two months; The probation period of a labor contract with a fixed term of more than three years or without a fixed term shall not exceed six months.

According to the survey data, 17% of the respondents have no probation period; The probation period is three months, accounting for 60.07%; The probation period is six months, accounting for16.07%; 6.87% chose other time limits.

Oral fragments of interviewed IT graduates

When I graduated from college, I was excellent in all aspects and won various scholarships many times. The first job he planned for himself was a top 500 enterprise, with an annual salary of more than 60 thousand and a good career development prospect. "When recruiting on campus, first, a large state-owned enterprise took a fancy to me, with good welfare and many development opportunities, but I don't think it is the top 500. I didn't accept the offer, and regarded it as training. Later, I participated in two interviews with the top 500 companies and was defeated ... "Since then, several units have extended olive branches to him, but the salary is either too low or the scale is too small, which is far from his goal. Near graduation, Xiao Bi was a little impatient, so he had to "piss himself off" and casually found a company he didn't like to work for. Seeing this "condescending" mentality, he jumped ship in less than half a year. The next year, "I became a' flea family' and changed three or four units. Now I don't even know which direction to go ... "

Compared with Xiao Bi, Tang Li, who is also studying software engineering, is much smoother. When he graduated last year, Li Tang was also vacillating between two opportunities ―― one was a large state-owned enterprise with low salary and a bit of a different place, but its development prospects were good; The other company is small, and its salary is nearly 1000 yuan higher than the previous one, but its future is uncertain. After some hesitation, Li Tang finally went to that large state-owned enterprise. So far, Li Tang feels in a good mood.

Less than 7% started their own businesses after graduation.

Among the IT university graduates surveyed, 6.60% chose to start a business. Among these IT college entrepreneurs, 54.30% are IT entrepreneurs. Among these companies, 53.60% have a registered capital of less than 654.38 million yuan. 28.60% is10-500,000 yuan. 17.80% is more than 500,000 yuan. In terms of the number of employees, 42.70% of enterprises have less than 10, 43.90% have 10 ~ 50, and only 13.40% have more than 50 employees. From this set of data, we can easily see that half of the enterprises are in a small workshop-style state.

Among the respondents, some IT companies don't have their own products. The only "product" of some enterprises is the PPT or creative scheme that the CEO talks about everywhere. Such a company has only one CEO or several part-time employees. However, these CEOs are very passionate, full of confidence in the future, and especially willing to participate in various exchange activities, frequently appearing in various media to express their views and opinions on the industry. All kinds of venture capital clubs or venture capital funds can generally see their vigorous figures.

The annual turnover of 40% start-ups is below 654.38+10,000 yuan.

From the perspective of annual turnover, 42.20% of start-ups are below 6,543,800 yuan, 33.70% are between 6,543,800-500,000 yuan, and only 2,465,438+00% exceed 500,000 yuan. Only 39.80% entrepreneurs have enjoyed the preferential policies of the government to encourage college students to start their own businesses. Among the IT college students interviewed who didn't enjoy the preferential treatment for starting a business, there are mainly the following situations: they don't understand the preferential policies of the state for fresh college students at all; Know a little, but don't know how to go through the relevant procedures; After knowing this policy, I missed the time to enjoy the entrepreneurial preferential treatment.

Some people are at a loss about the national or local laws and regulations related to entrepreneurship, such as the 2003 Notice on the Charge Policy for Graduates of Colleges and Universities to Engage in Self-employment, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Venture Capital Enterprises and the new Company Law, and some even say that they have never heard of it. For IT college students who start businesses in non-IT industries, some people choose to start businesses in other industries because they don't know the state's support policies for the information industry. From a series of interviews, IT can be seen that IT college students know little about some industrial policies and economic environment that are very conducive to their own entrepreneurship, or only know one of them, and their grasp of their own entrepreneurial environment is very unsystematic. This invisibly increases their risk of starting a business and increases the probability of failure.

The expected profit target is higher.

In the expected profit time of established enterprises, 38.60% of the entrepreneurs interviewed answered "1 year", 49.40% answered "1-3 years" and only 12.00% answered "more than 3 years". This set of data fully reflects that IT college students have high expectations for entrepreneurship. When asked, "What are your plans if you don't reach the expected profit target?" Only a few people can elaborate on the plan that failed to achieve the goal, and most people are still expressionless and at a loss. Some people even asked, "Is this possible?" . Most of these respondents are unprepared for the prediction and tolerance of entrepreneurial risks.

In fact, in the eyes of outsiders, the IT industry has an impression that it is easier to start a business than other industries ―― a few young people, a good idea, a venture capital, and an overnight listing, which finally produced countless rich people. The reason why the public has this illusion is influenced by the myth that a few young talents start businesses in the IT industry to get rich. From the results of this survey, we can also see that although the IT industry is full of opportunities in the "fast", the repetition of myths is not a common phenomenon. Many IT companies went out of business in less than a year.

In the process of IT industry gradually maturing and information technology popularizing, the opportunities for IT entrepreneurship are almost the same as other industries. However, the IT industry has the ability to integrate other markets, and it is full of opportunities in the process of resource integration. The key is to seize it and quickly transform it into its own core competitiveness. Among the entrepreneurs interviewed, they are full of passion and ambitious goals. Who laughs last depends on whether these pioneers have lasting passion. As Ma Yun said. "Only lasting passion can create value".

Oral fragments of interviewed IT graduates

On the phone, you will be infected by Xiao Bo's passion. He can tell you a lot about his company, his products and his ideas. After meeting, he received us very efficiently. When asked about his business, he looked a little gloomy and was called "an unforgettable lesson" by him. During the first business negotiation, a foreign trade company wanted to ask them to make a set of management software. When talking about the price, I thought I offered a lower price, but the other party immediately gave me a 50% discount. "At that time, I was stupid. Because I expected a 20% discount at most, I didn't expect the other party to keep the price so low. Finally, I had to make a concession and accept their price. " The market is cruel, and this project has no profit. The more painful is yet to come. After a logistics project is completed, the company will lose at least 60% of the cost. Before the reporter's deadline, he had already cancelled the company and returned to his hometown, but he was still passionate on the phone.

(The main participants in this survey are Zhou Zhitao, Quejingjing, Qin Yan, Wang Jia, Li Dan, Wang Fei, Wang Xinghui and Zhao Jinling. The authors of this report are Zhou Zhitao, Quejingjing, Wang Fei and Li Dan. Special thanks: Department of Business Administration, Department of Information Technology and Enterprise Management, Neusoft Institute of Information, Northeastern University, Dalian Tian)