Zhangshu information is urgent! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Tree Pinyin: zhāng shù Scientific name: Cinnamomum camphora. Category: Dicotyledonous plants of angiosperms in the plant kingdom Cinnamomum camphora alias: Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora, Cinnamomum camphora (approved in the State Council on August 4th 1999) Cinnamomum camphora is produced in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Jinhua, Wuxi, Jiangsu, Nanchang, Shangrao, Jingdezhen, Maanshan, Anqing, Changsha, Hubei, Ezhou. Morphological characteristics of Cinnamomum camphora for 30 years Cinnamomum camphora is an evergreen tree of Lauraceae. As high as 50 meters and hundreds of years old, it is a towering old tree and an excellent landscaping tree. Bark is green and smooth when it is young; It gradually becomes yellowish brown or grayish brown longitudinal crack when it is old. Winter buds are oval. The leaves are thin leathery, ovoid or elliptic-ovoid, 5 5- 10/0cm long and 3.5-5.5cm wide, with short tip or near tail tip, rounded base, three veins from the base, the first or second pair of lateral veins near the base are long and protruding, the back is slightly covered with white powder, and there are glandular points in the axils of the veins. Yellow-green flowers, spring flowers, axillary panicles, small and numerous. Spherical fruit is dark purple when it matures, with a diameter of about 0.5 cm; The flowering period is from April to May, and the fruiting period is10-165438+10. The taupe bark has fine longitudinal cracks in the deep groove. The whole camphor tree has a fragrance similar to camphor, which can repel insects and will never disappear. The leaves are alternate, papery or thin leathery, and the trunk has obvious longitudinal crack, which is very easy to identify. It is said that it is of great significance because there are many lines on camphor wood. So add a wooden character next to the word "Zhang" as the name of the tree. Camphor tree is an evergreen tree. Its evergreen is not deciduous, but after the new leaves grow in spring, the old leaves began to fall off last year, so it presents a scene full of green all year round ... Cinnamomum camphora's florets are very unique, with 6 flowers on the periphery that are difficult to distinguish between calyx or petals, 9 stamens in the center, and every 3 flowers are arranged in 1 round. Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests. Powdery mildew: This disease mostly occurs in nursery seedlings. In the environment of high temperature and high humidity, the seedlings are too dense. It is most likely to happen in poor ventilation. Gray-brown spots appeared near the main vein on the back of tender leaves, and then spread all over the back of leaves, with a layer of white powder, and there were also white powder on serious tender branches and stems. Prevention and control method: 1. Nursery should always pay attention to environmental sanitation and properly sparse seedlings; Or if a few diseased plants are found, they should be pulled out or burned immediately. 2. When it happens, spray the lime-sulfur mixture with Baume of 0.3-0.5 degrees every 10 for three or four times continuously. Second, it is easy to happen when the seeds of Cinnamomum nigrum germinate and grow 1-4 leaves. From the tip of the seedling to the root, it turned dark brown and died. Prevention and control methods Disinfect seeds, soil and mulch when sowing. When the disease occurs, the burned seedlings should be pulled out first and sprayed with 0.5% potassium permanganate or formalin for two or three times to prevent the spread. Third, the camphor sawfly occurs for many generations a year, and the damage period is long. 1 year-old seedlings were seriously damaged and died. After afforestation, the young leaves in the upper part of the crown are often eaten up, which seriously affects the growth of trees. Control method: 0.5 kg of Flos rhododendri mollis or tripterygium wilfordii powder can be added with 75- 100 kg of clear water to make liquid medicine spray seedlings, or spray 2000 times of 90% trichlorfon or 50% marathon emulsion. Four, camphor leaf roller moth occurs several generations a year, and its larvae gnaw at branches, which affects the height growth of camphor tree and leads to the bending of trunk. Control method: After the new shoots of Cinnamomum camphora are extracted in June and March, the first generation larvae are sprayed with 90% trichlorfon, 50% Nale EC and 50% Marathon EC 10000 times, every 5 days 1 time, for 2 or 3 times in a row, which can kill the larvae. 40% dimethoate emulsion can also be sprayed 200-300 times if the larvae have eaten the new buds. 2. Nursery or small forest land can be collected and burned in winter to eliminate overwintering pupae. Five, Cinnamomum camphora is generally harmful to camphor tree seedlings and young trees under 20 years old. There are two generations in a year. The damage period of the first generation larvae is from the end of May to the middle of July. The second generation larvae were destroyed in August-September. Larvae gather in groups on the new shoots to feed on leaf buds, and spin silk to roll up the residual leaves and wrap the terminal buds, so that the new shoots die, or even the whole plant dies. Control method: 1. When the larvae just start to move and have not yet formed a net nest, 90% trichlorfon can be killed by spraying 4000-50000 times of liquid. 2. If the larva has formed a net nest, it is best to plant it and burn it. Vi. Anoplophora camphor tree 1, during the spawning period of adults (from early May to early June), use lead wire to brush the spawning marks, puncture the eggs or newly hatched larvae. 2. Manually cut off the injured branches, and then inject dichlorvos and other drugs through the drainage holes to kill the larvae. Seven, aphids aphids mostly occur in spring, which mainly harms young leaves and sucks juice, leading to irregular shrinkage, curling, discoloration, shedding, and even the whole plant withers and dies. At the same time, aphids secrete a lot of dense dew, which pollutes branches and leaves and induces bituminous coal disease. When a large number of aphids are found, they should be sprayed in time for control. The specific measures are as follows: ① Prepare tobacco leaves with the ratio of 1: 15, soak them for 4 hours and then spray them, or prepare pepper water with the ratio of 1:6-8 (boiling for about half an hour), or prepare washing powder water with the ratio of 1:20-30 for spraying. ② The early incubation period of aphids in spring (April and May) is the best time to control aphids. At this time, use 40% omethoate emulsion 1000 times, or 50% marathon emulsion 1000 times, or 50% chlorfenapyr emulsion 1000 times, or 50% Liu Xinlin emulsion 60 times. ③ When applying any medicine, add 0.3% soapy water or washing powder to Myzus persicae and cover it with wax powder to increase the adhesion and improve the control effect. This species is an important timber and special economic tree species in subtropical area (southwest of China). Camphor and camphor oil can be extracted from roots, trees, branches and leaves. The main components of oil are camphor, terpenoid bicyclic hydrocarbons, camphene, limonene and eugenol. Camphor is used in medicine, plastics, explosives, antisepsis and pesticides, and camphor oil can be used as raw materials for pesticides, mineral processing, soap making, fake paint and essence. Wood is of high quality, pest-resistant, waterproof and moisture-proof, and can be used in construction, shipbuilding, furniture, cabinets, sheets, sculpture and so on. Dense branches and beautiful trees can be used as green street trees and windbreaks. The wood of camphor tree is antiseptic, insect-proof, dense and fragrant. It is a good material for making furniture and sculptures; Besides being used for extracting camphor, or being cultivated as street trees and landscape trees, camphor also has the effects of strengthening the heart, relieving fever and killing insects. If you go outdoors in summer, you can try: pick the leaves of camphor tree, crush them and apply them on the surfaces of hands and feet, which has the effect of preventing mosquitoes. Scientific research has proved that chemical substances such as terpinebicyclic hydrocarbon, camphene, limonene and eugenol emitted by camphor tree have the ability to purify toxic air, prevent cancer and filter out fresh and clean air, which makes people feel refreshed. Living in an environment with camphor trees for a long time will avoid suffering from many incurable diseases. Therefore, Cinnamomum camphora has become the first choice for landscaping in many cities and regions in the south, and is favored by the landscaping industry. Accustomed to camphor trees like light, slightly resistant to shade; I like warm and humid climate, and my cold tolerance is not strong. I don't have strict requirements on soil, and I am more resistant to water and humidity. But when transplanting, I should pay attention to keep the soil moisture. Waterlogged water will easily lead to root rot and death due to lack of oxygen, but I am not tolerant of drought, barren and saline-alkali soil. The taproot is developed and deep, and can resist wind. Strong germination and pruning resistance. The growth rate is moderate, and the tree shape is huge like an umbrella, which can provide shade and keep out the cold. It has a long survival period, can grow into a towering ancient tree for hundreds of years, and has a strong ability to smoke and dust, conserve water, fix soil and prevent sand, and beautify the environment. In addition, it can resist tidal wind, smoke and toxic gases, and can absorb a variety of toxic gases, which is more suitable for urban environment. Garden application This tree species has dense branches and leaves, large crown, strong shade and magnificent posture. It can eliminate smoke and dust, keep water, fix soil and prevent sand, and beautify the environment. It is an excellent tree species for urban greening and is widely used as shade trees, street trees, shelter forests and scenic forests. Chi Pan, waterside, hillside and other places. Cluster planting, group planting, solitary planting or as a grassland background tree. Even Soong Ching Ling's former residence has two trees! Other wood using camphor tree is antiseptic, insect-proof, dense and fragrant. It is a good material for making furniture and sculptures; Besides being used for extracting camphor, or being cultivated as street trees and landscape trees, camphor also has the effects of strengthening the heart, relieving fever and killing insects. If you go outdoors in summer, you can try: pick the leaves of camphor tree, crush them and apply them on the surfaces of hands and feet, which has the effect of preventing mosquitoes. However, if you pay attention to observation, you will also find that camphor trees will also be attacked by pests and diseases, which is fair in essence and will always be the same thing. Breeding methods: sowing and cutting. When the fruit is ripe, it falls by itself and the bird pecks it. Breeding with seeds should be sown with the harvest, with 7200-8000 seeds per kilogram, germination rate of 70-80% and yield per mu of 10- 15 kg. Afforestation can also sprout and renew. Pests and diseases include powdery mildew, black spot, camphor sawfly, camphor leaf roller moth, camphor moth, camphor beetle and so on. Introduction: Cinnamomum camphora is an excellent material with fragrance, which is a good material for first-class architecture, furniture and technology. Camphor of camphor tree and camphor oil are widely used in science and technology, OEM, medicine and national defense industry. In addition, Cinnamomum camphora is an excellent tree species for greening in the "four modernizations". Cinnamomum camphora is an evergreen tree, which likes light, has strong taproots, developed roots, warm and humid climate, strong adaptability, fast growth and long life. It grows best in the floodplain with deep soil layer. Second, the breeding time 1. Mature seeds are harvested every year10-1February, then stored in sand, and can germinate and sow in early March. 2. Soil preparation. Plow and rake for the first time in early winter, and plough and rake for the second time before sowing, and apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is generally decomposed manure, with a per mu 1500~2000 kg or 50 kg of urea, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 0/50 kg of vegetable cake. Then a high bed is built, with a general bed height of 35~50 cm and a bed width of 65438. 3. accelerate germination. In early March, camphor trees need to be germinated before sowing. Seeds can be soaked in warm water at 50℃. After cooling in warm water, soaking the seeds in 50℃ water for 3~4 times can make the seeds germinate 10~ 15 days earlier. 4. sow seeds. The row spacing of drilling is about 20 cm, and the sowing amount per mu is 10~ 15 kg. After sowing, cover the soil with straw or plastic film to keep the surface soil of the seedbed moist, which is beneficial to seed germination. 5. Tending management. After the seedlings are unearthed, the straw or plastic film should be pulled out in time, and the seedlings can be thinned when they grow a few real leaves, and the seedlings can be fixed when the height of the seedlings is about 10 cm. There are about 20,000 camphor trees per mu. After July, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and often loosen the soil and weed. Stop topdressing and irrigation in late autumn. Topdressing is usually 2~3 times, the first two times can use 7~ 10 kg urea, and the last time can use 10 kg urea and 7.5 kg phosphate fertilizer. The annual seedlings of Cinnamomum camphora/KLOC-0 can reach more than 50 cm, and the ground diameter is more than 0.7 cm. 3. The suitable transplanting time is from the middle and late March to the early April, and the transplanting density is about 0/500 plants per mu/kloc. After transplanting, it was cut off at about 10 cm above the ground. When the buds grow to about 10 cm, the main stem can be fixed, and the redundant branch buds can be cut off, leaving thicker branches. Apply 2000 kilograms of manure to the bed in winter. In this way, the DBH of 3-year-old seedlings can reach more than 3 cm. The efficacy source of Cinnamomum camphora fruit is the fruit of Cinnamomum camphora, a Lauraceae plant. See Cinnamomum camphora strips for plant morphology. Harvest in autumn and dry in the shade. The taste is slightly spicy and warm. Indications-the efficacy of camphor tree fruit in relieving exterior syndrome and reducing fever. Treat high fever, cold, measles, whooping cough and dysentery. Prescription 1 for high fever, cold and measles: one or two camphor fruits. After grinding, take it with boiling water. ② Treatment of whooping cough and dysentery: Cinnamomum camphora fruit and eucalyptus leaves are decocted in water. The efficacy of camphor tree root is different from other names, such as incense, premature delivery, camphor tree root, agarwood and agarwood. The source is the root of Cinnamomum camphora of Lauraceae. Mining and excavation took place from February to April. Cleaning selenium, slicing, and drying. The medicinal material is a transverse or oblique cutting disc with a diameter of 4 ~ 10 cm and a thickness of 2 ~ 5 mm ... It is hard and smells of camphor. It is best to be large, with even slices, yellow and white color and strong smell. Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangdong and Hunan. Sexual taste "classified herbs": pungent, non-toxic. Indications-the effect of camphor tree root is to regulate qi and promote blood circulation and dispel wind and dampness. Treat vomiting and diarrhea, chest pain, rheumatic joint pain, traumatic injury, scabies and itching. ① Classified drugs: for treating all kinds of gas pain, arthralgia, qi-shun, cholera and vomiting. ② Guizhou folk prescription drug collection: treating rheumatic pain and traumatic injury. ③ Guiyang folk herbs: regulating qi, promoting blood circulation and invigorating stomach. Treat stomach trouble, muscle pain, body odor and sweaty feet. ④ Records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine: Seek good fortune and avoid evil, and dispel wind and dampness. Treat cholera, abdominal distension, dyspepsia, rheumatism, joint pain of hands and feet, and scabies. ⑤ Hunan pharmacology: publishing, dispelling cold, promoting qi circulation, promoting blood circulation, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 4 ~ 6 yuan; Or soak in wine. External use: decoct and wash. Prescription 1: for flatulence and pain: Cinnamomum camphora root costs five yuan. Cook sweet wine to eat. ② Treatment of rheumatism, traumatic injury and bone and muscle pain: Cinnamomum camphora root, iron chopsticks, white dragon beard and Chuanxiong (one or two living people). Soak in wine, once in the morning and once in the evening, with five yuan for each time. ③ Treatment of rheumatic pain: Wash camphor tree roots with water. (4) Cure crooked mouth wind: fresh Cinnamomum camphora root is 22 liang, and Liquidambar formosana root bark is 5 yuan. Mix and mash, and outsource (left hand, right hand, left hand). ⑤ Treatment of body odor: Cinnamomum camphora root is fine powder, mixed with uncooked rice, and rubbed under the armpit. ⑥ Treatment of sweaty feet: fresh camphor tree root bark, mashed and covered on the soles of feet for the night. ⑦ Treating insect toothache: add a little salt to the white bark of camphor tree root and smash the pain.