What is the detailed difference between postgraduate entrance examination and postgraduate study?

Ordinary master's degree and professional master's degree are different in the following eight aspects:

First, the cultivation direction is different.

According to the relevant regulations of our country, the general master's education focuses on cultivating teaching and scientific research talents, and the types of degrees awarded are mainly degrees; Professional master is a master's degree with professional background, which is set up to train senior professionals in specific occupations.

Second, the enrollment conditions are different.

Professional masters require applicants to have a certain number of years of work experience, while ordinary masters do not. The vast majority of professional masters also require on-the-job personnel to apply for the exam with the consent of their units or corresponding management departments, and some even require their units to recommend them.

Third, the entrance examination is different.

For students, the entrance examination for general masters is only the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year, while the professional examinations other than the unified examination are put forward and scored by the admissions unit itself. There are two opportunities for the entrance examination of professional master: the "joint examination" in June 65438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose by themselves, and the professional examinations of these two national examinations are also set and marked by the enrollment units themselves.

Fourth, the difficulty of admission is different.

The national unified examination for postgraduate entrance examination is entirely the representative of Yan Jin and Kuan Chu. According to statistics, in 2005, the number of people taking the postgraduate entrance examination was1170,000, and the enrollment was only 320,000, with an enrollment ratio of 3.7: 1. Famous universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua and Fudan University, as well as popular majors such as microelectronics, information science, biomedicine, world economy and international finance, have a low admission rate due to a large number of applicants. It is understood that the enrollment ratio of popular majors in some prestigious schools even reaches 70: 1. But some unpopular majors in second-rate schools are not satisfied every year. Therefore, the difficulty of admission depends on the schools and majors that candidates apply for.

There are two opportunities for the entrance examination of professional master: the "joint examination" in June 65438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose by themselves. The professional examinations of these two national examinations are put forward and marked by the admissions unit itself. The entrance difficulty of different majors is different, and the popular majors are relatively difficult. For example, in 2004, the MBA admission ratio of Fudan University, Jiaotong University and Finance University in Shanghai was around 6: 1; The national admission rate of LLM in 2004 was less than 10%. In addition, the difficulty of "joint examination" and "unified examination" is different. Because there are many more candidates for the "unified examination", the competition for the examination is naturally fierce. However, although the entrance examination is easy, the applicant's work background and experience are more important in the admission.

5. Different learning styles

General master: full-time study. Usually three years.

Professional master: part-time, with a schooling of 2-3 years.

Sixth, the learning cost is different.

Recruit national plan (non-directional, directional) ordinary master students to enjoy tuition-free treatment according to state regulations. As an unplanned enrollment (commissioned training, self-funded), graduate students must pay tuition, which is generally 8000 yuan/year, which varies according to their majors. For self-funded students, poor students and other candidates, we can apply for national student loans or commercial loans to ease the pressure on tuition fees.

Professional master's tuition fees vary greatly according to different professional categories. For example, the MBA tuition fee is ten or even hundreds of thousands of yuan, while the master of engineering tuition fee is generally 30,000-40,000 yuan. Professional masters generally cannot apply for national student loans.

Seven, the diploma is different.

Unlike ordinary masters, most professional masters only award degree certificates, but have no academic certificates. But there are exceptions, such as MBA, master of law, master of medicine, master of architecture and so on. At the same time, the degree and diploma are awarded. Generally speaking, "unified examination" students get "double certificates" and "joint examination" students get "certificates"

Eight, different degrees of recognition

Ordinary Master: Because I graduated from a full-time regular university with a double certificate of academic degree, the social recognition of such graduates is very high. However, enterprises will also consider the weakness of full-time graduate students when recruiting: only theory, lack of experience. Especially for job seekers whose master's degree and undergraduate degree are completely different, and job seekers who have never had relevant work experience, enterprises will have scruples. It is suggested that such graduates should strengthen their competitiveness through internships, part-time jobs or taking vocational certificates.

Professional Master: The MBA who took the unified examination in June+10, 5438 can get a double certificate, while the master of engineering can only get a degree certificate at present, so the degree of recognition of professional master in the market is slightly different. Of course, with the increasing types of professional masters in recent years, the number of applicants has increased year after year, so popularity has driven the market effect, and the recognition and job-seeking status have gradually improved. Many enterprises no longer require academic certificates, but pay more attention to the gold content of professional degree certificates themselves.

Extended data:

Master, that is, graduate students studying for a master's degree, referred to as master students. In daily life, people say that they have been admitted to a master's degree and read a master's degree. Graduate students are graduate degrees. Compared with undergraduates, postgraduate education pays more attention to cultivating students' ability to study and analyze problems, especially their scientific research and teaching ability.

A master's degree is a postgraduate degree between a bachelor's degree and a doctorate. A master's degree usually symbolizes a basic independent thinking ability. Graduate students who graduate normally and meet the conditions for conferring degrees will be awarded graduation certificates and master's degree certificates. According to the learning style, China's graduate students are divided into full-time and part-time training modes. Since 20 17, the same examination enrollment policy and training standards have been implemented, and their academic degree certificates have the same legal status and the same effect.

full-time

The full-time postgraduate entrance examination is mainly the national postgraduate entrance examination (hereinafter referred to as the "unified examination"). English, ideological and political theory, advanced mathematics and other public subjects are put forward by the whole country, and professional courses are mainly put forward by enrollment units themselves (some majors are put forward by the national entrance examination).

Postgraduate entrance examination is mainly divided into initial examination and second examination. Only by passing the preliminary examination can you qualify for the second interview. After being admitted, you will get graduate status. When you graduate, you can get a master's diploma and a master's degree certificate if the course study and thesis defense meet the requirements of the degree regulations. ?

part-time job

Before 20 17, it mainly refers to on-the-job graduate students, and most of them only award degrees, which are not included in the scope of national recognized academic qualifications. On-the-job education has a flexible way of learning, that is, on-the-job learning and recruiting on-the-job personnel. Some majors require work experience and mainly study in their spare time. The examination method is usually conducted on June 5438+ 10 every year, which is called "National Joint Examination for On-the-job Personnel Studying for Master's Degree" or "Joint Examination" for short.

On 20 17, the title of "on-the-job graduate student" was abolished, and the postgraduate entrance examination was unified into a unified examination. In terms of learning methods, they are divided into full-time and part-time ones. Both of them have the same examinations, the same scores and the same training standards, and graduated with both academic qualifications and degree certificates.

Full-time and part-time students can recruit fresh graduates and on-the-job personnel, and some colleges and universities implement equal treatment in curriculum arrangement and accommodation.

20 17 cancel the title of "on-the-job graduate student" and set up part-time graduate students. The postgraduate entrance examination is unified as a unified examination, and the learning methods are divided into full-time and part-time. The former refers to full-time graduate students studying in universities and scientific research institutions; The latter refers to graduate students who still undertake certain tasks in their original jobs during their school days. Two people have the same test, the same marks and the same training standards. When they graduate, they have both academic qualifications and degree certificates. Except for some majors, both full-time and part-time students can recruit fresh graduates and on-the-job personnel.

The conditions for enrolling in the national unified examination are basically the same as in previous years, and the qualifications of candidates must meet the requirements. The age is generally not more than 40 years old, and the age of candidates who apply for entrusted training and pay their own expenses is not limited; Enrolling in the independent examination organized by the enrollment unit approved by the Ministry of Education requires not only academic qualifications and age requirements, but also on-the-job personnel who have worked continuously for four years or more after graduation from university, have excellent business, have published research papers (technical reports) or have become the backbone of their business, and are recommended by two experts with senior professional and technical positions with the consent of the unit.

After obtaining a master's degree or doctoral degree, he has worked for 2 years or more, and his business is excellent. With the consent of the unit and recommended by two experts with senior professional and technical positions, he is an on-the-job employee entrusted by the unit; Those who sign up for the National Entrance Examination for Master of Laws (hereinafter referred to as the "National Entrance Examination for Master of Laws") must meet the conditions for taking the National Entrance Examination, and their major in colleges and universities is also required to be a non-law major;

The following 13 majors are not allowed to apply for the LLM major: law, economic law, international law, international economic law, labor reform law, commercial law, notarization, legal affairs, administrative law, lawyers, foreign-related economy and law, intellectual property law and criminal law.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-master student