Environmental research report?

Environmental investigation is the use of scientific methods to purposefully and systematically collect information that can reflect the temporal changes and spatial distribution of the environment related to the organization, in order to study the laws of environmental changes and predict Future environmental change trends provide a basis for decision-making on organizational activities. I have compiled some for you, I hope it will be useful to you!

Chapter 1

In recent years, with the rapid economic development in various regions, environmental pollution problems have also become more and more serious. The more serious the problem, protecting the environment and maintaining ecological balance has become the responsibility and obligation of each of our citizens, and it is also an important measure for the better development of society!

What is the environment? From a philosophical perspective From a perspective, the so-called environment mainly refers to all the situations and conditions surrounding the subject we are studying. For people, environment refers to the combination of all external conditions in which people live and that can affect people. Human life cannot be separated from a good environment. In the millions of years of human history, the environment has played a huge role in creating human civilization and progress.

Atmospheric resources, water resources, land resources, etc., are the material basis for human survival; while forest resources, mineral resources and other resources provide materials for the continuous development of human beings, creating high altitudes on the earth. of human civilization. However, while human beings are developing and utilizing environmental resources, they have also created a series of environmental problems for their own living environment.

There are many pollutants that pollute the environment around us, such as: a large amount of domestic waste, plastic bags also known as white garbage, disposable wooden chopsticks, disposable lunch boxes, and peel paper scraps. There is no doubt that pollutants are very harmful to the environment. For example, the rotting carcasses of animals will affect environmental sanitation and breed bacteria. Hotels and restaurants consider disposable wooden chopsticks to be hygienic but throw them away after use, affecting the appearance of the city and damaging the environment. .

Now in Liutuan Town and Qingxiang Township, the power grid departments have recently removed the use of water spray machines. The use of water jets worsens environmental pollution and pollutes water resources, which is very harmful to people's health. Human activities will discharge a large amount of industrial, agricultural and domestic waste into the water, causing water pollution. For example, in the Bohai Bay in the north of our country, a large number of fish and shrimps died due to the waste discharged by industrial and printing and dyeing factories. Local farmers went fishing in Shanghai. The fish contained a large number of chemical substances, which caused harm to people's health. According to statistics, currently, more than 420 billion cubic meters of sewage are discharged into rivers, lakes and seas around the world every year, polluting 5.5 trillion cubic meters of fresh water, which is equivalent to more than 14% of the total global runoff. The Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People's Republic of China promulgated in 1984 clearly defines "water pollution", that is, the chemical, physical, biological or radioactive characteristics of water bodies due to the intervention of certain substances. Changes that affect the effective use of water, harm human health or damage the ecological environment, and cause deterioration of water quality are called water pollution. There are two types of water pollution: one is natural pollution; the other is man-made pollution. At present, man-made pollution is the most harmful to water bodies.

Water pollution can be mainly divided into three categories: chemical pollution, physical pollution and biological pollution according to different polluting impurities.

Recently, I discovered that the *** department and the Changyi Environmental Sanitation Bureau have begun to vigorously improve the environment and investigate sources of pollution along the street. Qingxiang Street has also installed convenient trash cans at designated points, replacing the original garbage that surrounded the street and filled the street with stinky odor. conditions of the day. Various villages have begun to rectify the pollution sources of the environment in the village, giving the streets and villages a new look! And this is not the main thing. What is more important is that each of us consciously protects the environment and the homeland on which we live, so that we can better protect our future generations and establish a good environment. Set an example and lay a good foundation to make our home more beautiful and colorful!

So! The environment is closely related to our lives. Protecting environmental sanitation starts from me and starts from now: not anywhere Spit; do not litter; dispose of waste batteries and plastic bags properly; plant more trees and do not trample on lawns; do not pollute water sources.

We have a responsibility to protect the environment! It depends on your actions!

Small suggestions: Plastic bottles in family life can be made into decorations, and recyclable items can be sold. How about using money to buy practical things? Not so good? Disposable wooden chopsticks can be made into decorations after being sterilized and cleaned, and you can also open a small shop and make a lot of money! Turn waste into valuables, make yourself feel more comfortable, make your heart purer, and make your The family is warmer!

Survey location: campus

Survey time: xx, xx, xx

According to the teacher’s request, I conducted a survey on the campus environment investigation.

The investigation situation is as follows:

1. Waste liquid often flows out of several large trash cans.

2. Flowers and plants are not regularly pruned and watered, making them look messy and disorganized.

3. The pool water is too dirty and the water does not flow, causing a lot of dirt to float on the surface.

4. Some places are overgrown with weeds, accumulated waste, and no one cleans them.

5. There are many vehicles entering and leaving the campus, causing problems such as noise and exhaust gas pollution.

6. The toilet is not cleaned in time and there are no special toilet cleaning tools.

7. The window sill is too dirty, and students often bump into it.

8. The seriousness of graffiti on the blackboard

Part 2

1. Proposition of the topic

In the era of rapid economic development Today, gratifying achievements have been made in all aspects. People's material civilization continues to improve, and people are living a well-off life. At the same time, because people do not have a strong awareness of environmental protection, they are facing very serious environmental problems. In order to make the environment we live in better and to leave a good image of Fusong forever, we conducted an investigation on environmental protection issues in the county.

2. Scope of investigation

Streets, garbage

Garbage disposal points, crowd gathering points

3. Investigation method

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Field investigation

Opinion survey and interviews with relevant departments

IV. Investigation situation

At present, environmental problems have become a global issue. The problem is also serious in our county. On the afternoon of February 3, I conducted a survey on various streets. Along Market East Road, we found that piles of garbage on the roadside had gathered into "hills". The main reason for this phenomenon was that the residents on the roadside Littering, caused day after day. Some even blocked the ditches, preventing the smooth flow of water. The smelly water flowed into the streets, affecting passers-by's walking and affecting the beauty of the environment. People often spit when they pass by garbage. Winter is good, but once summer comes, mosquitoes and flies fly around, spreading diseases, polluting the fresh air, and causing a lot of inconvenience to the surrounding residents. It can be seen that urban solid waste pollution is serious. But the air pollution situation cannot be ignored! On the afternoon of February 5, we conducted a survey on the air pollution in the small market square and the heating plant near the school. The factory constantly releases pollutants into the air. We followed the thick smoke and approached the heating plant, and found that the situation here was even more shocking. First of all, the factory was very smoky. The heavy smoke seemed to be falling down, and the "black-looking" trees around were struggling with death. At the same time, soil erosion also exists. In ----, there are piles of garbage, causing damage to vegetation. When heavy rains come, the vegetation will be washed away. Source of this article: Garbage, loess, and sediment flow down the river and gather into "little yellow rivers", seriously damaging the environment. In addition, due to the destruction of vegetation in the area of ??the channel, dust flies in the air on sunny days, and during heavy rains, water carries sediment and flows from top to bottom to the road, hindering the movement of vehicles and the movement of passers-by.

5. Survey results

Through the above survey, it can be seen that environmental pollution in the city is becoming increasingly serious. Especially for air pollution, factories discharge thick smoke into the clean air without restraint, which not only seriously pollutes the air, but also affects people's health. The second is solid waste pollution. White pollution such as "disposable lunch boxes" and "plastic bags" have a certain impact on the beautification of the city. People spitting, littering, and littering have also become aspects of environmental pollution. In addition, soil erosion also accounts for a certain proportion.

6. Result Analysis

In summary, we have realized the harmfulness of environmental pollution and environmental damage, and we will analyze the above situations.

Air pollution: According to relevant departments, the emissions from township industry were 21.46 million tons, accounting for 67.3% of the total emissions. The national emissions of sulfur dioxide in exhaust gas reached 19.95 million tons, and the total smoke and dust emissions reached 11.65 million tons. It can be seen that air pollution brings great harm to the country. The wastes of enterprises pollute farmland, irrigation water and drinking water, and the exhaust gas of enterprises pollutes the air. Residents often feel suffocation and severe throat pain, and the incidence of bronchitis and lung disease is significantly higher than in other areas. According to statistics, my country's annual losses caused by environmental pollution reach 36 billion yuan, and losses caused by ecological environment damage reach 50 billion yuan. In 1990 alone, there were 3,462 pollution accidents across the country. According to statistics in 1994, the country discharged 36 billion tons of wastewater, 8,241.3 billion cubic meters of waste gas, and 45.45 million tons of industrial solid waste a year.

Environmental pollution and destruction have brought serious harm to mankind and even threatened the survival of the entire human race; environmental problems must be taken seriously and prevented, otherwise the consequences will be unimaginable.

7. Conclusions and Suggestions

Conclusion: It is necessary to fully understand the role of the ecological environment, the significance of ecological balance to human production and life, and the serious harm of environmental pollution and destruction. We must deeply understand the seriousness of my country's environmental situation and the urgency of preventing and controlling environmental pollution and destruction. We must also firmly establish the concept of environmental protection in our minds and actively participate in practical actions to care for and protect the environment.

After discussion, we came up with the following suggestions:

1. The chimney in the factory should be built high, and if possible, use modern high-tech machine production and install mufflers.

2. Prevent and control air pollution.

3. To manage the environment in accordance with the law, every citizen should follow the system stipulated in my country's Environmental Protection Law, starting with me.

4. Improve citizens’ environmental awareness and quality.

5. Let’s actively plant trees, grow more green plants, and make rational use of natural resources.

Chapter 3

According to the unified deployment of the Party Branch of the Municipal Urban Management and Law Enforcement Bureau, a survey was conducted on the environmental sanitation management of our city on the basis of "in-depth study and practice of the Scientific Outlook on Development". The investigation situation is now reported as follows:

In recent years, with the care, attention and support of leaders at all levels such as the Municipal Party Committee, Municipal ***, Municipal Construction Committee, Municipal Urban Management and Law Enforcement Bureau, our city’s environmental sanitation undertakings have With rapid development, the road cleaning area has increased from 1.1 million m2 at the beginning of the city to more than 3.246 million m2 now, the garbage removal volume has increased from 120 tons/day to more than 300 tons/day now, and the special sanitation vehicles have increased from 30 tons/day to more than 300 tons/day now. The number of vehicles has increased to 43 now, and the number of garbage transfer stations has increased from 18 to 78, making positive contributions to creating a good urban environment. However, there are still many problems in the environmental sanitation management system and implementation mechanism that have not been well resolved, which restricts the further development of environmental sanitation. To realize the scientific development of environmental sanitation, we must use the scientific outlook on development as a guide, establish a "money-based" mechanism for environmental sanitation, solve the long-standing problems that plague the development of environmental sanitation, continuously improve the level of urban environmental sanitation management, and create good people for the masses. living and working environment.

1. Current status of sanitation work.

A basic situation. Suizhou Environmental Sanitation Department currently has 805 cadres and employees, including: 503 regular employees including 182 retired people, and 302 temporary workers. The daily cleaning area is 3.246 million m2, and the daily garbage collection and transportation is more than 300 tons. The garbage removal rate reaches 100%. , remove 7,000 tons of feces every year, spray 37,000 tons of dust every year, manage 28 flush public toilets, 78 garbage transfer stations, 43 special sanitation vehicles, and 1 garbage disposal site.

2. Management operation mode.

In terms of internal management, since 20xx, a "three-level responsibility system" and a "three-in-one" management model for road section lengths have been established, that is, the Environmental Sanitation Department has delegated labor employment rights, salary payment rights, and work management rights to the team, so that the team can It has become an unincorporated entity that operates independently and develops itself. The team then divides the sections into several bundles based on the cleaning area, transportation units and fee collection areas. These bundles are auctioned to the road section chiefs through public bidding among internal employees. , the section chief is responsible for the cleaning, transportation, and toll collection within his jurisdiction. This has formed a three-level management responsibility system in which the section chief is responsible to the station captain, and the station captain is responsible to the department, which has changed the "big pot for everyone to eat, collective activities" The negative and inert thinking of "everyone can do it" has formed a competitive incentive mechanism in which "everyone has to shoulder a heavy burden, and everyone has a target".

However, the operating model implemented by the Environmental Sanitation Department is only a management form between the planned economy and the market economy. It is only a maximum reform under the planned economic system and is far from the Meet market requirements. Because it operates according to the market, it is necessary to establish an independent accounting, self-financing and corporate execution management mechanism. However, each department under our office is an unincorporated unit with non-independent accounting, and it is difficult to independently assume the corresponding responsibilities, rights, and interests. In essence, it is still It is a "big pot" system where government and enterprise are not separated, and management and management are not separated, which limits the further deepening and development of environmental sanitation reform and makes it impossible to meet market-oriented requirements.

Three personnel and establishment situation. , the original Suizhou City Editorial Committee assigned 212 people to the Municipal Environmental Sanitation Department. In the 11 years since Suizhou City was upgraded, the urban construction area has expanded, roads have been extended, the amount of garbage has increased, and management has been strengthened, but the number of sanitation personnel has never been Increase. After the establishment of Suizhou City at the prefecture level in 2016, the number of sanitation personnel was fixed at 170. Instead of increasing, the number of employees decreased by 42. The operating area expanded and the number of operating personnel decreased.

Based on calculations based on the standards of the Ministry of Construction's "National Urban Appearance and Environmental Sanitation Unified Labor Quotas" and the actual workload of sanitation, the main urban area should currently be equipped with road cleaning, garbage collection and transportation, feces collection and transportation, garbage transfer, garbage and feces There are 1,291 production personnel in various fields such as processing and public toilet management and cleaning. However, the Municipal Environmental Sanitation Department currently has only 623 production and management personnel, excluding retirees. Calculated based on the current operating area and workload, 668 people are vacant. Due to the serious shortage of staff, sanitation employees have been overloaded for a long time and have no work on Sundays. During holidays, one person does the same thing as two people, which greatly affects the stability of the workforce and the normal progress of production work.

4. Funding income and expenditure. Over the years, environmental sanitation funding has been severely insufficient and employee remuneration is extremely low. The reason is that although the Environmental Sanitation Department is a fully funded institution, the financial department has always implemented a budget contract based on 170 employees. Due to the large number of personnel and small establishment, this has resulted in The funding gap is huge. For example: in 20xx, the financial allocation was 3.09 million yuan, including oil subsidies and other special expenses, and extra-budgetary revenue was 5.89 million yuan, totaling 8.98 million yuan; however, the Environmental Sanitation Department's expenditures in 20xx were 17.179 million yuan, of which: 7.685 million yuan in salary for on-the-job formal staff , social security fees of 3.01 million yuan, temporary workers' wages of 2.61 million yuan, retirees' wages of 1.594 million yuan, production costs of 1.5 million yuan, facility maintenance costs of 300,000 yuan, and extra-budgetary regulation funds of 480,000 yuan. The funding gap is 8.199 million yuan.

2. Main existing problems.

From the actual point of view of environmental sanitation work, there are mainly outstanding problems in the following aspects, which restrict the improvement of environmental sanitation level.

1. The system is not smooth and the overall management level is not high. Our city's urban environmental sanitation management system still follows the management system of the planned economy era, which is mainly manifested in the fact that government and enterprises are not separated, and the management of the same company has problems. There are unclear responsibilities, rights, and benefits in management. It can neither meet the needs of the market economy, nor can it adapt to the needs of the market economy. This limits the further deepening of environmental sanitation reform.

2. The mechanism is inactive and the level of environmental sanitation production is not high. Due to the small number of sanitation staff, and the financial department allocates funds based on the number of staff, when the budget is drawn up every year, it is unable to increase budget funds due to the small number of sanitation staff. The limited financial allocation has not only caused the environmental sanitation management department to have a situation where "it cannot support people with money, and no one can do the work without money", but also because the existing personnel have been overloaded for a long time, the front-line production staff are "fatigued and unable to do their jobs well." "Looking for people to work everywhere" forces the sanitation department to focus part of its energy on how to "support people", making it more difficult to achieve the goal of "supporting people with money".

Since the sanitation department is always constrained by funds, it cannot go all out in management and it is difficult to ensure the quality of sanitation production, thus affecting the overall sanitation quality of the city.

3. There are many retired employees and the unit is overwhelmed. The Environmental Sanitation Department currently has 182 retired employees, and the number will gradually increase. Although our office has purchased pension insurance and medical insurance for its employees, because the insurance was based on the 1997 employee salary base, full payment required 2 million yuan/year, and the actual payment was 820,000 yuan/year. The social security department only paid retirement benefits. The difference between the employee's partial retirement payment and the retirement payment approved by the human resources department will be repaid by the Environmental Sanitation Department with its own funds. The Environmental Sanitation Department's annual replacement retirement payment costs more than 700,000 yuan. After the old workers retire, new temporary workers will be added to the production positions, and the financial department has not increased funds. The phenomenon of "more monks and less rice" is becoming more and more prominent. The funding gap is getting larger and larger, and the burden of the unit is getting heavier and heavier.

4. High labor intensity and low employee benefits. Although our city's sanitation workers have a heavy workload and are overloaded all year round to ensure the level of sanitation production, the work done by sanitation workers is inversely proportional to the benefits they enjoy. From the perspective of the whole province, Suizhou sanitation presents a situation of “two highs and two lows”: First, the business level is high. Regarding Suizhou's current management system and execution mechanism, our production and service levels such as road cleaning and garbage collection are already higher than those of other cities under the same conditions; second, extra-budgetary income is high. The domestic waste disposal fee collection rate in Suizhou is 37%, which is at the leading level in the province; third, political treatment is low. All prefecture-level municipal environmental sanitation departments are at least deputy department-level units, while our city's environmental sanitation department is only a department-level unit; fourth, wages are low. Starting from December 1, 20xx, the Municipal Environmental Sanitation Department has adjusted the cleaning operation time and method, working around the clock from 5:00 am to 22:30, and the cleaners work up to 9.5 hours a day. At the beginning of the adjustment period, half of the temporary workers hired left because the labor intensity was high and the remuneration was too low. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the cleaning reform, the Municipal Environmental Sanitation Department has raised the wages of temporary workers in cleaning positions to 500-600 yuan/month many times despite the financial difficulties. Even so, it is not easy to hire, and the age structure of the people hired is skewed. For those who are older and in poor physical condition, not only is it difficult to ensure the quality of their work, but it also makes normal management more difficult.

3. Suggestions and ideas on our city’s environmental sanitation work

In order to promote the healthy development of environmental sanitation, improve the level of environmental sanitation management, and create a clean and beautiful urban living environment, we must follow In accordance with the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development, the establishment of a "pay-to-support" mechanism for environmental sanitation work can guarantee various environmental sanitation funds, solve the shortcomings of production and management units charging to support people, and promote the healthy development of the environmental sanitation industry.

1. Deepen the structural reform, separate government and enterprise, and separate management and cadres. If the environmental sanitation industry is to develop, market-oriented operation is the only way to go. In order to adapt to the needs of the market economy from the institutional perspective, the current status quo of no separation between government and enterprises must be changed. The Environmental Sanitation Bureau is established at the deputy division level, with three divisions and one team at the section level: Cleaning Management Office, Clearance Management Office, Toll Management Office, Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade. Various companies are established according to business needs. The company implements enterprise management, operates according to the rules of market economy, and implements the sharing of responsibilities, rights and interests.

Second, take the road of marketization and establish a "money-based" mechanism for environmental sanitation operations. Mainly based on the current workload of environmental sanitation work, the production funds are assessed and included in the financial budget. The details are as follows:

1. Implement the position and method of "paying for money"

⑴ Road Cleaning and cleaning. Calculate cleaning and cleaning production expenses based on the road cleaning and cleaning area, and use the standard of 2.6 yuan/m2 to learn from the minimum standards of other counties and cities. Currently, the urban area of ??3.246 million m2 of cleaning and cleaning area requires an annual production fund of 8.44 million yuan, and this fund is fully included in the fiscal budget. . In order to facilitate the operation, during the public auction, the personnel salary standard is calculated as temporary workers 755 yuan / month, basic salary 500 yuan + social insurance fee 135 yuan + tool fee 20 yuan + holiday overtime pay 100 yuan, personnel expenses are included in the road public auction The funds will be implemented by the company that wins the bid, but the wages of temporary workers should be adjusted in time according to national policies.

⑵ Sprinkle water on the road to suppress dust. The annual funding for three sprinkler trucks is 184,000 yuan, which is included in the fiscal year budget.

⑶ Garbage removal

Mechanical removal.

The cost of mechanical removal is calculated based on the tonnage of garbage. According to the standard of 16.26 yuan / ton per month, the urban area is calculated based on 300 tons of garbage per day, and the annual funding is 1.78 million yuan. This funding is included in the fiscal year budget.

Manpower transportation. The cleaning cost is calculated based on the tonnage of manpower to be transported, and the standard is 8.12 yuan/ton. Based on the daily manpower to clear 201.8 tons of garbage in the urban area, 598,000 yuan/year is required. This cost is included in the fiscal year budget.

⑷Junk site management. There are 78 garbage transfer stations in the city. Based on the calculation of one person for every 1.5 stations, 52 station administrators should be equipped. The staff salary standard is based on temporary workers of 755 yuan/month. The basic salary is 500 yuan + social insurance fee 135 yuan + The tool fee is 20 yuan + holiday overtime pay is 100 yuan, which requires a funding of 471,000 yuan per year. This funding is included in the fiscal year budget.

⑸ Implementation of garbage disposal sites. The daily sewage discharge and disinfection, facility maintenance, vehicle maintenance, fuel consumption and other implementation costs of the garbage disposal site are 427,000 yuan/year, which are included in the fiscal year budget.

⑹Public toilet management. There are currently 28 public toilets in the city, all of which are free. According to the calculation of one manager for every two public toilets, there should be 14 public toilet managers. The staff salary standard is based on temporary workers of 755 yuan/month, and the basic salary is 500 yuan + The social insurance fee is 135 yuan + tool fee 20 yuan + holiday overtime pay 100 yuan, which requires 127,000 yuan per year. This expense is included in the fiscal year budget.

⑺Domestic waste disposal fee collection. Strictly implement the two-line management regulations of revenue and expenditure, and collect domestic waste disposal fees and turn them over to the municipal finance in full. The wages of charging personnel are calculated based on the fee collection amount. The salary accounting standard for large fee personnel is 7.74 yuan per 100 yuan of charging tasks. Calculated based on the charging task of 2.81 million yuan in 20xx, a fund of 217,500 yuan/year is required; the salary accounting standard for tipped personnel is The salary is 17.83 yuan per 100 yuan of charging tasks. Based on the 20xx charging task of 868,000 yuan, the required funding is 155,000 yuan/year, and the total required funding is 372,500 yuan/year. This funding is included in the fiscal year budget.

2. Personnel and methods for implementing fund sharing

⑴Environmental sanitation supervision and law enforcement management. The Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade is responsible for supervision and management, and costs 324,000 yuan per year for personnel salaries and vehicle fuel consumption. This cost is included in the fiscal year budget.

⑵ The file salary of agency personnel is calculated based on the fixed number of personnel, which requires a fund of 294,000 yuan per year and is included in the fiscal year budget.

3. Personnel and methods for implementing financial accounting

⑴The above six include road cleaning, watering and dust suppression, garbage removal, site management, garbage disposal site management, and public toilet management. The wages of the cost accounting personnel in the positions are calculated as temporary workers at 755 yuan/month. There are currently 260 regular employees in the above 6 positions. In order to resolve the contradiction, a wage supplement method is adopted, that is: the average salary of regular employees is still 1,290 yuan based on the file. / person? Monthly cash payment, based on the number of regular workers, will be paid separately by the finance at the standard of 535 yuan / person? month 1,290-755, with an annual funding requirement of 1.669 million yuan.

(3) Incorporate the insurance premiums for sanitation workers into the fiscal budget. According to the relevant national archives regulations, the pension, medical and other insurance costs of fully allocated public institutions shall be borne by the financial department. Therefore, the social insurance cost of 2.15 million yuan/year for regular sanitation employees should be included in the full financial budget; at the same time, every retired employee For formal employees, the corresponding expenses will be borne by the finance department, and normal sanitation funds will not be reduced.

The above-mentioned positions and personnel are based on the market-oriented operation mechanism of using money to support the work, and the annual funding is 19.106 million yuan, which does not include the salary of front-line management personnel.

3. Establish a handover system for sanitation operations. With the rapid development of cities, road area and garbage generation will continue to increase. Therefore, when increasing the amount of sanitation work or delivering supporting facilities for use, funds should be approved based on the workload, and then *** investment and bidding competition among the operating departments should be implemented. , the Finance and Construction Committees have strengthened supervision to ensure that new roads are taken over in a timely manner and to maintain good environmental sanitation in the city.