Changes of Saskatchewan Family in Hezhou

At all times, China and foreign countries are talking about the celebrity effect. Sa Beining, the famous host of CCTV, is the name card of Saskatchewan family and the cultural symbol of Anhui County. A few years ago, CCTV launched a celebrity reality show "Where do the guests come from? In the second episode of the second season, the ratings of Sa Beining climbed, and the audience commented enthusiastically, which attracted the attention of the Saskatchewan family in Hexian County.

According to Sasaki's genealogy, in the first year of Wen Jian in Ming Dynasty (1399), he moved from Shaanxi to Sasaki in Hezhou and lived in Xiangshuigou, Daximen. He is the ancestor of Sasaki and Hezhou, and it has been more than 600 years since. The distant ancestor of Sa's surname originally lived in the Western Regions as a Uighur. He was named Elvis Presley for his contribution to the rebellion in the Tang Dynasty and lived in Guanzhong. Therefore, Sasaki ancestral hall was named "Maoying Hall". Sashi is the most popular surname among Hui people. He lives in Hehe, with a prosperous population, taking Hezhou as his native land, with a growing population, living in a foreign land and even as far as the southwest. People with surnames everywhere are rooted in Hezhou, because it has been the source of surnames for hundreds of years.

Find an inheritance to make up for regrets and comfort neighbors first.

"Where did the guests come from? Sa Beining was filmed in Hexian County for three days. The program group extensively collected information, elaborately made drawing boards, and specially interviewed many elderly people in Saskatchewan. However, the broadcast of the feature film started from flying to the Quan Min Road Mosque in Wuhan. There is only one sentence in my memory: "My ancestral home is in Hexian County, Anhui Province, separated from Nanjing by a river." It is inevitable to live up to the expectations of the villagers in the county. As a descendant who loves literary creation and the Saskatchewan family, he decided to integrate all kinds of materials, write articles and preserve history to express his love for Hezhou's hometown and make up for the regrets of his relatives and neighbors.

When approaching the Saskatchewan family in Hezhou, we must first remember eight words: "harmony, harmony, response, loyalty, generosity, communication and home." This is not only a word used by the Saskatchewan family for generations, but also an ancestral motto handed down by blood. The Sa family has always kept in mind the simple concept of "peace and faithfulness", and made couplets and put them on the door every Spring Festival as a moral criterion for treating people, cultivating self-cultivation and family harmony.

Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, Saskatchewan family has been engaged in handicrafts and commerce related to their living habits in Hezhou. Such as cattle slaughtering, leather workshops, candle workshops, mills, oil mills, artisans, blacksmiths, restaurants, groceries and other industries, are all small in scale and concentrated in the residential areas of the county, especially the most prosperous small market areas. Businessmen often follow business. In order to make a living, the family branch also opened stores in Hanshan, Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Shanghai and other places, and the Saskatchewan family spread outward.

Family history is always closely linked with national destiny, and the Japanese war of aggression against China has brought profound disasters to the Saskatchewan family. 1937 65438+In February, the Japanese army occupied the capital Nanjing, and Japanese planes often flew to the county town across a river for reconnaissance. On March 18 of the following year, three Japanese planes bombed the county town indiscriminately. The picture left by history is as follows:

Japanese planes dropping bombs from high altitude, while carrying out the bombing mission, also carried out aerial photography and had a bird's eye view of clusters of smoke in the city. This is an old photo dug up from the historical archives. Through the dust of the years, clusters of smoke make people suffocate and wake up the pain that happened yesterday. I seem to vaguely hear the roar of enemy planes and the grimace of the devil in the air.

On the ground, East and West Streets in lotus town are in flames. After three days and nights of burning, there were still embers, and hundreds of shops and houses were burned down, including a grocery store and a two-story building. Safuqing (Zhenggang), the owner of Shawancheng grocery store, is an old man who is nearly eighty years old. With tears of hatred, he clung to the pillars of the charred house and refused to leave. His nephew jumped into the raging fire and risked his life to save the old man (see Wang Yao's My Humble Book, page 104). Safuqing's old man was filled with grief and indignation, and suddenly became crazy. After the fall of Hezhou, a small group of Japanese troops were stationed in his home. It was very cold, so the ghost soldiers removed all the tables, chairs, doors and windows to keep warm. The angry old man Safqing took advantage of the Japanese army's unprepared and poured a pot of boiling water on the little devil. After that, he fled Hezhou and hid in the home of Ma Weiyi, his granddaughter-in-law who worked as a clerk in the Kuomintang army in Quanjiao Guhe.

The war destroyed their homes and the people embarked on the road to escape from the war. Sa Beining's great-grandfather, SaPingHou, joined the crowd with a family of 23 people. Leaving the county seat, along the simple dirt road between counties, supporting the old and taking care of the young, dragging the children and taking care of the girls, trudging for more than one month in the dark 1000, passing through Wuwei, Lujiang, Tongcheng, Buried Hill, Taihu Lake, Huangmei, Huanggang and other counties, and finally reaching Hankou, three children died on the way. (See "The Road Map of Satan's Escape (1938)") The family suffered a lot along the way, which is the epitome of our national disaster at that time. According to the old man's memory, all the rich people ran in Wuhan, Sichuan and Chongqing. Those who have no money go to the countryside and hide in the surrounding mountains and countryside. There are many people fleeing from Saping's family, not just Saping's family. Ying Chang, the third son of Safuqing family, took two relatives, Sa and Yu, from Nanjing to Chongqing, then to Chengdu, Guangyuan and Baoji, and finally to An. My aunt once recalled to me: "My grandmother (named Yu, the wife of battalion commander Sa) and my aunt (named Samulan, then 5 years old) also took people to Wuchuan. Aunt Mulan said that at that time, a porter was invited to help carry the luggage, and a 5-year-old aunt was sitting at one end. After they ran to Qianfo Mountain in Sichuan, some people said that they could not run, and it would be dangerous to run again. So I went back to Wuhan and the mosque took them in for a while. The family finally went to Xi 'an and came to grandpa Sayingchang's house. Grandpa works as an accountant in the Northwest Highway Bureau, which belongs to the Northwest Army. "

Second, Caesar's entrepreneurship is also beautiful.

Sa Beining once bluntly said in an interview: "Where a person comes from is one of the ultimate problems, and family has always been an important concept in China. My family thinks this is what I am most qualified to do ... My family once said that you should spend some time learning some stories at home ... otherwise it will be more difficult for the next generation of children. "

"It takes a long time to start a business, and it will be ruined once." Japanese bombing destroyed the family businesses of generations in Saskatchewan, and the story of family entrepreneurship is worth tracing. The late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were the most prosperous period in the history of Hezhou, because it was adjacent to Nanjing and was the seat of the state capital, with several counties under its jurisdiction. Six old brothers in Saskatchewan set up a "Sawan City" business firm in Xiaoshikou, dealing in foreign groceries such as American Mobil kerosene and British Taikoo Sugar. The shop in front of the firm and the shop behind it, that is, the business in front and the production and processing of candy and cakes in the back. The hardships experienced by starting a business are unimaginable today. Two meals a day, dry early and dilute late. If there is nothing to eat, fry the soybeans with salt. Men shave their heads, six brothers shave each other's heads and just shave off their long hair with a razor; A piece of clothing, the eldest brother, the second child and the third child are worn next to each other, patched and patched until it is worn to rags. It's really hard, hard and frugal.

As the saying goes, "there are thousands of people in a family, and one person is in charge." The firm of "Sa Wancheng" is responsible for the sales of Yingjie, the second son of Fannie and Freddie, and Yingjie, the eldest son of Fannie and Freddie. Shawan City is located to the west of Xiaoshikou in the center of he cheng. In addition, the city also opened "Sawanxin" and "Sawanshun" branches. Sa Fuqing also opened a "Sa Wanlong" pickles shop in Youfang Lane in the name of his eldest daughter Ma, producing and selling pickles, soy sauce and rice vinegar. "Shawancheng" and "Shawanlong" sugar factories and soy sauce factories have hired several masters and many guys. Before the Japanese bombing, Safuqing's old six rooms were not separated, and they all ate together. Hundreds of people in six rooms live in Youfang Lane, a corner in the south of he cheng Small Market. From the bathroom of Grand View Garden in the south to the small market in the north. It is an area where Sa's shop and life are relatively concentrated, and it is called "Sa 'ban Street".

The facade of Saban Street is about forty or fifty meters, but it is deep, with five big entrances, three small entrances and a yard in the middle. It was not deliberately built at the moment, but naturally formed by the gathering of people named Sa. Sa Beining's great-grandfather opened a "first-class pub in the city", which is located at the west gate of Xiaoshikou, not "half street". "Cohabitation" is the origin and feature of the family system, and it is also the lifestyle that families follow. Every branch of the house lives together, the walls of the shops are connected by tiles, and the houses are adjacent to each other, extending to the streets, and then they are called "Saban Street" by people in he cheng. This shows the prosperity of the family in those days, and also shows Sassan's contribution to the development of he cheng.

What can reflect the operating status of Saxony SmithKline in that year is the purchase of goods. At that time, the "Shawancheng" firm, except candy and cakes made by workshops, purchased other commodities such as "Mobil foreign oil" and "Swire white sugar" from Nanjing. According to the old man's memory, he usually buys goods once every two months. The ship receiving the goods directly arrives at Jinzhou Jinhekou Wharf from Nanjing Xiaguan Wharf. After the goods are unloaded at the dock, they are repackaged with a wheelbarrow and transported to the warehouse of the "Shawan City" firm in the city. From Jinhekou Wharf to Shili Changdi in Hezhou County, the wheelbarrow couldn't see the tail from the beginning, and farmers stopped to watch along the way and told each other: "Sawan City has purchased goods again!"

The most unforgettable thing is the marriage between the three and two children. At that time, two exchange relatives, that is, the daughter (three) of three parents, married the Yu family, and Yu's daughter (Yu) married the three families (the third son, Ying Chang). "Sawancheng" and "Yu Guangyuan" were two famous firms at that time, and they were called the leaders in the state-owned commercial circles. Two families in Yu Sa, married to their daughters and daughters, are happy and worth celebrating. It's really a perfect match. The drums are ringing, the horns are ringing, the firecrackers are ringing, the voices are boiling, it is deafening, and the grand occasion is unprecedented. The scene and style are unprecedented for Hezhou, and the old people are still talking about the old things after many years.

Third, refuse to resist Japan and add glory.

The Saskatchewan family in Hezhou has a deep-rooted national hatred and family feud with the Japanese invaders. At the historical juncture of national peril, the whole family plunged into the torrent of national war of resistance. Some fight in front, some sweat in the rear, some become famous at one stroke, and some rebel silently. Examples abound in this regard.

Sa Beining's fourth grandfather (uncle) Sa Shui Ying joined the Wuhan wartime cadre service corps at the age of 19, and died heroically in the war at the age of 22, giving his young life. "Where did the guests come from? Sa Beining "mentioned his name, so that future generations can remember him.

There is also a woman named Sahui (Huiying) who participated in the "War Regiment". According to seniority, she is Sai Yingshui's niece. She is not in Wuhan, but in Yichang. Sa Huiying was born in Hezhou. She ran away from home for resisting feudal arranged marriage. Under the influence of progressive young man Mai Dejun, he joined the anti-Japanese team on 1936. They joined the Field Cadre Service Corps in Yichang, Hubei Province, and publicized the anti-Japanese war with patriotic exiled youths all over the country every day. 1937, she married Mai Dejun and moved to Chongqing, Xi 'an and other places. Her husband was killed by the Kuomintang in 1945 because he took part in the revolution. Sa Huiying, who is less than 30 years old, returned to Hezhou with three underage children. She reorganized her family's declining business, assisted her husband's buyers in shipping, and transported goods between Nanjing and Jinhekou Wharf in Hexian County. Later, he was engaged in road transportation, and 1947 founded Hehan Automobile Transportation Company and served as the chairman. In memory of her husband, she always used her husband's surname as "buying English". Then the land was sold to invest in the construction of the expressway, and 1949 the expressway was taken over by the state after liberation. This history of building and including expressways is recorded in the traffic records of Chaohu area. Sa Huiying deserves to be the heroine of Sa's family.

Sa Yingrui, the second son of Safuqing, the old shopkeeper of Shawan City, opened the Shawan component number in Hanshan in his early years and concurrently served as the president of Hehan County Chamber of Commerce. After the fall of Hexian County, the Japanese wanted to set up a maintenance meeting in Hexian County, and specially chose Sa Yingrui as the president. The family business created by several generations was destroyed by Japanese bombing, and national hatred and family hatred were in their hearts. Sa Yingrui angrily refused. He fled lotus town with his family, hid outside Shuiximen, and made a living by working with his sons (Shi Liang, Shi Xun and Shi Guang) or as a peddler.

Sa Yingzhen, the youngest daughter of Sa Fuqing, risked her life to buy antibiotics and other medicines for the New Fourth Army.

In particular, Sa Shiliang, the eldest son of Sa Yingrui (the grandson of Sa Fuqing), couldn't bear the humiliation of the Japanese invaders and left his hometown to become a soldier of the Chinese Expeditionary Force. A few years ago, around the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the historical fact that Sashiliang joined the Chinese Expeditionary Force was discovered, and he became an "internet celebrity" for a time. His story is full of twists and turns.

The children of the poor are in charge early, and the children and grandchildren of businessmen love to travel. Saxiliang, who grew up in a business environment. /kloc-when he was 0/2 years old, he went to Shanghai as an apprentice alone and returned to Hezhou with the refugees in the "Songhu Anti-Japanese War". In order to eat as a soldier and take revenge on Japan, he went to Lu 'an, Anhui Province and joined the Kuomintang army. When I was an orderly in Xi 'an, I suffered from hunger and discrimination, so I found a chance to escape and became a deserter. From Zhong Nanshan to Shaanxi Wudu, and then to Baoji, drifting, drifting. I found a third uncle battalion commander in Baoji, studied driving with my master, and then worked as a car driver in the Fifth Squadron of Northwest Highway Bureau.

At that time, hitchhiking from Baoji to Chengdu required 15 gold. Once he drove to Chongqing to visit his cousin Sahuiying. Sister Huiying opened a shop in Hezhou or went to a foreign land and did a lot for her family. Sa Shiliang was very close to her cousin, so she gave her some gold to buy rice to express her gratitude and brought bad luck. The military bureau arrested him for smuggling, and all his cars and licenses were confiscated. After being detained for several months, he was transferred to Zhazidong and continued to be detained. Although he was released later, his car was confiscated and he embarked on the road of wandering again.

Becoming a member of the Chinese expeditionary force is largely accidental. When Sashiliang was in Chongqing, an Anhui man was the director of the Ministry of Construction of the Kuomintang. He helped the director repair an imported car that was in disrepair, and the director left him as a driver. Later, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and the Pacific War broke out. China, the United States and Britain became allies, and China sent an expeditionary force to fight abroad. In order to supplement the army, the national government widely mobilized students to join the army, and he signed up for the student army with full anti-Japanese patriotic enthusiasm.

After the student army was trained, it chose to go, and Sashiliang chose to go to India. 1943 In the spring, I took a boat, changed to a car, and then took the US military transport plane, and flew to the Tingjiang River in India along the famous hump route. Fifty or sixty soldiers of the Chinese Expeditionary Force cleaned and changed clothes at the US military base, took the train to Calcutta and transferred to Ramga. Ramga is a remote town far from the city in Bihar, northeastern India. The famous allied base camp is here, and the headquarters and training base of Indian troops in China are also here. Sashiliang stayed in Ramga for more than a year.

With his driving skills, Sarshiliang was assigned to the 4th Battalion of Indian China Chariot. 1943 10, China Expeditionary Force Chariot School was formally established in Ramga, and Sa Shiliang became an assistant instructor. Thanks to the joint efforts of Chinese and American officers and men, batches of tank and armored vehicle drivers have been trained and sent to the anti-Japanese front in Myanmar. 1944 65438+ 10, the first armored force of China appeared in the Hu Kang river basin, and its combat effectiveness was greatly improved. China's brave soldiers, the advanced weapons and equipment of the United States, and the invincible China army were stationed in Myanmar after liberation, which restored the Yunnan-Myanmar highway transportation line and contributed to the final victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/944, the Japanese army invaded Dushan, Guizhou, and Guiyang was in a hurry. The Kuomintang urgently sent student troops back to China. They flew back to Yunnan from India and were ordered to go to Guiyang. However, because the tank tonnage was too heavy to cross the bridge, two tanks weighing 15 tons eventually fell into the river. The soldiers who lost their tanks found their livelihood and broke up. Sashiliang followed the fifth regiment of the Kuomintang Army Artillery Corps to Guiyang, where he got married and started a family. 1In August, 945, Japan surrendered and won the Anti-Japanese War. At this time, my wife was pregnant. In order to earn money to support her family, she went to Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province to pick up the car, and then she went to Liuzhou, Hong Kong and Hainan Island. She found herself cheated, and the tie was actually a Kuomintang soldier. In Hainan Island, Sa Shiliang was framed and imprisoned, and then transferred to Panyu Prison in Guangzhou.

/kloc-in the spring of 0/949, the People's Liberation Army hit Guangdong, and Sa Shiliang was rescued from prison. He made the most important choice in his life. He didn't get the money to go home, but stayed in the 15th Corps of the People's Liberation Army, with Deng Hua as the commander. Sa Shiliang is still doing his old job and driving. His initial task was to transport weapons and ammunition to Huaxian County, and he eventually became a member of the China People's Liberation Army.

Looking back on Sashiliang's life, it can be described as "full of troubles", but in the end he "robbed the waves and ushered in the light". He is an ordinary soldier whether he joins the Chinese Expeditionary Force or the People's Liberation Army. There is no battlefield in blood shed, and there is no outstanding military exploits, but like thousands of ordinary soldiers in Qian Qian, he has a real life and made contributions to the cause of national liberation. Sa Shiliang was transferred to Hengyang Railway Bureau and later settled in Liuzhou, Guangxi. Many of his relatives are in Hexian County, and his nephew lives in Maanshan City.

Four and the Saskatchewan family.

Sa Beining once said with emotion, "I found that the process of leaving my hometown has never stopped, and it may go further and further. We will always be on the road and never look back, but don't forget that the roots are there. " This is not Sa Beining's personal feelings, but his * * * sympathy as a vagrant who shares the same fate with him, which is also our deep feelings in this family survey.

Sa Beining came to the county to seek his roots. Over the past seven or eight decades, grandchildren have come to look for traces of their grandparents' lives. Things have changed, times have changed. It's too long to continue. In vain is inevitable. Saskatchewan families are non-rural families. People who do business have low dependence on regions. They will take advantage of this and find ways to make money. The family will do business with them, and the Sa family will run around and run far away.

Far away from home, it is difficult to return home, and I am homesick. In the interview, little can be explained about Saskatchewan's genealogy and generation, and many things are unclear. First, because there is no genealogy, family members are too scattered, and no one continues the genealogy; The second is that the family is big, with many branches, less walking and loose contact; Third, some names have no substitute characters, and some use numbers without names, so that future generations cannot consult them; Fourth, in the old society, Hui people wanted to marry Hui people, but they were not allowed to marry Han people. The restriction of intermarriage leads to narrow mate selection, frequent confusion between generations, and indirect contact. Anyway, they are all relatives, and they all call each other cousins in the end. The old man interviewed plausibly said: "The rules and regulations of the state surnamed Sa are all family." This general statement, though helpless, is true This embarrassment of the Saskatchewan family exists in many families.

Tracing back to the source, recalling the past, we are exposed to very enthusiastic family descendants. We use modern communication means such as telephone and video to find relatives scattered all over the country and understand the past and present situation. This family, who has lived in Hezhou for hundreds of years, has spread all over the motherland; This ethnic minority family with a unique surname has been integrated into the big family of the Chinese nation. Among them, there are many outstanding figures, such as Sa Lu Ying, a professor at Nanjing Southeast University and a famous boiler expert; Sa Fu Ying, senior engineer and electrodialysis water treatment expert of Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry; Conductor and composer Sa Shibin; And Sa Beining, the famous host of CCTV. Undoubtedly bring honor to this family. The clan with the surname "Sa" is doomed to meet in different places, and their kinship remains unchanged. For example, in the 1970s, Sa Huiwen, the youngest granddaughter of Sa Fuqing, went to Wuhan from Liuzhou to attend a material exchange meeting and met with Sa Beining's uncle, Master Sa. Forty years ago, the two eloped, and forty years later, they met unexpectedly. Both families were extremely surprised. Sa Shi Gui, the younger brother of Master Sa, has a son Sabinin and a daughter sabine. When I met a clansman in another country, Master was very happy and named Huiwen's daughter Sa Bei Ni. Sabena and Bei Ni, two flowers in a family, continue the family relationship and spread stories. Wuhan and Liuzhou keep close contact. In addition, Sa Beining went to Liuzhou, Guangxi to inspect the rural primary education, and Sa Zhong Min, the son of Sa Shiliang, also gave great assistance. Sa Beining came to Anhui and County for root-seeking investigation, accompanied by Shaman Li of the last two generations. The sky is far away, and the blood and family can be crossed.

Tracing back to the source and looking for traces on the spot, Mr. Sa Zhongming pointed out the way for us to find traces of time. The slate streets and lanes of that year have disappeared, and there is no trace of our ancestors' life in the downtown area. We walked through the crowded and messy building alleys and asked about the face everywhere. In the deepest part of the narrow lane, Lao Zhongmanming opened an old house, full of vicissitudes of Xiaoqing bricks and tiles, a whole bluestone threshold, a dusty dark indoor partition, and an abandoned yard overgrown with weeds. This is the only surviving old residence of the Saskatchewan family, which has been designated as a dangerous building and is waiting to be demolished. Walking out of the old house is "Mianjiang Street". There are only two or three households left here, which basically exist in name only. While taking photos with mobile phones, people lament that the times are developing too fast.

On the way to the county to find roots, we came to Zhenhuaifu more than once, boarded this landmark building, overlooked the building and thought. Zhenhuaifu, like a caring grandmother who has gone through many vicissitudes, embraces her children and grandchildren with a broad mind. Cherish the house, remember the tears of people who left their homes, and cherish the photos of children smiling after a long separation. Facing Zhenhuaifu, the Sa family poured out their hearts. No matter where you go in the future, you will never forget your hometown in Hexian County. No matter where you take root, you should stick to the words "harmony, harmony, suitability, world, loyalty, generosity, communication and home" and always remember the meaning of home.

Remarks:

In the process of investigation and writing, this paper got the information and help from Samulan, Sa Huiwen, Sa Hui Ling, Sa Zhongming, Sa Zhongquan, Sa Jinwen, Shamanli, etc., and I would like to thank you. In addition, he also used information such as He County Records. After the first draft was completed, I made an "American article" to solicit the opinions of my family's WeChat group, which was forwarded by many official WeChat accounts on the Internet, and the response was relatively strong. The supplementary amendments put forward by the Sa nationality were basically adopted.

Family is like a century-old tree, intertwined and flourishing. Although we have tried our best, we have solicited opinions and made amendments, but mistakes and omissions are inevitable. Please correct me.