What problems still exist in the centralized monitoring system?

Hello, this is a good question. As far as I know, there are three monitoring systems: Huawei, Datang and ZTE. I saw such an article on the Internet recently, and I will give it to you now. I hope it helps you!

As a high-tech maintenance means and advanced management mode, centralized monitoring system has been widely promoted in the national telecommunications industry. The application of centralized monitoring technology of communication power supply in communication power supply indicates that the maintenance management of communication power supply has changed from manual duty maintenance management mode to computer centralized monitoring management mode. Power supply, environment and image monitoring system has become an indispensable means for unattended or unattended communication stations, which has played a role in reducing the workload of maintenance personnel and improving maintenance quality. The centralized monitoring system can not only provide four remote functions, but also intelligently process and analyze the collected data. The system software has flexible configuration functions, which can meet the maintenance needs of maintenance personnel and improve the maintenance level. Because of these incomparable advantages, centralized monitoring system will occupy an increasingly important position in the field of power maintenance. However, if centralized monitoring is to develop in a more automatic and intelligent direction, we still need to make continuous efforts.

Second, the existing problems in the current monitoring system and suggestions for improvement

1. Practical problems of monitoring system

Because new technologies, new processes and high-quality devices are widely used in the manufacture of communication power supply equipment, the reliability and automation of the monitoring system are greatly improved. For example, intelligent devices such as switching power supply equipment, UPS, diesel generator sets and non-intelligent devices such as valve-controlled batteries, which are widely used at present, have high reliability, providing better conditions for centralized monitoring and management of communication power supply equipment, and achieving the purpose of few people on duty and no one on duty. The reliability of communication power supply monitoring system is also very important, because the reliability of monitoring system directly affects the establishment and development of modern maintenance management system of communication power supply equipment, and whether it can improve the maintenance management level of communication power supply equipment and improve the quality of communication power supply, so as to achieve the goal of few people or no one. At present, the operation quality of many power equipments is ideal, and the mean time between failures (MTBF) of the system exceeds 654.38+ million hours. If the monitoring system can't meet the requirements of the controlled equipment, we still need to invest a lot of manpower and material resources to maintain the monitoring system under the condition that the power equipment is trouble-free, then the purpose of investing in the monitoring system can't be achieved. Therefore, on the basis of continuously improving the performance of the power supply monitoring system, more attention should be paid to improving the reliability of the monitoring system itself.

(1) The perfection of power monitoring system does not mean that there are many monitoring points, reports and data in the system. The author thinks that it is enough for the monitoring center to achieve centralized monitoring, centralized maintenance management and intelligent decision-making management.

(2) Communication and data transmission are important parts of the monitoring system. If there are problems in communication and transmission, the relevant parts will be out of control, which will seriously affect the reliability of the monitoring system. At present, the data transmission mode is 2M transmission line, and other services are protected by loop. However, due to hardware reasons, the centralized monitoring equipment can not achieve uplink and downlink interoperability, and can only be used in the form of links. Therefore, any base station in the link will have the problem of simultaneous transmission by the base station below it. For the power sector that relies more and more on power monitoring, this kind of fault is undoubtedly significant and dangerous, and the system itself should have the function of self-protection. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a safer and more reliable transmission mode when conditions permit, and at the same time, it is also possible to increase transmission channels for the equipment to improve its reliability, but this will increase the transmission cost of the monitoring system. In addition, in the communication mechanism, we should fully consider the influence of various interferences and errors from the outside world in the communication process, such as digital filtering, communication retransmission, safe and reliable digital verification methods, etc.

(3) The centralized monitoring system should have self-checking function. In the early stage of monitoring development, especially in the early stage of engineering construction, due to various reasons, the system itself caused a large number of fault alarms, misled the monitoring personnel on duty during the system operation, made the personnel on duty make wrong judgments, delayed the emergency repair time, and caused the work efficiency to decline. Therefore, the author thinks that the centralized monitoring system should have a self-checking process. After a fault occurs, it is first necessary to judge whether the fault is caused by the monitoring system itself or the monitored equipment, which is helpful for the personnel on duty to classify, fill in the correct fault repair report and speed up the fault handling process.

(4) Keep monitoring points or monitoring equipment with high accuracy, long MTBF and stable operation, and eliminate some components with high bit error rate and short MTBF time. For example, at present, the monitoring system of intelligent equipment is relatively stable, but the error rate of some monitoring signals transmitted by outsourced sensors and transmitters is high, which is related to the high failure rate of components, especially battery temperature standard. Can the data acquisition sensors of these monitoring points be fixed on the battery electrode like copper coils for measuring battery voltage? It is not necessary to collect the data of these monitoring points before finding a better battery temperature monitoring scheme, otherwise, the battery temperature has no practical significance for power maintenance without ensuring accurate data and alarm.

(5) The monitoring system software (and business desk) is the man-machine interface for the system to directly deal with maintenance personnel, so its ease of use and convenience are extremely important. The monitoring system is a network system with strong real-time requirements. In order to make the technical performance index of the monitoring system meet the requirements, the monitoring software must adopt a software platform suitable for large-scale real-time network systems, adopt more advanced means in the design of application software, and have a more advanced monitoring system development and testing environment.

2. Monitoring system network speed problem

With the continuous expansion of monitoring projects, there are more and more monitored devices and monitoring points, and there will inevitably be a lot of data to be processed, distributed, read and written into the database. Such a huge amount of data puts forward higher requirements for network bandwidth and server carrying capacity.

In my opinion, with the development of monitoring system in the future, the equipment responsible for the function of node communication machine should be undertaken by hardware system, and the end offices using serial communication should be dispersed in different front-end computer systems in order to respond to alarm information in time.

3. Image problem of monitoring system

As an important branch of power monitoring system, computer room image monitoring system does not need to be an independent system. If it can be integrated into the network management software of the business desk, the utilization rate of the image monitoring system will be greatly improved. The personnel on duty can adjust the camera through the network management service desk software, and monitor the unattended machine room, important power equipment indicator lights and data display screens in real time, so as to realize the real unattended or less attended office space.

However, with the integration of the two systems, huge image data will inevitably occupy a lot of transmission bandwidth, so it is imperative to broaden the network bandwidth of the system and improve the data processing ability of the system. In addition, because the image of the computer room environment is almost unchanged, it is different from the environment that requires high real-time image, such as banks and traffic checkpoints, so high-speed real-time transmission is not needed. We can appropriately reduce the number of frames transmitted by the image system per second to reduce the data flow.

4. Software problems of centralized monitoring system

As a man-machine interface, centralized monitoring software (network management system) is very important in operability and convenience, and the software system must also have high intelligence. The so-called high intelligence should include the following aspects:

(1) Polling and interrupt mechanism shall be adopted for data acquisition. When the system runs normally and the data changes little, the system reports the data at intervals by polling, or reports the data in real time when the network management center issues an inquiry command. When the equipment operation data suddenly changes, the system reports the data in time in the form of interruption. This not only reduces the data flow in the bus, but also ensures that important fault data will not be missed.

(2) The system has self-diagnosis function, that is, it can automatically judge whether the fault in the system is the fault of power equipment or the fault of the monitoring system itself.

(3) According to user's requirements, it can automatically generate various reports such as equipment failure times, failure types and failure distribution, providing reliable basis for equipment selection and failure analysis in the future.

(4) Equipment power consumption and load distribution in high and low peak periods are also issues that need attention in power maintenance in the future. The monitoring software should be able to count the monthly electricity consumption of each base station and exchange office according to the electricity consumption of the equipment, and make contributions to the rational distribution of electricity consumption time of power equipment and the company's income increase and expenditure reduction.

(5) An intelligent battery analysis module is implanted in the system to analyze the battery performance and form an analysis report by using the power-off process of the base station.

(6) The system can provide the basis and solutions for fault diagnosis and fault handling according to the previous fault handling experience.

(7) The dispatch list generated by the system should be able to circulate on the network. After the person responsible for the fault fills in the processing results, it can be archived by the system and stored in the database. When necessary, statistical reports can be generated for the dispatch list for query.

5. Openness of the system

(1) An excellent system must have good compatibility and strong expansibility. According to the development trend of telecom industry, the form of centralized network management will inevitably appear, so the centralized monitoring system of power supply, environment and image should be able to provide friendly program extension interfaces for other network management systems.

(2) The data of centralized monitoring system should be transmitted based on TCP/IP network protocol. As the core protocol of computer network system, TCP/IP protocol has corresponding solutions and correction methods for problems that affect communication in network communication, such as hardware failure, network congestion, packet delay or loss, data corruption, data duplication or disorder, etc. , which ensures the integrity of data packets and the reliability of sending and receiving. Because of the openness and wide application of TCP/IP protocol, we use Telnet to log in and access the data of the end office remotely. Under the networking form based on TCP/IP protocol, the above scheduling system will be more convenient to realize.

6. Management problems of monitoring system

The management of monitoring system is more important than the system itself, which can be summarized as follows:

(1) Maintenance of centralized monitoring system itself, including management of daily printing, communication, data storage, backup and peripheral equipment cleaning of centralized monitoring system.

(2) Centralized monitoring of power equipment fault handling process management displayed in the system, statistics and classification of historical data, objective evaluation of equipment operation parameters with detailed analysis reports, providing reliable basis for equipment fault handling and future equipment selection, including printing and archiving management of historical data and analysis reports.

(3) By analyzing and sorting out the historical data, we can find the potential safety hazards and faults in power equipment in advance, and take corresponding treatment measures to reduce the probability of faults, which are commonly called "pre-diagnosis" and "early warning". If we can manage this step well in advance, it will greatly improve the quality of our network operation and realize the reasonable management of equipment resources and human resources.

7. "Supervision" and "Control" of monitoring system

(1) At present, the monitoring system generally has more "monitoring" and less "control", and the number of monitoring points is far greater than the number of control points. According to dialectical thought, the two functions of the monitoring system should complement each other and be indispensable, and there are as many control quantities as there are monitoring quantities.

(2) In practice, the control quantity is often more important than the monitoring quantity. Even though we know that power equipment or environmental parameters are beyond their normal range during operation, if the operating state of the equipment cannot be changed by effective means, it is impossible to deal with the fault at all, and the monitoring of the equipment often becomes a flashy display. For a simple example, when the attendant finds that the ambient temperature of a base station is too high, he can solve the problem by controlling the switch of the air conditioner or lowering the temperature setting of the air conditioner. Assuming that the monitoring system has no control quantity, then we can only inform the maintenance agent to go to the base station to turn on the air conditioner or lower the air conditioner temperature setting. This method not only delays the fault handling time, but also wastes human resources, which is not desirable. Therefore, the monitoring system should consider the balanced development of "supervision" and "control", and don't ignore the importance of "control" while "supervision".

8. The problem of electromagnetic interference

At present, the application of digital technology is becoming more and more common, and the electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious, especially the front-end acquisition part of the monitoring system, which is placed on the site of power equipment, and is more easily affected. The electromagnetic interference of general monitoring system comes from inside and outside the computer. Computer internal interference includes signal reflection, high-frequency circuit radiation, component noise, parasitic coupling and so on. Interference from outside the computer includes interference from electrical equipment (such as switching shock, electromagnetic radiation interference, electrical equipment discharge) and natural interference (such as lightning, electromagnetic pulse, electrostatic interference).

It is estimated that the phenomenon of programmed flight that can be solved by resetting after monitoring failure of many base stations is also one of the reasons of electromagnetic interference, so anti-interference is also an important topic of monitoring system. Computer anti-interference measures of monitoring system usually include:

(1) The reasonable arrangement of components and wiring is considered in the manufacture of computer internal circuit boards, and the interference of internal circuits is reduced through isolation, separation and orientation.

(2) Deal with the direction of power feeder and through conductor in the machine, reasonably design the electrical connection between the ground wire system and various parts, and eliminate and suppress electromagnetic and electrostatic interference.

(3) Use filters and decoupling circuits to prevent or reduce the interference to the circuit.

(4) Using shielding and isolation means to prevent or reduce direct electromagnetic interference.

(5) Good grounding mode can prevent or reduce the interference of electromagnetism and lightning.

(6) Software digital filtering can prevent or reduce the interference of electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic pulse on the channel.

(7) Software and hardware watchdog can prevent programs from flying away due to electromagnetic interference.

Development prospect of four centralized monitoring systems

1.GPS positioning system is applied to centralized monitoring oil engine dispatching system.

Due to the geometric growth of Zhejiang's economy, the power supply can't keep up with the pace of industrial economy, and the increase of power gap leads to more and more serious power outages at base stations. How to reasonably manage mobile oil engines to participate in power outage repair, fully tap the potential of oil engines and ensure the safety of base station network operation is an urgent problem to be solved at present and in the future. At present, the oil tanker scheduling only informs the power generation agent according to the DC voltage of the base station in priority order, but it is still unknown whether the oil tanker has chosen the most reasonable route and solved the power demand of the base station equipment in time. Therefore, it is necessary for the dispatcher on duty to master the detailed actions of each mobile oil tanker.

Imagine that the ideal scheduling system should be like this:

Taking Wenzhou as an example, on a high-definition TV wall, the background of the TV wall shows the map of Wenzhou counties and cities in detail, and the configuration components of each base station are displayed in the corresponding position of the map according to the actual geographical location. According to the information sent back by the GPS positioning system, each mobile oil engine is also clearly displayed in the corresponding position on the map. According to the information on the TV wall, the DC voltage of the base station and the geographical location of the mobile oil machine, the dispatcher on duty determines the base station that needs urgent repair and the most reasonable oil machine emergency repair route recently, issues dispatching instructions in an orderly manner, and arranges maintenance personnel to carry out emergency repair work for power generation.

2. Browser-based monitoring software will appear.

With the expansion of the Internet, more and more people are used to using browsers, and the functions of browsers and HTML are becoming more and more powerful. In the future, all browser-based monitoring console software will appear. The software is made on the server in the form of homepage and adopts C/S configuration mode. The monitoring service station only needs a computer with a browser to monitor, and all the functions of the monitoring software can be realized. The service station only needs to send a request to the server, and the server will provide real-time data and alarm prompts requested by the service station after responding. The monitoring service desk does not need to install special software, and any computer with a browser can monitor it, and all software functions are concentrated on the server. This makes the organization and configuration of monitoring center very simple, and it is easy to plan and expand the system.