Main achievements of Chuxiong Center for Disease Control and Prevention

(A) prevention first, to protect health

At the beginning of the establishment of Chuxiong Prefecture, due to historical reasons and the limitations of economic and medical conditions at that time, various infectious diseases were rampant. Smallpox, measles, malaria, diphtheria, whooping cough, typhoid fever, sexually transmitted diseases, leprosy, tuberculosis and endemic goiter are widely prevalent in the whole state. Over the past 50 years, through the efforts of the majority of health and epidemic prevention workers in Quanzhou, smallpox has not only been eliminated, plague has been controlled, and other infectious diseases have also been effectively controlled, and the incidence rate has dropped significantly.

1, adhere to the policy of "prevention first, combining prevention with treatment" and the principles of prevention and treatment of key diseases, prevention in key areas and protection of key populations, and conscientiously implement various measures for prevention and control of infectious diseases, so that the total incidence of acute infectious diseases in Quanzhou has dropped significantly. From 1958 to 366 1.32/ 1 10,000, it decreased to 1997 to 276.71110,000 (compared with 1958, it decreased by 90%.

& oslash Compared with 1997 in 2007, the incidence of meningitis decreased by 100%, anthrax by 94.44%, measles by 88.43%, malaria by 70.64%, scarlet fever by 66.67%, dysentery by 63.28% and viral hepatitis by 23%. There has been no cholera epidemic in Quanzhou for five consecutive years since 2002.

2. The work of planned immunization has been consolidated and developed, the vaccination rate and quality have been continuously improved, and the incidence of diseases targeted by planned immunization has been reduced year by year and effectively controlled. 1988, 1990, 1995, the provincial, county and township levels respectively achieved 85% of the national immunization targets, and the national epidemic prevention station and 10 county and city epidemic prevention station were awarded the honorary title of "making remarkable contributions to reaching the planned immunization standards" by the provincial government. The vaccination rate of "Four Vaccines" increased from 90% in 1989 to more than 95% in 2007, and the incidence of diseases targeted by planned immunization decreased significantly. From 1989 to now, there is no case of polio in our state, and there is no case of diphtheria or pertussis after 1995 and 1997. In 2007, compared with 1997, the incidence of measles decreased by 88.32%, the epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis decreased by 100%, and the death rate of Japanese encephalitis decreased by 100%. At the same time, the number of vaccines included in children's planned immunization management is gradually increasing, from "four vaccines against six diseases" before 2002 to "seven vaccines against nine diseases" in 2007, namely BCG vaccine, measles vaccine, polio vaccine, DTP vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine. From 2004 to 2007, according to the epidemic situation, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention organized 680,000 person-times of second-class vaccines in a planned way, further establishing and consolidating an effective immune barrier. The comprehensive and effective implementation of planned immunization and the popularization and use of the second-class vaccine have played an extremely important role in improving the health quality of our population, especially children.

3. AIDS is called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which is abbreviated as AIDS in English. It is a serious infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Since the first case of AIDS was reported in 198 1 USA, it has spread to all countries in the world, with a rapid spread. China ranks second in Asia in the number of people infected with HIV. Our province is the hardest hit area of AIDS in China. Since 199 1, Chuxiong epidemic prevention station has carried out routine AIDS surveillance, mainly targeting drug users, promiscuous people, waiters in special industries, reeducation-through-labor personnel, blood donors, importers of blood and blood products, etc. 12. 1995 HIV infection was first discovered in our state. Since 1996, 200 1, HIV infection was detected in pregnant women for the first time. During the period from 199 1 to 17 in 2007, Quanzhou * * * monitored nearly 250,000 people of all kinds, informed, visited, filed, managed and intervened HIV-infected people who met the requirements of the national antiviral treatment plan, and made referrals and free antiviral treatment. Through the concerted efforts of all departments and the extensive participation of society, the national AIDS publicity has achieved remarkable results, with the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control knowledge reaching 92. 16% for urban population and 58.6% for rural population; The awareness rate of AIDS prevention knowledge among medical staff was 100%, and the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and blood donation among students was 93. 16%. The awareness rate of new high school students about AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases is 98%, and the awareness rate of unpaid blood donation is 90%. The awareness rate of AIDS prevention knowledge among high-risk groups in entertainment places reached 85.9%; The broad masses of the people have a deeper understanding of the harm of AIDS and the knowledge of prevention and treatment, and their consciousness of consciously preventing and treating AIDS has gradually formed.

Tuberculosis is an ancient chronic infectious disease. 1993, the world health organization declared for the first time that "global tuberculosis is in a state of emergency", taking tuberculosis cases as one of the infectious diseases under key control. China is one of the 22 countries with high burden of tuberculosis in the world, ranking second in the world after India. On June 5438+February 2, 2000, the State Council announced to the world that China had fulfilled its international commitment to curb the epidemic of tuberculosis, issued the National Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Plan (200 1-20 10), and cooperated with the international community to implement a series of tuberculosis control projects. 1998 In 2002, Mouding County, our state implemented "Strengthening and Promoting Tuberculosis Control Project in Yunnan Province" and "Tuberculosis Control Project of the Ministry of Health", and found, treated and managed tuberculosis patients 183 people; In August, 2000, a joint tuberculosis investigation team composed of doctors from provincial, state and municipal epidemic prevention stations and township hospitals conducted a general survey and clue investigation on 16023 people in Daguokou Township, Chuxiong City, and treated and managed 40 tuberculosis patients found16023. Since 2002, Chuxiong Prefecture has extensively carried out tuberculosis prevention and control work in the whole state by using World Bank loan/British grant and Japanese government's free aid (Health X Project), global fund tuberculosis control project (the first and fourth rounds), central finance, central transfer payment and other project funds. The implementation of the project and the mutual supplement of project funds have made the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in our state enter a brand-new stage. As of April, 2004, there are 10 counties and cities in Chuxiong that have started the satellite X project, and the coverage rate of DOTS strategy has reached 100%, which meets the project requirements ahead of schedule. During the implementation of the project from 2004 to 2007, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention trained 706 people in TB prevention and project management *** 14. By strengthening grassroots training, the professional level of tuberculosis prevention and control personnel in our state has been improved, and the smooth implementation of the project has been ensured. Through the implementation of tuberculosis control project from 2002 to 2007, a large number of tuberculosis patients were found and cured, which promoted the harmonious economic and social development of Chuxiong Prefecture.

Leprosy was very popular in the early days of the People's Republic of China, and cases were reported in every township. After years of investigation and treatment, especially the implementation of combined chemotherapy, the incidence rate dropped from 1958 to 1997, a decrease of 92%, and in 2007, it decreased by 48% compared with 1997, the treatment rate of leprosy, the regular medication rate and so on. The prevention and control of leprosy in Quanzhou has been inspected by the International Health Organization and the Ministry of Health for many times, and it has been highly appraised and praised. The National Epidemic Prevention Station was awarded the honorary title of "Advanced Group of Leprosy Prevention and Control" by the Ministry of Health. In 2007, the project officials of the Italian Leprosy Prevention and Control Association once again supervised and inspected the leprosy prevention and control work in Yuanmou, Lufeng AIFO project county and Chuxiong CDC, and spoke highly of the leprosy prevention and control work in our state.

6. Keshan disease is an endemic cardiomyopathy with unknown causes, also known as Chu heart disease. Since 1960 was discovered in Liuhe District of Chuxiong City, it has been popular for more than 40 years. Keshan disease areas in Chuxiong Prefecture are widely distributed, with serious illness and high mortality rate, which is one of the serious Keshan disease areas in Chinese history. Through long-term research and practice, preventive measures of oral sodium selenite were popularized in 1977 Chuxiong prefecture. By 1997, the cumulative number of selenium supplements in Quanzhou was1390,000, and the incidence of Keshan disease in Quanzhou ranged from 1974 to 2 1.59/65438+. Through preventive medication and the implementation of comprehensive prevention and control measures, the ratio of oral sodium selenite in Quanzhou in 2007 decreased by 59.5% 1997; Through the monitoring of Keshan disease in five counties at ministerial level, provincial level, prefecture level and county level, the detection rate of Keshan disease decreased year by year, and in 2007, the detection rate was significantly lower than 1997, and some counties were not detected. Completed the "Five-year Dynamic Outcome Monitoring Research of Keshan Disease in Chuxiong Prefecture" and won the third prize of the Science and Education Association of the Provincial Health Department.

7. Since1991year, unexplained sudden death (formerly known as Yunnan fulminant viral myocarditis, Yunnan fulminant endemic myocarditis, Yunnan fulminant myocarditis and Yunnan unexplained sudden cardiac death) has occurred in Dayao, Lufeng, Mouding, Chuxiong, Nanhua and Yongren counties of our state. The epidemic broke out in spots, with acute onset, heavy death and high morbidity and mortality, which attracted the attention of governments at all levels. For several years in a row, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention actively organized relevant technical personnel to cooperate with the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention and control institutions at the provincial level to conduct epidemiological investigations on epidemic spots, and to guide environmental disinfection and comprehensive prevention and control of epidemic spots. With the joint efforts of the state, province, prefecture and county, some achievements have been made in monitoring and prevention. 1997 completed the project of "screening research on the causes of acute myocarditis outbreak in Chuxiong area", and in 2007 completed the project of "similarities and differences between sudden cardiac death and Keshan disease in Yunnan", and won the third prize of national scientific and technological progress.

8. 1978 investigated endemic goiter for the first time, and found out the patients 14263 people. By the end of 1994, 10 counties and cities had reached the national basic control standards by strengthening the prevention and control measures such as iodizing salt, improving water and preventive medication. 1In 1997, a monitoring station of 1 1 iodized salt was set up in Quanzhou, and 8825 salt samples were monitored, of which 7925 were qualified, with a qualified rate of 89.8%. * * * 4 1200 people took iodized oil capsules. The goiter rate of adults in Yuanmou and Wuding was 0.2 1%, and that of students in Chuxiong was 4.46%. Completed the research on prevention and treatment of endemic goiter by supplementing iodine and selenium, and won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress. 10 years, through the unremitting efforts of government departments and disease control departments at all levels, the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved gratifying results. In 2007, 2,962 samples of iodized salt were monitored. The rate of non-iodized salt was 0.20%, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.80%, the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98. 14%, and the edible rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.94%. The onychomycosis rate of students aged 8- 10 was 0.33%, and the pass rate of questionnaire survey among students and housewives was greatly improved compared with that of 1997.

9. The prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Chuxiong Prefecture started from 1956. Through a thorough investigation in the whole state, Chuxiong City and Lufeng County were identified as endemic areas of schistosomiasis. After years of prevention and control, Lufeng County and Chuxiong City reached the national basic elimination standard in 1985 and 1986 respectively, and entered the monitoring and management stage. After 1986, no new cases of schistosomiasis were found in two counties. 1993, our state has reached the standard of schistosomiasis transmission interruption. Up to now, snail survey, snail control, disease investigation and treatment have been carried out every year, and no positive snails, newly infected patients and newly infected animals have been found. The existing 10 cases of advanced schistosomiasis are no longer contagious.

(2) Prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases

1, prevention and treatment of SARS: June 2002, 1 1, the first case of atypical pneumonia was found and reported in Guangdong Province, China. This infectious disease with unknown causes quickly spread to Beijing, Hong Kong and other regions. According to the national epidemic situation and the requirements of Chuxiong SARS Prevention and Control Plan, Chuxiong CDC arranged a special person to be on duty for 24 hours from April 23, 2003, adjusted and strengthened the disaster emergency team, formulated responsibilities and workflow, and took active measures to effectively prevent the occurrence of SARS in our state. First, buy and store 6.5438+0.5 million yuan of disinfection drugs, instruments and personal protective equipment; Second, actively carry out professional and technical personnel training and extensive and in-depth publicity and education activities to raise public awareness of health protection; Third, send professional and technical personnel to guide public places and schools to carry out the prevention and disinfection of atypical pneumonia; Fourth, the "Prevention Plan for SARS of Chuxiong Center for Disease Control and Prevention" was formulated, which further clarified the organization, preventive measures, diagnosis basis, on-site treatment steps, and epidemic reporting system and flow of the epidemic situation. Fifth, the state-wide disease control institutions carry out epidemic monitoring and reporting, set up checkpoints to monitor all major traffic routes entering the state, and register all personnel (returning students, migrant workers, etc.) entering Chuxiong. ), measure the temperature of hotel and hotel check-in personnel, and implement preventive disinfection in public places; Sixth, the State Health Bureau organized a large-scale actual combat drill, which effectively improved the handling capacity of the emergency response team. In 2003, the prevention and control of SARS in Chuxiong Prefecture was inspected and supervised by leaders and experts from the Ministry of Health, the provincial government and the provincial health department, and was well received.

2. Prevention and control of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza: In June 2005, the epidemic situation and cases of avian influenza were discovered in Southeast Asia and Europe. According to the epidemic situation, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention strengthened the emergency preparedness for avian influenza, organized emergency team members and related medical staff to conduct business training for many times, and adhered to the 24-hour duty system. When the bird flu epidemic occurred in Hehua Village, Fumin Town, Chuxiong City, business personnel were dispatched to cooperate with the agricultural department to carry out epidemiological investigation and disinfection of suspected epidemic spots, and medical monitoring was carried out for close contacts. At the same time, cooperate with the state health bureau to train the directors of Quanzhou health centers on bird flu prevention and control knowledge, ensure the smooth information network of the epidemic situation, and report the epidemic situation according to the standardized procedures and requirements. Through the implementation of various measures, there have been no cases of human infection with avian influenza in China. At present, this work has turned to the monitoring stage.

(III) Emergency response to public health emergencies: As a specialized institution for disease prevention and control in our state, in order to effectively prevent, timely control and eliminate the hazards of various infectious diseases and public health emergencies, safeguard the health and life safety of the broad masses of people in our state, and maintain social stability, the State CDC pays special attention to the capacity building for emergency response to infectious diseases and public health emergencies, and gradually establishes and improves the epidemic control and emergency response system for public health emergencies. First, establish and improve the emergency mechanism of public health emergencies in disease control institutions. All disease control institutions in Quanzhou have set up leading groups, expert groups, logistics support groups and emergency response teams for epidemic management and public health emergencies, with more than 300 members. Second, adhere to the 24-hour epidemic situation and emergency duty system; The third is to improve the storage, management and guarantee of personal protective equipment and disinfection drugs and equipment for emergency disposal. In 2007, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention equipped 60 sets of personal protective equipment according to Class II and III protection standards, and newly purchased 10 sets of protective equipment for health monitoring and emergency treatment. The total value of sterilized drugs and equipment was 65,438+10,000 yuan, which was strictly managed and regularly checked and replaced by special personnel to ensure timely and effective logistics supply. Fourth, strengthen epidemic monitoring and management, further improve the epidemic reporting network, improve the epidemic reporting system, and improve the quality of epidemic reporting. Over the years, state and county disease control agencies have insisted that the epidemic situation is the order and the epidemic area is the battlefield. Under the leadership of party committees, governments and health administrative departments at all levels, many major infectious diseases and public health emergencies have been successfully extinguished and disposed of. Such as: 1995 strong earthquake with magnitude 6.5 in Wuding county, two strong earthquakes in Dayao county in 2003, occupational poisoning incident in central Yunnan copper smelter in 2003, 1994-2006 5438+0 cholera outbreaks in Wuding county and Yuanmou county, avian influenza epidemic in Hehua village in Fumin town of Chuxiong city in 2005, and so-and-so in 2006.

(IV) Health information network construction: In order to comprehensively apply computer network technology, establish a health and epidemic prevention information database, and implement a fast, accurate and comprehensive epidemic reporting system covering townships, counties, prefectures, provinces and the Ministry of Health. With the support of the central government, the provincial CDC will uniformly distribute 15 computers (5 at the state level, each county (200 1 year) Provincial, state and county (city) health and epidemic prevention stations are connected with each other through ISDN to complete data transmission. The epidemic situation managers of state and county (city) centers for disease control and prevention *** 12 participated in the training of provincial centers for disease control and prevention, and on July 1 day, the network direct reporting of epidemic situation and public health emergencies was officially implemented, ending the long history of sending infectious disease epidemic report materials by the post office. In the past six years, the Quanzhou epidemic information network direct reporting system has been continuously upgraded and revised. By the end of 2007, the national, county, township and village four-level disease prevention and control system and the national, county and township three-level epidemic situation and public health emergencies information network direct reporting system have been improved and played an active role in disease prevention and control.

(V) Five major health monitoring and inspection: Before 2002, the state epidemic prevention station undertook five major health monitoring tasks in the whole state, and the five major health work was brought into the legal management track from the general ethical management, and the quality of the five major health work in the whole state was continuously improved. With the deepening of the health system reform and the promotion of the national disease prevention and control system, after the establishment of the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention on February 20, 2002, it paid more attention to and vigorously strengthened the five major health monitoring and testing work. The Quanzhou CDC further strengthened the construction of laboratory software and hardware, comprehensively promoted the laboratory metrological certification and quality control management, and strived to make the monitoring and testing capabilities of CDC at all levels meet the basic national requirements. Timely provide accurate and reliable inspection data for dealing with public health emergencies such as major epidemics, food poisoning and occupational poisoning, and also provide scientific basis for health administrative law enforcement.

(6) Basic scientific research training and guidance services: from 1997 to now, there are 19 scientific research achievements of the state CDC, including 2 third-class awards for scientific and technological progress of the provincial government, 3 third-class awards for science and technology association of the provincial health department, 2 first-class awards for scientific and technological progress of the state people's government, 2 second-class awards and 3 third-class awards 10; * * * Published 20 1 scientific papers in medical journals above the national level, including 96 national journals, 90 provincial and ministerial journals, and 0/5 municipal journals. From 2004 to 2007, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention sent a total of 279 people to participate in the study and training at or above the provincial level 175 classes; Held 76 training courses of various types, and trained 3,465 grassroots business technicians free of charge; In 2007, * * * sent 525 people to the grassroots to guide and participate in various business work for 2974 days.