Where did the Temple Alliance in Song Dynasty take place today? (Historical experts enter)

Time: December of the first year of Jingdezhen, Song Zhenzong (1004).

Location: Yi Song County.

Characters:

With, Liao and Liao Shengzong's Long Xu and Song Tongping against Kou Zhun.

Background:

In the first year of Jingdezhen, Song Zhenzong (1004), Liao emperors Xiao Taihou and Lu Ye Long Xu led troops into the Song Dynasty in the name of recovering Waqiaoguan (now the old Nanguan in Xiongxian County, Hebei Province). Attack Suicheng, capture the Prophet Song alive, and attack Dingzhou. Song tackled Yunzhou to defend Wang Jizhong and Song Jun to defend the city. Song Tingchao wavered in the wild, and Zhenzong feared the enemy and wanted to move the capital to the south to flee. Wang Qinruo advocated moving the capital to Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, and Chen Yaomao advocated moving the capital to Yizhou, Sichuan Province. Due to the insistence of Kou Zhun and Bi, the Prime Ministers of Pingzhang, in desperation, they had to bid for the war in Guanzhou (now Puyang, Henan).

Process:

When the Liao army arrived in Dingzhou, the two armies confronted each other. Wang Jizhong took the opportunity to persuade Xiao Taihou to make peace with the Song Dynasty. Liao was afraid of being attacked between Scylla and Charybdis, and proposed peace talks, which was initially rejected by Zhenzong. 1 1 month, the Liao army was defeated by Song Jun in Shuozhou, and the Liao army of Kelan army failed to withdraw due to the problem of grain and grass. The main force of Liao army concentrated at the gate of Yingzhou (now Hejian, Hebei Province) and attacked the city day and night. Song Jun Shoujiang Ji bird's nest guarding the city, fighting for more than ten days. LiLin Xiao and Xiao Guanyin slaves led the army to conquer qi zhou, and Xiao Taihou and others led the army to join them to jointly attack Jizhou and Zhou Bei (now Qinghe, Hebei). Song Tingze "wrote a letter to the various overseers, and named the Tianxiong Army of the State Military Association". The Liao army conquered Deqing (now Qingfeng, Henan) and surrounded Yizhou on three sides. Song general Li Jilong guarded Yizhou City.

With courage, the United Army of Liao led dozens of Qingqi to patrol under Zhoucheng. Zhang Huan, general of Song Jun, shot an arrow in the head of LiLin Xiao, commander-in-chief of Liaoning Army, and the morale of Liaoning Army was frustrated. Xiao Taihou and others cried when they heard that Tal was dying, so they "stopped working for five days". "Liao History" contains: "There will be a battle with Song, and (Xiao) will be in the crossbow, and our soldiers (Liao soldiers) will lose their support and negotiate peace. Or is the sky tired of its chaos, so that people in the north and south can rest! " At this time, Song Zhenzong and his party arrived at the named state. Kou Zhun urged Song Zhenzong to board the tower in the northern city of Kuizhou to show his bid. "Long live the armies, with a reputation of dozens of miles and a huge momentum." .

Date and Representative of the Convention:

The two sides reached an armistice agreement in early1February, and Cao Liyong was in charge of negotiations with Xiao Taihou in Songting. At the beginning of the second year, a peace treaty was signed with Liao.

Contract content:

First, the Liao and Song Dynasties were brotherly countries, and the Emperor Sheng Zong of Liao was young, calling Song Zhenzong his brother, and later generations still looked down upon the world with contempt.

2. Taking Baigou River as the national border, the two sides withdrew their troops. (Liao returned to Song Suicheng and Ying and Mo Zhou. After that, all thieves and fugitives crossing the border must not stop hiding from each other. The city at the junction of the two dynasties is as usual, and there is no city god to build.

Third, provide100000 silver and 200000 silk to Liao every year. Delivery to Xiongzhou.

Four, the two sides set up a monopoly market at the border to carry out mutual trade.

After the conclusion of the Covenant, there was no large-scale war between Song and Liao for more than 100 years. Because Gezhou is also known as Ge Yuan, it is called "Ge Yuan League" in history.

Impact and significance:

At that time, Manchu eliminated a few warring factions, and all advised Zhenzong to move the capital to avoid the war, and finally reached an alliance with Kou Zhun's unparalleled courage. Compared with moving the capital, the 300,000-year tribute is nothing to mention. (At that time, the annual income of the Song Dynasty was more than 65,438+10,000 yuan, while the military expenditure of a medium-sized war in the Song Dynasty was as high as 30 million yuan. ) It is no exaggeration to reach the peak of the Northern Song Dynasty-Renzong Dynasty is even called the peak of China feudal society. The land in southern Liaoning was recovered, but the 30-year tribute and Fu Bi's promise of 200,000 yuan in the future were undoubtedly a big pie from the sky for the financially strapped Khitan. However, the Khitan had been friends with the Song Dynasty for a hundred years, and the Khitan fighters no longer went south. The pros and cons are clear at a glance.