1870 memorabilia

From 65438 to 0870, the roving exhibition school was born, and its founders were Ivan nikolayevich Kramskoi and Vasily Grigorevich. Pirov, Myasoyedov and others. They describe the beauty of Russian people's life, history and labor from the standpoint of democracy, show the people's desire for liberation, and expose and criticize the authoritarian political system. The creative ideas and methods of this painting school are completely opposite to those of the academic school. Anyone who participates in this organization and exhibits his works in the exhibition organized by this painting school is called a roving exhibition painter.

/kloc-in 0/870, balls and rackets with ropes made of feathers and cork appeared in England.

February 3-Amendment 15 of the US Constitution is passed, giving blacks the right to vote.

The Normandy sank.

On May 25th,1870-Irish autonomy movement broke out in Britain.

1June 2, 8701day-a religious case occurred in Tianjin.

1870 During April and May, there were many incidents of children missing and being kidnapped in Tianjin. At the beginning of June, the weather was hot and the epidemic was prevalent. Thirty or forty orphans died in the nursery. So people began to spread rumors that foreign nuns used nurseries as crutches, but in fact they kidnapped and killed children as medicinal materials. On June 20, Wu Lanzhen, a gangster handed over by residents to the government, was implicated in the confession of parishioner Wang Sanhe and the church. As a result, public resentment boiled, gentry gathered, academies closed, and anti-Westernization sentiment rose. On the morning of June 2 1, Liu Jie, a magistrate of a county in Tianjin, took Wu Lanzhen, a prisoner, to Wanghailou Catholic Church, and found that there was no Wang Sanqi in the church and no shed fence provided by Wu Lanzhen. Father Xie Gospel has also discussed with Chonghou how to deal with the aftermath of the nursery. But at that time, thousands of people surrounded the church, and the church staff quarreled with the onlookers, causing brick throwing and fighting. The French consul in Tianjin, Henri Fontanie (1830-1870), asked the Governor Chonghou to send troops to suppress it, but he did not get satisfactory results. On his way to church, he had an argument with Liu Jie, the magistrate of a county, and shot in a rage, unfortunately killing the servant of the magistrate of a county. The people were furious and killed Uncle Feng and his secretary Simon first. Later, 10 nuns, 2 priests, 2 other French consulate staff, 2 French nationals, 3 Russian nationals and more than 30 China believers were killed, and the French consulate, Wanghailou Catholic Church, Kindness Church and 4 Christian churches run by local British and American missionaries were burned down. The destruction lasted for three hours. On June 24, foreign warships came to Tianjin, and the ministers of the seven countries protested to the Prime Minister's yamen, led by France. The French initially demanded the execution of officials in charge of China, and the Qing Dynasty sent Zeng Guofan, governor of Zhili, to investigate and negotiate with the French. At that time, most officials in the imperial court thought that they should not give in to it and would not hesitate to fight, so the situation was tense. Considering the situation at that time, Zeng Guofan did not want to go to war with France. He first offered compensation to Britain, the United States and Russia so that he could finally negotiate with France alone. Later, after his investigation, he "confirmed" that there was no abduction or injury to children in the nursery, so at the request of the French side, he decided to finally execute 18 people (,Cui, Feng lame, etc. , the execution date was 10, 19), 25 people were exiled, and Zhang Guangzao, the magistrate of Tianjin, was released. But France accepted this condition, because the subsequent Franco-Prussian War made it unable to pay attention to oriental affairs.

July 13 to 19 —— 1870 Extraordinary Flood: Rare rainstorm occurred in the middle and lower reaches of Jialing River and the main stream of Yangtze River from Chongqing to Yichang.

July 19-The Franco-Prussian War broke out.

September 1- Franco-Prussian War: decisive battle.

September 2, Franco-Prussian War: Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte surrendered.

On September 4th, a revolution broke out in Paris, announcing the establishment of the * * * Republic, which is the third * * * Republic in French history.

Franco-Prussian War: Pu Jun surrounded Paris.

On September 20th, Italy occupied Rome and completed its unification.

65438+1October 27th-Franco-Prussian War: Marshal Bazin led his troops to surrender in Metz.

Belgian Dick invented the electric motor.