What industry is customs declaration?

Question 1: What industry does the customs broker belong to? It is mainly for import and export enterprises to go through customs clearance procedures for import and export goods, that is, in the process of international trade and transportation, import and export goods must be declared to the customs. A customs broker is usually associated with a freight forwarding company.

The main employees in the customs broker are customs declarers, who belong to the service industry. Such companies are generally established at the import and export ports of goods by sea, air and land, and there are many seaports in China, such as Shanghai, Ningbo, Tianjin, Wenzhou, Lianyungang, Xiamen and Shenzhen. The customs broker must be approved by the customs and registered in the industrial and commercial bureau.

Question 2: What is the situation of the customs declaration industry now? With the rapid development of import and export trade, the number of customs declaration enterprises is increasing, and the problems existing in service outsourcing in customs declaration industry are becoming increasingly prominent. Some customs declaration enterprises are eager for quick success and instant benefit, participate in vicious market competition and neglect management, which leads to enterprises being at a loss in complex market competition. Mainly in the following aspects: 1. The management level of customs declaration enterprises is uneven. With the continuous improvement of information management level of * * *, customs and the deepening of customs clearance operation reform, as well as the continuous improvement of market demand for timeliness of logistics services, the improvement of self-management level of customs declaration enterprises has become the key to improve their core competitiveness. Due to the low quality of managers and backward management concepts and methods, some customs declaration enterprises unilaterally pursue corporate profits and neglect to improve service quality, resulting in loose internal management, imperfect financial books and incomplete business documents. These problems have played a negative role in the orderly development of the whole industry. 2. The customs declaration industry has not formed an orderly and standardized market. Due to the lack of standardized price guidance and service standards in the customs declaration industry, Guangdong has a wide range of ports, a large number of customs declaration enterprises and many branches, which leads to fierce competition in the customs declaration industry. Some customs declaration enterprises adopt irregular business methods such as contracting, linking, renting platforms and seals, as well as unfair business methods such as high kickbacks, mutual price reduction and over-invoicing to attract tourists. Due to the low degree of competition, a considerable number of customs declaration enterprises still focus on price. As a result, the price of customs declaration market is chaotic and the efficiency of customs declaration enterprises is poor. 3. The quality of customs declaration practitioners cannot meet the needs of the development of the situation. The quality of customs declaration practitioners is the embodiment of the market competitiveness of customs declaration enterprises. It is understood that less than 30% of the two customs declaration enterprises in a certain area of Guangdong Province 12 have college education at the management decision-making level, and no more than 3% of the customs declarers, document transporters and other staff have college education. Customs declaration enterprises lack long-term business objectives, ignore the quality of employees, value goods over training, and employees lack a sense of loyalty and belonging to the enterprise. As a result, customs declarers attached themselves to other enterprises and cheated them with kickbacks. Due to the high error rate of declaration of import and export goods, customs officers at the scene need to spend a lot of energy to deal with the deletion and modification of documents, which greatly reduces the speed of customs clearance. 4. The ability of customs declaration enterprises to resist market risks is not strong. Due to the small scale of a considerable number of customs declaration companies, the market anti-risk ability is not strong, which can not meet the needs of China's customs declaration market in line with international standards. Customs declaration enterprises do not know much about the international and domestic customs declaration markets, national policies and regulations, commodity knowledge and other customs declaration businesses, and their adaptability is poor. For example, some customs declaration enterprises only have five or six customs declarers, and some still make up the number, resulting in a large turnover of personnel; There are 13 customs declaration enterprises in a certain area. Two enterprises collect more than 40,000 customs declarations a year, and five enterprises collect 1 10,000 votes a year. It is difficult to form a scale, and the economic benefits of enterprises are not good. 5. The state has insufficient management and policy support for the customs declaration industry. At present, our * * * department still lacks standardized management of customs declaration enterprises, and its functions are offside, absent and misplaced, which seems to be in the state of managing the customs declaration market. When it comes to rectifying the customs declaration market, the relevant competent departments of ports, foreign trade, industry and commerce, taxation, prices and so on are in charge, and then they leave it alone. The development of customs declaration industry must be supported by national policies. In fact, the customs declaration industry is only a meager profit industry, but it is often regarded as a profiteering industry by the outside world. Some administrative departments charge various port name fees from enterprises through the carrier of customs declaration enterprises, but rarely ask about the practical problems of customs declaration enterprises, such as operational difficulties, quality training of customs declarers, poor business premises and high rent.

Question 3: What kind of customs declaration does it belong to in the industry? The customs declaration industry belongs to the tertiary industry and service industry.

In addition, if you have a customs clearance certificate, it is generally difficult to find an internship unit in Shanghai.

In addition, if you want to find a customs declaration job, please find it in the bonded area, which is relatively less difficult.

Question 4: What exactly does customs declaration do? Customs declaration refers to the process that the person in charge of inbound and outbound means of transport, the consignor or agent of goods and articles declare and go through relevant formalities according to law when passing through the customs supervision port, including declaration to the customs, submission of documents, acceptance of customs supervision and inspection, etc. Customs declaration is one of the necessary links to fulfill the customs entry and exit procedures.

Specific operation flow of import and export declaration:

Import:

1. The customer provides our company with the arrival notice, original bill of lading or discharge guarantee, bill change fee and THC fee, and our company will change the import bill of lading for the customer in the shipping company.

Second, prepare the documents required for import declaration.

1. Necessary documents: list, invoice, contract in duplicate, and a power of attorney for customs declaration and inspection.

2. For goods imported from the European Union, the United States, South Korea and Japan, heat treatment certificates or phytosanitary certificates shall be provided for wooden boxes, and non-wooden packaging shall be provided for non-wooden boxes.

3. Documents stipulated by customs duties (such as import license, mechanical and electrical certificate, certificate of conformity of important industrial products).

4. There is a tax reduction and exemption manual, and a tax reduction and exemption certificate manual is provided.

3. After the import declaration, if the customs needs to review the price, the customer needs to provide relevant price certificates. Such as letters of credit, insurance policies, original factory invoices, tender documents and other documents required by the customs.

After the customs prints the tax bill, the customer should pay the tax within 7 working days. If the time limit is exceeded, the customs will charge a late fee on a daily basis.

5. After customs clearance, the customer shall pay the agency fee for customs clearance and inspection in time.

The goods must be declared to the customs within 14 days after arrival in Hong Kong. If it is overdue for more than three months, the customs will treat it as ownerless goods.

Exit:

1. Export declaration enterprises shall be registered with the local customs and inspection and quarantine bureau, and have the right to operate import and export and the qualification for inspection.

Two. Documents required for export declaration:

1. After the goods arrive in the customs supervision area and 24 hours before loading, the customer should prepare the documents required by the customs to declare to the customs.

2. Necessary documents: list, invoice, contract, verification form, power of attorney for customs declaration, shipping company's loading list and other single documents.

3. According to the documents stipulated in the customs tariff. (such as customs clearance form, export license, etc.). )

4. If there is an export manual, you need to provide a customs declaration manual.

Three. Documents required for export inspection:

1. The customer should prepare the required documents three days before the customs declaration date and declare them to the Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. Documents provided include: invoice list, contract, inspection authorization, factory inspection list, carton packing list and other documents.

2. If the goods exported to the United States, Australia, Canada, the European Union and other countries need to be fumigated or heat-treated, the documents provided by the customer include: list, invoice, contract and inspection power of attorney. If the fumigation product is wood products, a factory inspection form is also required.

3. For products that need fumigation or heat treatment, the customer should deliver the goods to the designated yard or port area for fumigation two days before customs declaration. (Fumigation takes 24 hours)

Fourth, the export declaration form is formally declared to the customs. If the export needs to pay taxes and fees, it shall pay taxes and fees in time.

5. The customs on-site inspection is over. After the cargo documents are released, the owner shall transport the goods to the customs supervision area for inspection and release within the time specified by the customs. If inspection is required, the customs broker shall contact the customs in time for inspection, and after inspection, the seal shall be specified according to the seal of the shipping company. If inspection is not required, the goods shall be released in time and the loading list shall be sent to the port area for shipment according to the customs clearance time.

Six, when the goods are exported, the shipping company will send the export manifest data to the customs. After the customs receives the data, the customs broker will print the tax refund verification form at the customs in time after the customs data is cleared.

Seven, the end of export customs clearance. Customers need to pay the agent fee for customs declaration and inspection in time.

Specific scope:

According to the law, all inbound and outbound means of transport, goods and articles need to go through customs declaration procedures. The specific scope of customs declaration is as follows:

(1) inbound and outbound means of transport

Inbound and outbound means of transport refer to all kinds of domestic and foreign ships, vehicles, aircraft and pack animals used to carry people, goods and articles into and out of the country and for international operations.

(2) Incoming and outgoing goods

Inbound and outbound goods refer to general import and export goods, bonded goods, goods temporarily allowed to enter and leave the country, goods with special duty reduction and exemption, transit, transshipment and general and other inbound and outbound goods.

(3) inbound and outbound articles

Inbound and outbound articles refer to inbound and outbound luggage, postal articles and other articles. Articles carried or checked by inbound and outbound personnel are luggage articles; Articles entering or leaving the country by post are postal articles; Other projects mainly include >>

Question 5: What is the prospect of the customs declaration industry? A friend of mine has been engaged in customs declaration business since 1999. He has been groping in this business and has been to many places (Zhuhai, Dongguan and Shenzhen). He has done customs declaration in four Fortune 500 companies (the United States, Japan, South Korea and the United States-Japan joint venture). During this period, many customs declarers were recruited. I feel that there are too few high-quality people in this industry now (some people may feel unhappy), but it is true.

The main reason is that the threshold of customs declarers is relatively low, many experienced customs declarers have relatively low academic qualifications, and many college graduates have customs declarers' certificates but have no corresponding experience. In fact, the experience I am talking about is not limited to simple import and export customs declaration and inspection, but also includes your ability to handle internal business of the enterprise, such as the communication between the customs declaration department and internal procurement, production planning, warehouse, finance, IT, material control (PMC) and other departments. Many people think that as long as the daily import and export can be guaranteed smoothly, even if the contract can be written off on time, the customs declaration work will be completed. In fact, this is only the basic work of customs declaration, and these are not enough. My friend once met an old customs broker in Dongguan. 1992, I started to do customs declaration. I have been doing it for more than ten years now, but I am still an ordinary customs declarant. The reason is simple, because all his businesses are simple. He is only doing one of them (for example, doing customs declaration for 78 years), and he is not familiar with other businesses, so he has never been a supervisor.

As we know, customs declaration business can be simply divided into back office and field business, in which back office mainly includes the preparation of new contract materials (as well as the confirmation of specific order quantity, model category, BOM information and unit price by purchasing and planning departments). ), preparation of daily import and export invoices and packing lists, arrangement and reservation of vehicles, entry of commodity inspection data, copying and filing of contracts and import and export customs declarations, balanced management of import and export data, data docking between customs declaration software and ERP software within enterprises, and data docking between customs declaration and warehouse. In some companies, customs declaration also undertakes shipping work, such as booking space, scheduling, transportation tracking, payment management, logistics cost saving and freight forwarder evaluation and development management. (This mainly refers to large-scale foreign-funded enterprises, not suitable for trading companies and customs brokers).

The field work is mainly about contract outsourcing, customs filing, contract modification and verification; Import and export transfer; Handling of equipment tax exemption certificate; Handle mechanical and electrical product certificate and 3C certificate; Inspection of import and export commodities (including customs clearance form, A form and CO form); Import and export site customs declaration and inspection, etc. It also includes an understanding of some latest policies and regulations of relevant departments.

In some small enterprises, one or two customs declarers may have finished all these businesses, but in some large enterprises, the business will be divided into very small parts, and one person may only engage in a small part of them.

In fact, I feel that my business in small enterprises is more complicated and I know everything, but my management ability has not been greatly improved. In large companies, the business is relatively narrow and refined, and relatively good management methods can be learned. You can hardly learn anything in the customs broker (please forgive me for my personal opinion).

So personally, if you haven't entered the customs declaration industry, please think twice; If you have entered and can't find another better job for the time being, please do it well and don't complain. Although the salary is not high for the time being, as long as you are really capable, you don't have to worry about finding a good job.

It is suggested that the landlord should learn foreign languages (especially English) well if he wants to do customs declaration in a foreign-funded enterprise and hold a management position. Of course, the most important thing is to have management experience in customs declaration, otherwise he can directly find an interpreter.

Many people have misunderstandings about customs declaration;

Myth 1: You don't need to know a foreign language for customs declaration: If you are in a foreign-funded enterprise, especially a wholly-owned enterprise (generally excluding Hong Kong capital and Taiwan capital), you need to have a good foreign language as a customs declaration management position. In many cases, the customs declaration manager needs to contact the foreign head office, and the daily mail and telephone contact are normal, especially when it comes to logistics, and many freight forwarders need to be contacted. All documents and materials are in English, and even some companies are indirectly managed by foreign managers. In my company, all documents and emails are in pure English ... >>

Question 6: What about the customs declaration industry? The existence of customs broker is indispensable, the last procedure of the whole import and export trade, and also the key existence.

However, the treatment of customs declarers is relatively low in the same industry. Because of the low entry threshold, the qualifications and experience of customs declarers are not high, and the treatment is also very low. Generally, the salary of customs declarers in third-tier cities is estimated to be around 2000~2500 yuan.

And now the customs declaration fee is very transparent. Ordinary customs declaration, one vote 100~ 120 yuan, has low profit, so the income is relatively low. Generally speaking, if you want to engage in customs declaration, you'd better go to an enterprise and have promotion opportunities. If you are in the customs broker, the future is not very good.

Question 7: Customs declaration is divided into self-care declaration and agent declaration.

Self-declaration: the consignee or consignor of import and export goods marks the route to go through the customs declaration formalities, which is called self-declaration. The self-declaration unit must have the right to operate foreign trade and declare.

Agent declaration: refers to the act of accepting the entrustment of the consignee or consignor of import and export goods to go through the customs declaration formalities on his behalf. According to different legal responsibilities, agency declaration can be divided into direct agency declaration and indirect agency declaration. If your enterprise completes the customs declaration by itself, it is of course a self-care customs declaration enterprise, which belongs to the customs declaration industry!

Question 8: What does 8:CO mean in the customs declaration industry? CO is written by ordinary certificate of origin and GSP certificate of origin. The certificate of origin can be handled at the local entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau or the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade. Foreign countries confirm that the products are made in China through certificates of origin. Because this country has a trade agreement with China on related products, and if it is stipulated that this product is made in China, it can enjoy preferential import tax rate.

Question 9: What is the occupation of a customs broker? What do foreign trade civil servants do in customs?

Question 10: What kind of industry is customs broker? Simply put, it is to declare the import and export commodity information or goods information to the customs.