Translation of Classical Chinese in Red Cliff Fu

In autumn in Ren Xu, we can expect that in July, Perilla and her guests will go boating under the Red Cliff. The breeze is cool in Xu Lai, and the water is quiet. Raise wine ⑤ belong to guests ⑤ recite moon poems and sing graceful chapters ⑦. Xiaoyan 8, the moon rises in Dongshan, wandering bullfighting 9. Crossing the river for thousands of years, water meets the sky. Longitudinal (11) Wei (12) as it is (13) Ling (140,000) lost money (15). Vast (16) is like the wind in Feng Xu (17), but I don't know where it ends (18) (19); Floating like a lost world (20), independent (2 1), feathering (22), immortal.

So he drank happily, so he buckled his boat and sang. Song Yue said, "Gui Gui (24)(25)(26) Blue oar (27) hits the sky (29) and the streamer (30). Mighty (3 1) pregnant (32), looking at beauty (33) on the side of the sky. " The piper (34) leans on the song (35) and sings with (36). Its voice is whining, like resentment, like crying, like complaining, and the lingering sound is endless (37). Dance (39) hidden dumplings (40), weep (4 1) orphan wife (42) ".

Sad (43), Perilla sat in danger (44) and asked the guest, "What is its (45) (46) nature?" The guest said, "There are few stars on the moon, and blackbirds fly south (48)". Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou (49) in the west and Wuchang (50) in the east, the mountains and rivers are mixed (5 1) and it is gloomy (52). Isn't this (53) because of Meng Dezhi's predicament (54) and Zhou Lang (55)? Fang (56) broke Jingzhou (57), went down to Jiangling (58), went downstream to the east, grew up in the grass (59,000), covered the sky with flags, drank (60) near the river (6 1), wrote poems (60), my son and I were fishing on the river (66), and friends (67) Sending Mayflies to the Earth (7 1) is a drop in the ocean. Mourn (72) the moment of my life (73) admire the infinity of the Yangtze River. Carrying (74) Fei Xian roaming, holding the bright moon, and finally growing. I know I can't get (75) suddenly, and I will leave it (76) in Hengtai (77). "

Perilla said, "Do the guests know what (78) husband (79) water and the moon are? The deceased is like this (80), but (8 1) has never been there (82); If the surplus is lacking (83), the pawn (84) will not rise or fall (85). Cover (86) will (87) see it (88) change with it, then (89) heaven and earth can't be in an instant (89); From a constant point of view, things (90) and I are endless (9 1), but what do we envy! And (92) between heaven and earth, everything has its owner, (93) is not mine, although (94) is a dime a dozen. The breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are all (95) heard and heard, and they are beautiful when they meet. They are (96) the creator's endless treasure (97), and my son and I are compatible (99). "

Guests are happy and wash more lights [1]. The vegetable core [2] is used up and the cups and plates are messy [3]. Phase [4] pillow ride [6] in the boat, I don't know if the east is white [7].

[Note and release]

① Appointment: Yuan Feng for five years (1082). ② Looking: After looking at the sun, it is the 16th day of the lunar calendar. Yes, it is. Look, the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. 3 boating: rafting by boat. Pan, floating. 4 stars: Get up. ⑤ Wine: This is a wine glass. 6. Be a guest: persuade guests to drink. Genus, through "note" and "note", extended to persuade wine. ⑦ Reciting moon poems, graceful articles: intertextuality, that is, "Reciting moon poems, graceful articles". Recite, sing and recite. Poetry of the bright moon: refers to the book of songs, Chen Feng, the moon rises. The graceful chapter (y m: o t m: io) in the first chapter of Mingyue Poetry has a sentence "Shu Yao corrects Xi" (graceful correction is similar to graceful correction in ancient times), so it is called "graceful chapter". Shao Yan: Not yet. Bullfighting: two names of stars. Dou Su and Niu Su belong to 28 nights. ⑩ White dew: refers to white water vapor. (1 1) Vertical: laissez-faire. (12 I) Reed: Metaphorically, the boat is very small, like a reed leaf. The language "The Book of Songs Feng Wei He Guang": "Who is He Guang? -Hang Wei (sailing). " (13) For example, go to. (14) Ling: Crossing. (150000) Open space: that is, "open space". Vast and boundless refers to the vast river surface. At a loss, broad-minded. (16) Hu: Adjective suffix, equivalent to "ran". (17) wind (píng) against the wind: riding the wind in the air. Feng, preach "multiply" and multiply. Royal, drive. (18) qi: myself. (19) Stop: No, where to live. (20) death: death. (2 1) Independence: This means freedom. (22) Feathering: Taoism believes that immortal people can soar to become immortals, just as they have wings, so longevity is called feathering. (23) Buckling: Knock on the ship's rail and point to the beat. Both sides of the boat. (24) Cinnamomum cassia (zhào): Cinnamomum cassia tree. A rowing tool is shaped like an oar. (25) Xi: Modal particles are equivalent to "ah" and "ya". (26) Blue paddles: paddles made by Mulan. Strike: Pat. (28) Empty brightness refers to the clear river surface reflected by moonlight. (29) back: upstream. Here, it means to go ahead. (30) streamer: moonlight floating on the rushing river. (3 1) Mighty: Far away. Huai Yu: My heart. For me. (33) Beauty: refers to the person he admires, which was often regarded by the ancients as a symbol of sages or a beautiful ideal. Dong Xiao: A wind instrument. (35) relying on songs: relying on, following and relying on. (36) and (hè): Respond in chorus and sing in harmony. (37) Curl, which describes a long and euphemistic voice. (38) wisps: filaments. (39) Dance: Let the verbs dance. (40) deep valley: deep valley. (4 1) Weep: make the verb Weep. (42) wife: widow. (43) Qi (m: o) is natural: sorrow and sadness. (44) Sit up straight: Get dressed and sit up straight. Dangerous sitting posture: sit up straight. Positive adjectives are used as verbs to keep ... in order. (45) What is it? Why, why. (46) it: refers to the flute sound. (47) Of course: So, so. (48) There are few stars on the moon, and birds fly south: this is a poem in Cao Cao's Short Songs. (49) Xiakou: The city is located on Huanggu Mountain in the west of Wuchang, Hubei Province. Wuchang: Sun Yicheng, Hubei (not Wuchang now). (5 1) Miao (liáo): "dazzling", coiled. (52) gloomy green: a piece of green. A gloomy, lush look. Hu, the suffix of this adjective is equivalent to "ran". (53) here: here. (54) Yu: Yes. (55) Zhou Lang: Zhou Yu. (56) Party: When. Breaking Jingzhou: In 208 AD, Cao Cao Nan attacked Jingzhou. At that time, Liu Biao, the Jingzhou secretariat, was dead, and Liu cóng, the son of Liu Biao, surrendered to Cao Cao. (57) Jingzhou, in the area of Hubei and Hunan today. (58) Xiajiangling: After Liu Cong surrendered to Cao Cao, Cao Cao defeated Liu Bei in Dangyang Changban and marched into Jiangling. Next, capture. Jiangling, then the capital of Jingzhou. (59) Stern (zhú) and Stern (lú): The combination of bow and stern refers to a ship connected end to end. (60) wine: pour wine. (6 1) Linjiang: facing the river. (62) Shu: spear. (63) Reality: Indeed. (64) and: but. (65) Anzai: Where is it? (66) Fishing firewood above Zhu Jiang: "Fishing firewood above Zhu Jiang", adverbial postposition. Chop firewood, fish and chop firewood. Zhu, by the river. (67) Couple: the noun uses wishful verbs, and ... as partners. (68) Friends: Nouns use wishful verbs and take …… as friends. (69) Piā n boat: small boat. (70) Baa (páo) bottle: a wine container made of gourd. Well, gourd. (7 1) Send the ephemera to heaven and earth: that is, "as the ephemera is sent to heaven and earth". Send, send. Mayfly (fúyóu) is a small flying insect, which was born near the water at the turn of summer and autumn. A flash in the pan, an adult can only live for a few hours. It is used as an adverbial here, like ... a mayfly. (72) Sadness: Adjectives are used as verbs. Mourn. (73) a moment: a moment, short. (74) carry: carry it with you. (75) Sudden gains: the more you get, the more you get. (76) Aftersound: Aftersound refers to the sound of the flute. (77) Hate Taiwan: Sad autumn wind. (78) Know: I understand. (79) Fu (fú): That. (80) The deceased is like this: from The Analects of Confucius Zi Han: "Zi Yue Chuan: The deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night." Dead people, here refers to running water. Alice, like this. (8 1) and: actually. (82) Go: Run away, which means lose. (83) Those who are full of deficiency are like this: when the circle is full, there is no moon. Full, full of deficiency, lack. Peter, that, here refers to the moon. Pawn: After all. (85) Growth and decline (zhǎng): decrease and increase. (86) cover: if. (87) Will: Desire, direction. (88) Look at its change: from the perspective of change. Since, if. (89) Then: Then. (89) Heaven and earth never stopped: everything between heaven and earth (changing all the time) didn't even stop in the blink of an eye. Zeng: Actually. (90) things: everything except yourself. (9 1) Endless: endless. (92) Hefu: As for. (93) If. (94) although: even if. (95) Germany: The word "encounter" in the next sentence is intertextual, both of which mean "contact". Yes, it is. (97) Creator: The original meaning refers to "heaven" and now it is called "nature". (98) zàng: The "endless hidden sea" in Buddhist language (as if the sea can cover everything). (99) Comfortable: comfortable, satisfied and willing to enjoy. More: hot. [2] Vegetable core: vegetables and fruits. Stone, stone, refers to fruit. [3] Wolf: It's a mess. Also write "chaos". [4] phase: mutual, [5] pillow (jiè): pillow. [6] Hu: Yu. [7] White: It has turned white. Yes, it has already started. White, verbs and other adjectives, white.

[translated text]

In autumn in Ren Xu, on July 16, my guests and I visited Chibi by boat. The breeze blew slowly and the river was calm. I raised my glass to propose a toast to the guests and recited the "graceful and restrained" chapter in the poem "Bright Moon". After a while, the moon rose from Dongshan and hovered between the two stars in the bullfight. White fog enveloped the river, and the waves melted with the moonlit night. We let reedlike boats drift on the river and cross the endless river. How vast, like flying in the air, but I don't know where we will stay; How elegant, as if far away from the world, unrestrained, with wings, soaring in fairyland.

So, drinking wine, we happily knocked on the boat and sang songs. The lyrics say: "Paddles made of osmanthus and Aoki beat the clear river and face the moonlight floating on the rushing river. How far away my thoughts are when (she) looks at (that) beauty in the sky. " Guests who play the flute should match the song according to the tone and beat of the song. The flute sounds like resentment, yearning, crying and not talking, and the ending is sad and tactful, like gentle silk thread. It can make dragons hidden in the abyss dance and widows in lonely boats cry.

I can't help feeling sad. I adjusted my skirt, sat up straight and asked the guest, "Why is the flute so sad?" The guest said, "The moon and stars are sparse, and blackbirds fly south.". Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking west is Xiakou, looking east is Wuchang, surrounded by mountains and rivers, gloomy. Isn't this where Cao Mengde was trapped by Zhou Yu? When he captured Jingzhou, captured Jiangling and the Yangtze River eastbound, warships were thousands of miles away, flags covered the sky, drinking by the river and chanting poems with spears. That's a generation of heroes, but where is he now? Besides, I'm fishing and firewood with you on the sandbar in the middle of the river, with fish, shrimp and elk as partners and a boat, here to toast each other. Parasitic between heaven and earth like a ephemera, tiny as a drop in the ocean, lamenting the shortness of our lives and admiring the endless Yangtze River. (Many) I hope to walk with the immortals and embrace the bright moon alone with her. I know this is an impossible delusion. I can only entrust my sadness to the sad autumn wind through the sound of the flute. "

I said, "Do you know anything about water and the moon? The passing is like a river in front of us, but it never runs out; There is a circle missing, just like the moon in the sky that day. In fact, it has never increased or decreased. If you want to look at it from the perspective of that kind of change, then the change between heaven and earth can't stop in the blink of an eye; If we look at it from that unchanging point of view, then everything and us are eternal. What is there to envy? As for heaven and earth, everything has its own master. If I don't have it, I can't even take a little bit. Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are beautiful sounds when the ears touch them, and beautiful colors when the eyes touch them. No one can ban them and use them endlessly. This is an endless treasure of nature and something I can enjoy with you. "

Hearing this, the guest smiled happily. Wash the glass and pour the wine. The vegetables and fruits are all gone. There are cups and plates in the east and one in the west. Everyone (drunk) fell asleep on the boat, and before you know it, there was a white dawn in the East.

[Appreciation]

With vivid pen and ink, the author describes the beauty and tranquility of Chibi in autumn night and the ease of night outing with guests, and then shows a broad-minded and cheerful attitude towards life through the discussion on the changes and invariance of the bright moon and rivers. Some people say that nine times out of ten people are unhappy. How to face setbacks? It is an inevitable big test in a person's life. Su Shi, who was ambitious and brilliant, did not feel depressed in the face of political frustration, but unloaded himself with a broad-minded and detached attitude, which not only caused us to resent those people with lofty ideals whose talents were stifled by successive dynasties, but also prompted us to think philosophically about life.

The blending of emotion and scenery, and the combination of narration and discussion are the characteristics of many excellent works, but it is even more commendable to be able to achieve the natural beauty without any trace of axe. Su Shi's articles, like flowing water, do what he should do and stop at what he should do. Reading is like "boating under the red cliff" with perilla, which naturally gives birth to "the vastness is like the wind of Feng Xu, and I don't know where it ends; Artistic feeling of "floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy"

The language of the article is beautiful and fresh, and the connection between them is as ingenious and natural as Chen Cang's Smuggling.