Ceramic manufacturing process

The manufacturing process of ceramics is as follows:

1. Mud refining: porcelain stone is taken from the mining area. Firstly, it is broken into egg-sized pieces by hand, then ground into powder by water hammer, washed, removed impurities and precipitated to make brick-like mud blocks. Then mix the mud and water to remove the slag, knead with both hands and squeeze out the air in the mud. This porcelain stone processing method has a long history and should be synchronized with Jingdezhen porcelain making history.

2. Blanking: Blanking is the first process of molding. Jingdezhen porcelain is famous all over the world. In addition to the local "God-given" high-quality clay, it is basically ingenious, turning these ordinary "things" into human "pets". First of all, you should be familiar with the shrinkage of mud. ?

3. Blank printing: according to the inner arc of the blank, the shape of the seal is formed by rotary cutting. Cover the semi-dry blank on the mold, beat the outer wall of the blank evenly, and then demould.

4. Blanking: Put the blank on the bucket of the pulley car, rotate the wheels and cut with a knife to make the blank have a proper thickness and a smooth surface. This is a highly technical process.

This process is to put the yellow clay blank on the so-called green car first, then sit on the car and use special tools to make the surface of the object smooth, coherent and consistent, so that the clay blank presents bright white. This is an extremely important process in ceramic molding, which finally determines the shape of the object.

5. Sun drying: put the processed blank on the wooden frame to dry.

6. Carving: Carve patterns on the dry blank with bamboo, bone or iron knife.

7. Glazing: Glazing process is one of the manufacturing techniques of ancient ceramics, which is to coat glaze slurry on the surface of the molded ceramic body. There are mainly seven methods, such as dipping glaze, throwing glaze, pouring glaze, brushing glaze, sprinkling glaze and wheel glaze. According to the different shapes and thickness of the blank, the corresponding glazing method is adopted. The decorative history of China porcelain painting since Yuan Dynasty.

8. Kiln firing: First, put the ceramic products into the sagger. The function of the box is to prevent the porcelain blank from directly contacting the kiln fire and avoid pollution, which is especially beneficial to the firing of white porcelain. Kiln burning time is about one day and night, and the temperature is about 1300 degrees. First, the kiln door is built, and the kiln is ignited. The fuel is pine. Give technical guidance to the driver, measure the temperature, master the temperature change of the kiln, and decide the ceasefire time.

9. Painting: Overglaze colors, such as multicolored and pastel colors, are painted on the glazed surface of fired porcelain, filled with colors, and then fired in a low-temperature red furnace at about 700-800 degrees. Painting on the blank before firing, such as blue and white, underglaze red, etc. , known as underglaze color, is characterized by being colored under high temperature glaze and never fading.