What books should I read to learn to write a business plan?

If you want to learn how to write a business plan, reading a book is better than reading a website. Both Baidu Library and Pusi Planning have many cases of business plans.

How to write a business plan? How to write a good business plan

Business plans that can't give investors enough information and make them excited can only be thrown into the dustbin in the end. In order to ensure that the business plan can "hit the target", venture entrepreneurs should do the following:

1. Focus on products

In the business plan, all details related to the products or services of the enterprise should be provided, including all surveys conducted by the enterprise. These questions include: What stage of development is the product in? What is its uniqueness? What is the method for enterprises to distribute products? Who will use the products of the enterprise and why? What is the production cost and price of the product? What is the enterprise's plan to develop modern new products? Pull investors into the products or services of enterprises, so that investors will be interested in products like venture entrepreneurs. In a business plan, entrepreneurs should try to describe everything in simple language? The definition and attributes of commodities are very clear to entrepreneurs, but others may not know their meaning. The purpose of making a business plan is not only to convince investors that the products of the enterprise will have a revolutionary impact in the world, but also to convince them that the enterprise has arguments to prove this. The description of the product in the business plan should make investors feel: "Oh, how wonderful and inspiring this product is!"

2. Dare to compete

In the business plan, venture entrepreneurs should carefully analyze the situation of competitors. Who are the competitors? How do their products work? What are the similarities and differences between competitors' products and our own products? What are the marketing strategies adopted by competitors? It is necessary to clarify the sales, gross profit, income and market share of each competitor, and then discuss the competitive advantage of this enterprise relative to each competitor. It is necessary to show investors that customers prefer this enterprise because its products are of good quality, fast delivery, moderate positioning and reasonable price. The business plan should convince its readers that this enterprise is not only a strong competitor in the industry, but also a leader in setting industry standards in the future. In the business plan, entrepreneurs should also explain the risks brought by competitors and the countermeasures taken by enterprises.

Understand the market

A business plan should provide investors with an in-depth analysis and understanding of the target market. It is necessary to carefully analyze the influence of economic, geographical, occupational and psychological factors on consumers' choice to buy the products of this enterprise, and the role of each factor. The business plan should also include a major marketing plan, which should list the areas where the enterprise intends to carry out advertising, promotion and public relations activities, and specify the budget and income of each activity. The business plan should also briefly describe the sales strategy of the enterprise: does the enterprise use external sales representatives or internal employees? Does the enterprise use distributors, distributors or franchisees? What kind of sales training will the enterprise provide? In addition, the business plan should also pay special attention to the details of sales.

4. Indicate the direction of action

The enterprise's action plan should be unsolvable. The following questions should be made clear in the business plan: How can the enterprise push the products to the market? How to design production lines and assemble products? What raw materials do enterprises need for production? What production resources do enterprises need? What is the cost of production and installation? Does the enterprise buy equipment or rent equipment? Explain the fixed and variable costs associated with product assembly, storage and delivery.

5. Show your management team

The key factor to turn an idea into a successful venture enterprise is to have a strong management team. The members of this team must have high professional and technical knowledge, management ability and many years of work experience, so as to give investors the feeling: "Look, who are these people in this team! If this company is a football team, they will always reach the World Cup finals! " The function of managers is to plan, organize, control and guide the company's actions to achieve its goals. In the business plan, we should first describe the whole management team and its responsibilities, then introduce the special talents, characteristics and achievements of each manager respectively, and describe in detail the contribution each manager will make to the company. The business plan should also specify the management objectives and organization chart.

6. Excellent plan summary

The plan summary in the business plan is also very important. It must make readers interested and eager to get more information, and it will leave a lasting impression on readers. The plan summary will be the last part written by venture entrepreneurs, but it is the content that investors should read first. It will extract the most relevant details from the plan, including a concise and vivid summary of the company's internal basic situation, the company's capabilities and limitations, the company's competitors, marketing and financial strategies and the company's management team. If the company is a book, it is like the cover of the book. If it is done well, it can attract investors. It will give venture capitalists the impression that "this company will become an industry giant, and I can't wait to read the rest of the plan".

This is the most authoritative answer, so digest it slowly.

What to write in the business plan should be summarized in the first chapter.

1. 1 project name

1.2 project introduction

1.3 capital requirements

Chapter II Company Introduction

2. 1 Company Profile Description

2.2 aims and objectives of the company

2.3 Company organization and core management team

2.4 Description of company advantages

Chapter III Overall Project Planning

3.2 Construction scheme

3.3 product scheme

3.3. 1 technical description

3.3.2 Product status (product function positioning)

3.3.3 Product production

Supply of resources and raw materials

Existing production conditions and capacity in 3.3.3.2.

3.3.3.3 expansion facilities, requirements and costs, as well as the expanded production capacity.

3.3.3.4's original main equipment and equipment to be added.

Chapter IV Market Analysis

4. 1 Industry Market Analysis

4.2 Target Market Setting (Market Positioning)

4.3 product market demand forecast

4.4 Market Competition Analysis

4.4. 1 analysis of major competitors

4.4.2 Competitive advantages of the company's products

4.5 Marketing

4.5. 1 marketing model

Marketing strategy.

Chapter 5 SWOT analysis of the project

5. 1 advantages

5.2 Disadvantages

5.3 opportunities

5.4 threats

5.5 Analysis conclusion

Chapter VI Project Implementation Progress

6. 1 project composition

6.2 Project management

6.3 schedule

Chapter VII Investment Description

7. 1 Description of capital requirements

7.2 Capital Use Plan and Progress

7.3 Form of investment (loan/interest rate/interest rate payment terms/conversion-common stock, preferred stock, equity/corresponding price, etc.). )

7.4 Return/Repayment Plan

7.5 Description of investors' participation in company management

Chapter VIII Return on Investment and Exit

8. 1 Stock listing

8.2 Equity transfer

8.3 Share Repurchase

8.4 Dividends

Chapter IX Risk Analysis and Avoidance Policies

9. 1 risk analysis

9.2 Avoidance countermeasures

Chapter X Financial Analysis

1 1. 1 cost forecast

1 1.2 revenue forecast

1 1.3 VAT and surcharge

1 1.4 profit and profit distribution

Profitability analysis of 1 1.5

Chapter 11 Conclusion

12. 1 overall benefit analysis of the project

12.2 conclusion of project investment decision

You can have a look at the catalogue of Li Shen Haizhi's business plan, which is probably written like this.

How to write a business plan? Electric vehicle business plan

I. Company Profile

Company A is an enterprise specializing in the production and operation of A series products such as top brands of electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric sprayer.

The company was established in July 2000. At present, it has two production lines with fixed assets of 8 million yuan and more than 20 employees 10, including senior managers10 and middle managers 15. And passed the national production license acceptance in June 2002; In 2002, it was selected as qualified products by the Provincial Quality Supervision Bureau. In March 2003, it passed the ISO900 1 quality system certification of Beijing Zhong Da Huayuan Certification Center.

The company ranks among the best in electric vehicle production and sales, and has successfully achieved 80% network coverage in Zhejiang county-level market; And penetrated into Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui, Chongqing, Guangxi and other provinces and cities; It has passed the new product appraisal in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Shandong provinces, and has been listed in the public security departments of the above provinces.

The company will take building brand A as its corporate goal, develop diversified management and speed up network construction; Carry out network services and e-commerce, and strive to build our company into a regional and even national electric vehicle enterprise integrating R&D, production, sales, information network and scientific and technological services.

Second, the market analysis

(A) brand positioning

Strive to become the leading brand of electric vehicle industry

(2) Target market

County-level and prefecture-level cities (women aged 25-35 are the main target consumer groups)

(3) Market prospect

2 1 century has arrived. Twenty years of reform and opening-up have brought about great changes in China, and the market is not what it was yesterday. People from all walks of life struggle and develop in different fields, ups and downs, and realize their own ideals. After experiencing the bitterness of primitive accumulation, they became the owners of social wealth.

With the rapid development of high-tech industry, the speed of information transmission is accelerated, which accelerates the pace of domestic electric vehicle market. As a new product, the birth of electric bicycle comes from the decrease of natural resources, the deterioration of urban environment and the increasing demand of people's lives, so the appearance of electric bicycle makes it a popular product. This is not only a domestic market, but also a foreign market; The company's website and the website registered in Alibaba have a high rate of foreign visitors, and good market prospects have brought unprecedented opportunities and challenges to the electric vehicle industry.

At present, the company quotes talents, arranges chess games, refines the company's core values and improves its competitiveness. In product quality management, new product development, marketing strategy formulation and so on. It fully reflects the positioning needs of the company to "become bigger and stronger". Therefore, the company keeps up with domestic sales and international trade, making Company A stand firm in the electric vehicle industry.

(D) Product advantages

Low noise, high efficiency, large driving torque and no spark commutation.

(v) Current market situation

In 2003, domestic manufacturers such as Luyuan, Xiaofeige, Opel and Billion controlled nearly 70% of the electric vehicle market in Zhejiang, so the whole market was generally stable, but there were also factors that caused market turmoil.

1. Price is still the most unstable factor in the electric vehicle market. Although the top four brands of electric vehicles control most of the market, some slotted brands want to expand their market share and often use low-price strategies to disrupt the market. In addition, even among several big brands, under the pressure of the market, they are also secretly competing, and several big brands of small electric vehicles are going downhill, which are all uncertain factors that may lead to the price war of electric vehicles.

2. Compared with motorcycles, the technical content of the electric vehicle industry is relatively low, and the competition among electric vehicle enterprises is more reflected in the cost. However, with the scale of several major brands, the cost advantages are almost the same, so the battle of technological upgrading in the electric vehicle industry is inevitable, and technological innovations such as energy-saving technology, green technology and digital technology will trigger new competition.

3. On the whole, the current electric vehicle market is still in a state of oversupply, and the competition is becoming increasingly fierce. In addition, the motor and battery of electric vehicles are unstable, and many old enterprises are faced with the problem of updating production equipment and technology. Fierce competition will make manufacturers bear multiple pressures, and the market share will concentrate on big brands, while the market share of small brands will also drop sharply, and some enterprises will even struggle.

4. From the point of market demand, the grade of electric vehicle consumption will gradually open, some high-grade electric vehicles with excellent comprehensive quality will become the mainstream of market consumption, and high-tech boutique electric vehicles will be welcomed because of their absolute substitution advantages.

5. Due to the accelerated pace of popularization in rural areas, the demand center of some low-priced electric vehicles extends from urban families to suburban rural areas, and the total demand shows a steady upward trend, the production and sales situation is improving, and the production is in a reasonable region with a virtuous circle. In addition, the recent SARS period has brought unprecedented opportunities and challenges to the electric vehicle market.

6. Regional brands have a considerable local market share with the help of geographical resources.

Because of its own resources, management, sales network and other reasons, it has a considerable market share in the local area and formed certain regional barriers. From the above analysis of market conditions, we can see that:

1, the technical competition will definitely escalate. With the arrival of the second round of rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, the pattern of the domestic electric vehicle market will be reshuffled, and the confrontation between the old and new camps will focus on how to win the replacement market of electric vehicles.

2. The marketing management ability of electric vehicle enterprises will be severely tested. New entrants such as Luyuan have standardized marketing management, strong operating system, strong market control, first-class market planning and steady means. How to deal with electric vehicle A and how to strengthen self-marketing ability will be the biggest test for electric vehicle A..

(6) Financing plan

The company plans to borrow $654.38+0 million in the form of loans at one time for new product development, design, marketing, advertising investment and expansion of production scale.

Among them, $200,000 is used for marketing and advertising expenses; $800,000 is used for other business activities.

The company plans to recover its working capital within two years.

Third, marketing.

(A) marketing strategy

Brand positioning: middle and high grade.

Target market: domestic second and third grade.

Channel Strategy: Franchise and Monopoly Chain

Product strategy: after establishing the brand image of the industry, expand into related fields and build a brand ideology.

(2) Popularizing forecast:

Annual terminal network sales

50 in 2003

2004 100 households

2005200150 million

350.2 billion in 2006.

When the sales amount reaches/kloc-0.00 million, it is planned to expand the production scale (land requisition, plant construction, equipment investment), achieve the goal of annual output of/kloc-0.00 million electric vehicles, and meet the annual sales demand of 200 million yuan.

Through a series of operations, in 2006, sales reached 200 million yuan, 350 terminal networks were developed, and the annual output of electric vehicles was 654.38 million. Brand A owns counters or specialty stores in first-class shopping malls or streets in second-and third-tier cities in China, and extends its suite to economically developed first-tier cities. Brand A has become the leading brand in China electric vehicle industry and the first choice brand for consumers.

Fourth, management objectives

A marketing management project aims at "clear responsibilities, reasonable organization, standardized operation, improved efficiency and clear rewards and punishments". Through the establishment of organizational structure and the reorganization of business processes, a company will be built into a customer-centered and market-oriented modern marketing company, which will not only successfully complete the marketing tasks assigned by the company, but also lead the whole A company to develop and grow steadily in the increasingly competitive market.

By defining the work processes and functions of related posts, defining the work responsibilities, work systems, performance appraisal, incentive appraisal, reward and punishment system (including the reward and punishment system of each post) and the management of dispatched institutions, various standardized forms (such as daily sales report, business personnel work schedule, performance appraisal table, etc.) are established. ), as well as the marketing service system (service process, norms, systems, policies, characteristics).

Analysis of verb (Verb's abbreviation) Return

According to the expected goal of 4 years:

Annual sales: 200 million yuan

Product cost: 200 million yuan × 50% =1million yuan.

Marketing expenses: 200 million yuan × 20% = 40 million yuan.

Tax: 200 million yuan ×10% = 20 million yuan.

Li Run: 200 million yuan × 20% = 40 million yuan.

Sixth, loading analysis

In terms of advantages, A has experience in production and sales of related products and is one step ahead in unified management. It is conducive to establishing the overall image of the enterprise and improving the quality of products and services.

The main disadvantage of A is that it has not formed a market-oriented and customer-centered organizational system, and A has not formed a unified value system, and its conditions in new product development, design and process quality are not mature enough.

At the same time, the market awareness of major competitors is improving, and they gradually begin to pay attention to brands and services. Flexible mechanism, rapid response to market changes, a great threat, coupled with the entry of industry followers and other brands, will share a brand's market share, making brand A gradually lose its advantage as the absolute leading brand in the industry.

Although A series products have great market potential, they need to mainly promote A electric vehicles, and other products are naturally sold. Only by product specialization, new development, in-depth and extensive development of channels and services can brand A be truly powerful.

Through the analysis of the market, we find that the electric vehicle industry is a new product in both domestic and foreign markets. On the contrary, it provides a good opportunity. As long as the enterprise strategy is adjusted in time, resources are fully utilized and reasonable integration is carried out, brand A can win a place in the fierce market competition.

How to write a business plan for venture capital mainly includes:

1. executive summary: it appears in front of the business plan, but at my suggestion, this part should be completed at the end.

2. Company profile: including the company's registration, history and start-up plan.

3. Product service: Describe the particularity of your product or service and the target customers.

4. Strategy execution: You need to know your market, customers' needs, where customers are and how to get them.

5. Management team: describe the main team members.

6. Financial analysis: Make sure that this part truly reflects your current financial situation, including your cash position and profitability.

I want to ask, how to write a business plan? First of all, I want to sell the planned enterprises to venture entrepreneurs themselves. Secondly, the business plan can also help to promote the planned venture enterprises to venture capitalists. One of the main purposes of the company's business plan is to raise funds. Therefore, the business plan must explain:

How to write a business plan I want to write a catering business plan. Hello, I am a senior business plan maker (nine-dimensional planning business plan). The business plan of catering is relatively simple, and the suggestions are as follows for your reference:

I want to define the positioning of catering, high-end, or mass catering; Whether you are the boss or the boss gives it to you, you must clearly locate the problem;

Know what your plan is? Business plans are nothing more than for investors or partners, and small catering projects are generally for friends and individual investors who appreciate themselves; If it is a new catering brand of a large catering chain group, it will definitely be shown to the board of directors of the group; So it is important to know who will read the business plan!

After making clear the above problems, it is necessary to analyze your market and customers, and analyze your customer needs and your market potential through your product and brand positioning;

Location: The most important thing in catering is location. It is certainly better to have a mature site selection. Be sure to make it clear what your site selection reference is, so that investors can understand that your thinking is comprehensive and reliable;

Your resources, how much money you need. What resources do you have? How much does it cost to open this store? Estimate a financial model.

I hope it works!

First, an overview of fast food restaurants

1. Our restaurant belongs to the catering service industry, and its name is Urban Fast Food Restaurant, which is a sole proprietorship enterprise. Mainly provide Chinese breakfast, such as fried dough sticks, steamed buns and other Chinese snacks and side dishes. Lunch and dinner are mainly cooking and smokeless barbecue.

2. Urban fast food restaurant is located in the commercial pedestrian street of Weihai Road. It started as a mid-range fast food restaurant and will gradually develop into a Chinese fast food chain like KFC and McDonald's in the future.

3. The owner of the urban fast-food restaurant is ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

4. Our store needs venture capital of RMB 10000, which has been raised and the remaining RMB 10000 has been loaned to the bank.

Second, the business objectives

1. Because it is located in the commercial street, its customers are relatively rich, but there are also many competitors. In particular, our store has just opened. If we want to open the market, we must work hard on service quality and product quality, further expand the business scope and meet the different needs of consumers. The short-term goal is to gain a foothold in Weihai Road Commercial Pedestrian Street and recover the cost 1 year.

2. Our store will set up three branches in three years, and gradually develop into a fast food chain group with strong economic strength and certain market share, and make a breakthrough among many fast food brands in the island city and become a well-known brand in the catering market.

Third, the market analysis

1. tourists: the target customers of urban fast food restaurants are: ordinary consumers who go shopping and entertainment in Weihai Road commercial pedestrian street, accounting for about 50%; Students from nearby schools, store employees and community residents account for about 50%. The number of tourists is sufficient and the consumption level is low.

3. Competitors:

There are four competitors in the vicinity of fast food restaurants in urban areas, including 1, and the other three are small fast food restaurants. These four hotels have been in operation for more than two years. Xx fast food restaurant runs both Chinese and western food, which is more expensive and has sparse customers. The other three small fast food restaurants have poor hygiene, poor service quality and crowded and messy dining environment. Our store seized the existing disadvantages of these four fast food restaurants and launched marketing strategies such as "good quality and low price" to strive to occupy a place in the fierce market competition.

Fourth, business plan.

1. Fast food restaurants are mainly for the public, so the price of vegetables is not too high, which is low.

2. Vigorously develop convenient snacks, with a wide variety of breakfasts and low prices, and introduce Chinese breakfast packages according to local conditions.

3. Provide economical and nutritious dishes for lunch and dinner, and provide an elegant dining environment.

Be ready to develop new products at any time to meet the changing market demand. For example, the goal set this year is "home delivery" service.

5. Business hours: morning till night!

6. For the above plans, we will work together and do our part. We will help each other in health, service, price and nutrition, and strive for more customers.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) personnel plan

1. How many full-time employees (including chefs) and how many temporary employees (including chefs) our store initially plans to recruit at the beginning of its opening are as follows:

1) Recruiting local hukou through the labor market, having certain work experience and good professional ethics, aged between 20 and 30, and interested in joining the catering industry.

Applicants come to our store for an interview with the "Registration Form for Recruiting Employees" and attached personal information.

2) Those who pass the interview, written examination and physical examination shall sign a labor contract (including probation period).

2. In order to improve the overall quality of service personnel, all recruited personnel need to receive 2 months of training, the specific contents are as follows:

1) Make a training plan, determine the training purpose and make an evaluation method.

2) Implement the training plan and learn labor discipline and various rules and regulations.

3) Those who fail to pass the examination will be suspended from study, and 20% of their salary will be deducted until they are qualified. Failing the exam three times, all the wages and benefits of the month will be deducted.

Intransitive verb sales plan

1. Before opening, a series of publicity work will be carried out to introduce the "good quality and low price" sales strategy to consumers, and questionnaires will be distributed to improve our products and services according to the needs of consumers.

2. Introduce membership system, season card and monthly card to attract more customers.

3. Those who spend 1000 yuan per month can participate in the big lucky draw at the end of each month, and the winner (1) can get a gift certificate worth 888 yuan.

4. A gift certificate with a monthly consumption of 100 yuan 10 yuan, a gift certificate from 200 yuan to 20 yuan, and so on.

Seven. financial plan

All the accounts in our store should be recorded in time, and the money for expenditure and income should be recorded or recorded before use. The bookkeeping method is double entry bookkeeping, which is scientifically managed to avoid accounting confusion. Daily income should be counted in time, and all the menus of meals and receipts must be kept in duplicate for checking and recording. All items in the store are fixed assets in the store and shall not be destroyed or taken away at will. Total monthly income, excluding all expenses, is deposited in the bank; If the monthly income is higher than planned, the salary will be adjusted appropriately to arouse everyone's enthusiasm for work. If the hotel's property is found to have been destroyed without reason at work, it will be deducted from the salary or bonus of the responsible person.

1) Fixed assets of our store

N sets of tables and chairs

Business area n square meters

N sets of freezers

Some stoves

2) What is the daily working capital?

(Mainly used for emergency and temporary procurement)

3) For the accounts, there should be a daily account, a monthly account, a quarterly account and a year-end general ledger, so that the profit and loss of the enterprise can be clearly seen on the books and avoid the blindness of management.

Note: As it has just started business, we should be cautious in all kinds of expenses, but we should ensure the quality of food and try to keep the lowest price.

Eight. appendix

Appendix 1 legal requirements

In order to ensure food hygiene, prevent commodity pollution and harmful factors from harming the human body, safeguard people's health and enhance people's physique, the requirements of relevant national and local laws and regulations are strictly observed as follows:

First, food production and marketing enterprises and food vendors must first obtain health permits issued by the administrative department of health before they can apply to the administrative department for industry and commerce for registration. Those who have not obtained the hygiene license shall not engage in food production and business activities.

Food producers and business operators shall not forge, alter or lend hygiene licenses.

Two, the food production and operation process must meet the following hygiene requirements:

(a) keep the internal and external environment clean and tidy, and take measures to eliminate harmful insects such as flies, rats and cockroaches and their breeding conditions.

(2) Food production and marketing enterprises shall have factory premises for processing, handling, packaging and storing food raw materials suitable for the variety and quantity of products.

(3) There should be corresponding facilities such as disinfection, dressing, washing, sorting, lighting, ventilation, anti-corrosion, dust prevention, fly prevention, rat prevention, washing, sewage discharge and garbage and waste storage.

(4) The introduction of equipment and technological processes shall be reasonable, so as to prevent cross-contamination between food to be processed and directly imported food, raw materials and finished products, and food shall not come into contact with toxic and unclean substances.

(5) Tableware, drinking utensils and containers for direct food must be washed and disinfected before use, and cookware and utensils must be washed and kept clean after use.

(6) The conditions of containers, packages, tools and devices for storing, transporting and loading and unloading food must be safe and harmless, kept clean and prevented from food pollution.

(seven) the food for direct entrance should be packaged in small packages or non-toxic and clean packaging materials.

(eight) food production and sales personnel should always maintain personal hygiene, and must wash their hands and wear clean work clothes when producing and selling food; When selling directly imported food, sales tools must be used.

(9) Water must meet the hygienic standards for drinking water in urban and rural areas stipulated by the state.

(10) The detergents and disinfectants used shall be safe and harmless to human body.

Three, prohibit the production and operation of food:

(a) corruption, rancidity, mildew, moth-eaten, unclean, mixed with foreign objects or other sensory abnormalities, which may be harmful to human health.

(2) containing or contaminated by toxic or harmful substances, which may be harmful to human body.

(3) The content of pathogenic parasites, microorganisms or biotoxins exceeds the national standard.

(four) meat and its products that have not passed the medical and health inspection or inspection.

(5) Birds, mammals, aquatic animals, etc. And articles about their deaths due to illness, poisoning or unknown causes.

(six) the container packaging is unclean, seriously damaged or the means of transport is unclean, resulting in pollution.

(seven) doping, adulteration, forgery, affecting nutrition and hygiene.

(8) Processing non-food raw materials, adding non-food chemicals or treating non-food as food. Others do not meet the food hygiene standards and hygiene requirements.

Four, accept the food hygiene supervision and inspection of the polar health department on schedule.

How long does it take to write a business plan? If the professional organization needs 7-25 working days.

How much is the business plan? It mainly depends on the difficulty of your project, and the quotation and level are very different. You can consult Beijing Youxi, because there are central enterprises in the background, and the charging ratio is clear.