Is there a village called Sifang in Jiaozuo City?

Jiaozuo Archives Bureau February 28, 2008

Origin of Jiaozuo Place Names (1)

The Origin of the Name of Jiaozuo

The origin of some street names in urban areas

The place name of Jiaozuo is interesting.

The origin of Jiaozuo's name

Jiaozuo is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, on the bank of the Yellow River and at the foot of Taihang Mountain. It is an industrial city focusing on energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials, machinery, food, light industry, textile and medicine, an "excellent tourist city in China" represented by "Five Scenes" and "Ten Scenes", and a new comprehensive city with prosperous economy, perfect functions and beautiful environment.

Jiaozuo was originally a natural village. According to Jiaozuo's records, "Jiaozuo built the east and the west in ancient times. During the ancient Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, it belonged to Qinhuai Yongcheng, Jizhou; During the Qin, Han and Jin Dynasties, it belonged to Shanyang County, Hanoi County and State Department. Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties were under the jurisdiction of Xiuwu County, Huaizhou, Hebei Province, and the Yuan Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Xiuwu County, Huaiqing Road, Hebei Province. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were under the jurisdiction of Xiuwu County, Huaiqing Prefecture, Henan Province. " As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, coal was discovered in Jiaozuo area. From 65438 to 0898, Yingshangfu Company carried out large-scale mechanized coal mining in Jiaozuo area, gathered a group of industrial workers, and formed a certain scale of production and living quarters, which became the embryonic form of Jiaozuo. 19 10, the Qing government established Jiaozuo town, 1945 Jiaozuo city, 1948 Jiaozuo county, 1949 Jiaozuo mining area, 1956 Jiaozuo city, the State Council, which now governs 2 cities, 4 counties and 4 districts. Jiaozuo has developed from a former coal city into a new city with relatively complete production system, perfect urban functions and reasonable industrial layout.

So, how did the name "Jiaozuo" come from? Regarding the origin of the name "Jiaozuo", there are mainly the following statements.

"Coal Workshop" is named after "Coal Workshop". From the semantic analysis, "left" should be taken from the meaning of "workshop". Various handicrafts in ancient times were called "workshops". Because there are a lot of kiln industries here, around the development of kiln industry, there have been many workshops to assist workers' lives and workshops to dig coal for charcoal. According to the records of Jiaozuo City, in the early years, Yingshangfu Company dug up the "Kaiyuan" copper coins of the Tang Dynasty in the 14th underground. The Kaiyuan year of the Tang Dynasty was 74 1 year ago, which means that coal was dug here as early as 1200 years ago. 1976, Jiaozuo Museum discovered two ancient monuments, He Miao and Sihe Village, and also recorded laojunmiao, a temple that opened and repaired coal mines in the Song Dynasty. According to Xiuwu county records, there were more than 100 small coal mines here during Guangxu period, which shows that the coal mining industry was very prosperous in that year. Shuo Wen Jie Zi says from the word "jiao": "Jiao, fire hurts, and it comes from the sound of fire". Judging from the meaning of the word "Jiaozuo", it makes sense to say that it is a coal workshop.

"Jiaojia Workshop" is named after "Jiaojia Workshop". Legend has it that the name of Jiaozuo comes from a workshop set up by opening a kiln to dig coal, burn porcelain and burn lime. Therefore, it is considered that "Jiao" is the surname and the workshop is called "Zuo" for short, which is the name of Jiaozuo. According to several generations in East Jiaozuo, in ancient times, there was a surname Jiao in the village, and there was also a blacksmith's workshop in the village, so the Jiaojia workshop was called Jiaozuo for short. At the same time, judging from the names of villages near Jiaozuo, such as Shangbaizuo, Xiabaizuo, Nanjinzuo, Beijinzuo, Mazuo, Li Gui Zuozuo and Gengzuo were all named after surnames at that time. In ancient times, workshops named after surnames were also common. According to archaeological excavations, the backs of porcelain, lacquerware and pottery are also marked with surnames. Until today, there are still manual workshops named after surnames. Such as Wang Mazi scissors in Beijing, clay figurine Zhang in Tianjin and so on. So it may be that the surname Jiao is famous for opening a workshop here, so it is named "Jiaojia Workshop" after his surname. People call it "Jiaozuo" to save trouble. Now it is recognized that Jiaozuo's original coke mining workshop has historical authenticity.

The homophonic theory of "communication" comes from the homophonic theory of "communication". Over the years, there has been a legend among the masses: in ancient times, it was an endless wilderness with jujube forests. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, a group of immigrants moved in from the locust tree in Hongtong County, Shanxi Province. When they see so many jujube fruits here, they can satisfy their hunger. People settle down here, eat dates, reclaim land, pick dates, dry them and store them for the winter. This kind of jujube fruit is crisp and delicious after sun drying, which solves the problem of people's winter rations. In order to commemorate the contribution of this kind of "burnt jujube" to people, the name "burnt jujube" is used to express people's nostalgia for burnt jujube. With the passage of time, people cultivated land here, and the wilderness became a vast fertile field. People's concept of "jujube" became weak, and the word "jujube" was written as "left" and later called "Jiaozuo". It is still called "focal stove" in the local peasant dialect.

The origin of some street names in the city

When it comes to Jiefang Road, Zhu Min Road, Xinhua Street, Shengli Street, Heping Street and Minsheng Street, people will think of Zhongyuan Street, Fuzhong Street, Dongmashi Street, Ximashi Street, Dongxin Street and Yandian Street. Judging from the "Complete Map of Jiaozuo, Henan Province" recorded in Jiaozuo City Records, these streets were the main roads of Jiaozuo at that time. Now, let's talk about how these streets evolved to today!

Jiefang Road was once called "Zhongyuan Street", that is, the section of Jiefang Road from Zhu Min Road to Xinhua Street, which was then the east-west central street of Jiaozuo. The road was built around 19 15. Because there is "Zhongyuan Coal Company" in the north of the east end of the street, it is called "Zhongyuan Street".

/kloc-At the end of 0/9, at the beginning of 20th century, after British wealth companies plundered Jiaozuo coal mine resources, the small-scale coal mines operated by local people gradually united from the original competition and merger. These national capitalists deeply felt the weakness of their own capital in the struggle with the powerful British welfare companies, so in August of 19 14, Zhongzhou Company founded by Jin Fenghui, Yutai Company founded by Wang Mingxian, Mingde Company founded by Jin and Gao Fengrui merged to form a big company.

1948 After the second liberation of Jiaozuo, the municipal government renamed "Zhongyuan Street" as "Jiefang Road", which meant that the people of Jiaozuo who were heavily oppressed by imperialism, bureaucratic capitalism and feudal forces in the past gained freedom and named it "Jiefang Road".

Zhu Min Road was once called "Fuzhong Street" (now the section from Jiefang Road to Heping Street in Zhu Min Road) and "Datong Road" (now the north ramp of Zhu Min Middle Road overpass). Fuzhong Street was built in 19 15. Because the Fuzhong Head Office jointly organized by Zhongyuan Company and Fu Ying Company is located in the west of Fuzhong Street (now a three-dimensional commercial plaza), it was named "Fuzhong Street". At that time, there were only "People's Hospital" in the north of Fuzhong Company (now the parking lot in the north of Sanwei Commercial Plaza) and "Fuzhong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine" in the east of the road (now the Municipal Housing Management Bureau), and the Mining University in the west of the southern tip of Fuzhong Street (east of the west gate of Jiaozuo Mining Institute).

1938, after the Japanese invaders occupied Jiaozuo, they occupied the Fuzhong head office, and set up the "headquarters" in the "University of Mining and Technology", and in the past, they added armed guards. From then on, anyone who passes by here will bow 90 degrees to the Japanese invaders. If the bow is not enough, Japanese guards will run over and kick them, or even be caught in the killing field of the headquarters, killed alive, or fed to the German shepherd, or dragged into the underground tunnel. 1955, when opening a new road (now the middle section of Qingnian Road), this tunnel made of cement was dug, in which the bones of several innocent China people were found. The Japanese invaders treated the people of China like dirt and slaughtered them at will. From then on, this Fuzhong Street is no longer accessible to ordinary people. People would rather bypass Dongxin Street (now Heping West Street) than bend their knees and be humiliated. At that time, to the south of the Japanese aggressors' headquarters, it still belonged to Xijiao Village, and there was a brick high Dazhai Gate. To the south of this Zhaimen, there is a very long and narrow road leading to "Nanguan" (that is, where Datong Horse is now located). There is no street name in this part. Later, before the house was built, there were more people coming and going. Most of these builders are store operators. Because this road is the main road between towns and villages, especially between rural farmers, and the only way to sell vegetables and buy food in the city, it has gradually formed a vegetable market. Therefore, people in urban and rural areas are used to calling this market "Liang Fang Street" (now the north ramp of Zhu Min Middle Road overpass). 1946 after the fall of Jiaozuo, the Kuomintang puppet government once named this small street "Datong Road", which means "Great Harmony in the World". However, people in trouble, sending donations, repairing city walls, lead a miserable life.

1949, the municipal government named "Datong Road" as "Minzhu Road". The past bullying of British businessmen by foreigners, the brutal oppression of Japanese invaders and the extortion of Kuomintang reactionaries are gone forever. Under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China, the broad masses of the people have gained the real people's democratic rights, become the masters of the country and live a happy life.

When Xinhua Street mentions Xinhua Street, people will naturally think of "Yang Shu Street" or "Dongmashi Street", so let's start with the origin of "Yang Shu Street"!

If we want to talk about "Poplar Street", we should also talk about the origin of "Poplar". It turns out that there were two rows of poplars in this street, but they were not planted at the same time. At present, the poplar growing on both sides of the south section of Xinhua Middle Street is the earliest planted, about 1806, which was planted by Tian Jishan. Tian Jishan is a coolie pushing a cart to sell coal and other materials. In order to enjoy the cool in summer, 16 poplars were planted in front of the door. Later, Tian Jishan lost money in business. It is said that he owed a large debt to Fu Ying, and his house was confiscated by Fu Ying Company, which broke the industry. After Japan invaded Jiaozuo, Tian Jishan also set up a "foreign goods stall" for some time. Later, I don't know where it went. However, the poplars planted by Tian Jishan thrived and gradually grew into tall and stout trees. People take poplars as a symbol and call this street "Poplar Street". Before and after liberation, more than 10 poplar trees were sawn off, and now there are only five left.

At present, a row of large poplars growing on the east side of the southern end of Xinhua South Street was planted by Zhao Jinjing's family around 1932. Zhao Jinjing was originally from Hua County. In his twenties, he led his wife to flee to Jiaozuo, where he first planted trees and flowers in Fu Ying Company Garden (now Garden Street). Because foreigners in Britain insulted him, Zhao Jinjing, a young man, was very angry and quit his job. First, I worked as a long-term worker in a bamboo shop at home. Later, I sold noodles, drove a mill, built houses and planted poplars.

According to the Records of Xiuwu County in the 20th year of the Republic of China, Xinhua Street was called "Zhongshan East Street" at that time, and "Zhongshan" was the name of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, so the street name of "Zhongshan East Street" began in the early years of the Republic of China. In fact, before Zhongshan East Street, besides the folk "Yang Shu Street", there was also a resounding name "Dongmashi Street". The word "horse market" comes from the trading place where the feudal government exchanged gold, silk, tea and salt for horses with ethnic minorities since the Tang Dynasty. Later, people called the streets and towns dealing in goods, food and other materials "Marsh Street". Datong, Zhen Xuan, Zhangjiakou, Hebei and other towns have set up "horse markets" since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Dongmashi Street is a prosperous street that rose after 20 years of the Republic of China. Formerly known as "Ximashi Street" (now Shengli Street), it rose in the early stage of mining in the late Qing Dynasty, but Dongmashi Street was founded earlier than Ximashi Street, because Dongmashi Street was the earliest road from "North Factory" to "South Factory" (now Martyr Street in Fu Ying Company's general railway maintenance factory).

In earlier years, Dongmashi Street started from the T-junction at the southern end of the "Contractor's Office" and went all the way to the "South Factory". From north to south, there are Sihaichun Restaurant, Mingde Electric Light Room, Tongxinglou Restaurant, Qingyun Pavilion Bathhouse, Agricultural and Industrial Bank, Yanlingchun Restaurant of Zhongyuan Coal Mine Company, Yumaoxiang Pickled Vegetable Garden, DaoYangchun, Kouji Shoe Store, Zengfuxuan Restaurant and Lou Silversmith Furnace. 1898, after British imperialism occupied Jiaozuo, the comprador bourgeoisie in China set up a sales office in Jiaozuo to trade with Britain, and cloth shops of Kaifeng and Beijing-Tianjin groceries began to appear on the streets of Jiaozuo. 19 1 1 year, the number of commercial shops has grown to more than 150, including Taixing Hua, Tongxingde, Hexing, Yuhua, Yishengyong, Yulifeng Jin Dian, Shunlixing, Laofengxiang, Xiechenghe, He Xinyuan and Sheng Xingyong/kloc. At that time, these shop capitalists lent usury, issued counterfeit money indiscriminately and exploited the masses cruelly. The masses said: "foreign goods are piling up like mountains, and the poor have no clothes to wear." Borrowing money is like killing people, and borrowing one will pay back ten yuan. "

From 65438 to 0938, after the Japanese invaders occupied Jiaozuo, these businesses were damaged to varying degrees. 1948, local bandits and Yang burned and robbed the market business, and burned 15 store and 48 houses at one time. More than 100 stores closed down this year.

1949 After liberation, the municipal government named Zhongshan East Street "Xinhua Street", which is the abbreviation of "New China", meaning the new Chinese nation.

Heping Street was once called Dongxin Street, Liang Fang Street, Huanglian Street and Xiehe Street, that is, the section from Xinhua Street to Zhu Min. This street was built at 19 15. 193 1 years ago, because it was located in the east of Zhongshan East Street (now Xinhua Street) and belonged to Xinxing Street of Zhongshan East Street, it was named "Dongxin Street". At the beginning, at the eastern end of this street, flavor snack operators accounted for the majority. Around 1938, due to the growing business of Datong Road (now the north ramp of Zhu Min Road Interchange), Li Xide, president of Jiaozuo Commerce, opened a grain store in the east of Jia Fan Theater (now the west end of Heping West Street). At the same time, Li Xide's in-laws Qin Shaoye also opened a grain store in Lunan, just opposite him, so this street was once commonly known as "Grain Square Street" by the masses. Because there is an old neem tree in front of Li Jia's grain shop, it is commonly known as "Huanglian Street". 1942 or so, the pickles garden on the street was named Xie Shenghe Street.

1948 after the second liberation of Jiaozuo, people who do small businesses in this street are all beaming and smiling. Due to the extortion of Kuomintang reactionaries in the past, people were always worried about the bombing by enemy planes, and people were eager to live and work in peace. Therefore, the original "Dongxin Street" was changed to "Heping Street".

Minsheng Street was once called Zhemeisen Street, Yandian Street and Gongan Street. This street was built in 1904 (the 30th year of Guangxu reign). When British Fu Shang Company plundered Jiaozuo Coal Mine, Jiaozuo was the residential area of its employees. Named after Zhemeisen, the general chairman of Fufu Company. In its heyday, Fu Company was the political, economic and cultural center of Jiaozuo. At that time, the biggest shop in this street was a cigarette shop, so it was also called "cigarette shop street". In the early years of the Republic of China, the National Government set up a police station in the north of the east end of this street, and around 193 1 was changed to a public security bureau. At that time, the business of cigarette shops was cold, and the operators gradually closed the shop, so the name of cigarette shop street was changed to "Public Security Bureau Street". 1949, the municipal government named this street "Minsheng Street", which means people's livelihood.

Garden Street 1908, Fu Company, lives in the northern end of Jiaozuo. With the gradual expansion and increase of the mine, many staff and chefs have been added and many offices and houses have been built, which has been called "Westernization Institute". The most striking thing is that British businessmen and foreigners built a garden in their Westernization Garden. This garden was the second largest in Jiaozuo at that time. This is why Garden Street got its name.

Garden Street was called "Garden" when Britain and Japan invaded and plundered. 1948 when Jiaozuo was liberated for the second time, coal miners built houses in the north of Huayuan. Later, the 45th Construction Engineering Department of China's Ministry of Coal Industry set up an office in the park, built workers' houses around the office, and gradually formed a street. Now the south of Garden Street to Jiaozuo Printing Factory is the former site of "Garden" of British Fu Shang Company.

Interesting place names in Jiaozuo

"Nine Eighteen Rivers" and villages with the word "horse" are in our city, and many villages have the word "left" or "horse" in their names. "Left" means "workshop" and "horse" means "war horse". These villages named after "workshops" and "war horses" are not only unique in our province, but also rare in China.

In the past, there was a saying in Xiuwu county and Jiaozuo area called "Nine Workers and Eighteen Rivers". This sentence sums up the names of 27 villages. The "Nine Works" are Shangbaizuo, Xiabaizuo, Nanjinzuo, Beijinzuo, Dongjiaozuo, Xijiaozuo, Mazuo, Li Guizuo and Gengzuo. In ancient times, these place names were all named after "workshop", and later referred to as "left". Now it seems that the village names of our city and Xiuwu and Bo 'ai counties are "Left", not just "Nine Works". In addition, there are six works in Bo 'ai County, including Ren Ren, Su Jia Zuo and Che Jia Zuo. In history, there are as many as 17 villages in one city and two counties with the name of "workshop". "Eighteen Rivers" refers to Madao River, Zhangtong River, Sihe River, Hemiao River, Fenghe River, Hejiang River, Lihe River, Dong Run River, Xirun River, Zhangtian River, Panlong River, Zhouhe River, Zhanghe River, Henghe River, Niu Lao River, Gaoyao River, Maiji River and Xuhe River. These villages living on both sides of the Taihang River have a long history.

In our city, there are many village names with the word "horse". Such as: Ma Shang Village, Ma Zhong Village, Maxia Village, Madong Village, Majie, Dayanma, Ma Xiaoyan, Maliang, Mafang, Madaohe and Racecourse under Xiuwu County. These ancient villages with the word "horse" have a certain foundation in terms of their distribution topography. Therefore, Taihang Mountain and Jiuli Mountain in the north, especially the open plains with few mountains and rivers, are not only strategic places that are easy to defend but difficult to attack, but also good places for ancient war horses. Interestingly, from Feng Ying at the southern foot of Taihang Mountain to the north bank of the Yellow River, Wuzhi County's Feng Ying, Flying Mouse, Lebang, Motai, Zhu Ying, Diaotai, Xieqiying, Yaoqiying and Erpuying have formed a strategic defense line of more than a hundred miles from north to south.

Looking at the villages named "Left" or "Horse" in our city, it is conceivable that throughout the ages, it is not only a place with rich products, prosperous economy and developed handicrafts, but also an ancient battlefield full of wars, cheers and swords. In these villages, a large number of cultural relics and historical sites have been discovered, and various wonderful legends are circulating.