Which country is Saipan from?

Saipan is the capital of the United States Northern Mariana Islands Federation and the largest island in the Northern Mariana Islands. It is located in the western Pacific Ocean at 145 degrees east longitude and 15 degrees north latitude, that is, 200 kilometers north of Guam, between the Philippine Sea and the Pacific Ocean, facing the Philippine Sea in the southwest and the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.

Saipan Island is about 2 1km long, 9.7 km at its widest point and 1.22 km2 in area. The highest point is 466 meters above sea level, and the annual average temperature is 27℃, which belongs to a tropical maritime climate. The population of 20 16 of the Northern Mariana Islands Federation is about 55,000, and 90% of them live in Saipan. Galapan is the administrative center of the Northern Mariana Islands Federation.

Saipan is surrounded by water, with stable weather and plenty of sunshine all year round. It is a paradise for sunshine lovers and water sports lovers.

In Saipan, all major hotels and beaches offer windsurfing, diving, snorkeling, water speedboat, umbrella towing and fishing. The blue cave, the most distinctive diving spot in Saipan, is a must-see cave diving place for divers.

World War II remains are also important tourist attractions on the island. All kinds of relics exposed to the water and buried in the seabed and jungle, such as the wreckage of fighter planes, tanks and warships, have now become tourist spots.

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Historical investigation of Saipan

Chamorro people are the aborigines of Mariana Islands and came to Mariana Islands around 1500 BC.

During Magellan's voyage around the world, Guam was discovered on March 6, 152 1. 15656565438+1October, Spanish general Ricardo stopped at Guam on his way from Mexico to the Philippines, and announced that Spain owned all the islands in this area.

1668, Jesuit priest Sanwei Torres came to Guam from Manila, Philippines, and named the island where Guam and Saipan were located as Mariana Islands after the widow of King Philip IV of Spain. 1880, Saipan started smallpox vaccination, so it accumulated demographic data. There were 760 people in Saipan that year, and 1887 increased to 849 people.

1898 In April, a war broke out between the United States and Spain, and Spain was defeated and surrendered. 1898 65438+February 10 The two sides signed the Paris Peace Treaty, Spain ceded the Philippine Islands, Guam and Puerto Rico Island of the United States to the United States, and the United States paid Spain $20 million.

At the same time, Spain sold Palau, Caroline and Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean to Germany for $4.2 million.

At the beginning of World War I, Japan declared war on Germany. 19 14 10 In June, the Japanese invaded Saipan and seized control of the Northern Mariana Islands from Germany. After World War I, on May 19 19, the League of Nations authorized Japan to trust all the islands owned by Germany in the Pacific Ocean before the war.

Japan focused on developing sugarcane planting and sugar industry in Saipan, and began to build military facilities such as airports in Saipan in 1934. 194 1 year, there are more than 30,000 Japanese soldiers and civilians in Saipan and about 4,000 local aborigines.

194 1 65438+On February 7th, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, which triggered the Pacific War. Guam was captured by the Japanese on February 10. From 1942 to 1943, the United States gained the initiative in the war after the battles of Coral Sea, Midway Island and Guadao.

1944, the us military changed the tactics of "island-by-island attack" to "leapfrog" tactics, that is, it crossed the secondary islands defended by the Japanese army and directly seized strategic positions. The first targets were Saipan and Guam.

1On June 5th, 944, American troops landed from the southwest of Saipan, and occupied the Japanese airport in the south of Saipan two days later. Then attack north and capture the commanding heights of Saipan on June 26. Until 1 945 65438+February1,the last 48 Japanese troops walked out of the jungle and surrendered to the American army. After this war, the control of the sea and air in Mariana Islands was completely controlled by the US military.

1947, the United Nations authorized the United States to entrust the northern Mariana Islands, Caroline Islands, Marshall Islands and other western Pacific islands. 1962 Saipan became the capital of the trusteeship.

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