Eight years of bloody War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression on Sujia Railway

1937 After the Battle of Songhu, because the railway near Shanghai was within the Japanese firepower, troops from Hangzhou to the north of Shanghai and from Nanjing to the southern suburbs of Shanghai could only pass the Sujia Railway. Therefore, the railway has become the most important communication line between the front and rear and the western periphery of Shanghai, and Suzhou and Jiaxing have also become important military transit stations. Therefore, enemy planes regard Sujia Railway as one of their key targets. Mao Dun, a famous writer, wrote in the article Sujiadao: "Sujiadao, which runs through the Shanghai-Hangzhou and Beijing-Shanghai lines, carries the mission of' extraordinary times'. ..... but with the train, there is a silver-gray belt, that is, the canal. This kind canal has unfortunately become the best symbol for enemy planes to find Sujia Road. "

On August 17, Jiaxing Station was bombed by Japanese planes for the first time. On the morning of September 6th, two Japanese planes dropped seven bombs near Zhan Jia, and some roadbed and railway tracks were destroyed. In the afternoon, Japanese planes bombed Suzhou Station, dropped 18 bombs, and destroyed the station building, killing four or five hundred people. 101October 13, five Japanese planes dropped 1 1 bombs over Zhan Jia, destroying platforms, overpasses and tracks, and the Jiaxing section of the Sujia Railway was also destroyed. 15 in the morning, two Japanese planes dropped three bombs on Wang Ping station, many bridges and tracks were destroyed, and the whole station was blown into ruins. On June 9 and 22, 65438, Xiangmen Station was bombed twice. 165438+ 10 13, three Japanese planes dropped two bombs at the intersection of Sujia and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo.

During the battle between Songhu and Shanghai for more than three months, Sujia Railway injected countless fresh blood into Shanghai's defense war: in late July, 6 1 Division 2 Brigade entered Shanghai Hongqiao Airport via this line. On August 29th, a teaching corps of the Central Military Academy went to Jiaxing via this line to reinforce Fengxian. At the end of September, the group of 19 division 1 10 took a bus to Suzhou along this line and changed to Shanghai. 1October 5th, 1 1 Division is going to set out from this line to Fengjing to stop the Japanese army. On the 8th, the 327th Brigade of 109 Division went to Jiashan via this line to stop the Japanese army ... Sujia Railway was often bombed, but with the efforts of railway workers, all the damaged facilities were repaired in the middle of the night, ensuring the safe driving of military vehicles in the second half of the night. The Sujia Railway is the lifeline of refugees. There are trains carrying refugees every day, and the carriages and roofs are crowded with people.

Due to the stubborn resistance of the national government forces, the Japanese army made slow progress in Shanghai. The 6th, 10, 18,14 Japanese divisions landed in jinshanwei, Hangzhou Bay on June 5, 5438+065438+ 10, all the way to Shanghai, and the other way to attack Fengjing, in an attempt to cut off Sujia and Shanghai-Hangzhou. On the 7th, the Japanese Chief of Staff issued an order explicitly restricting the Japanese army from making any action across the Sujia railway line in order to wait for the reply of the National Government to the peace talks. On the 8th, the Third Theater Command of the Kuomintang Army ordered a full retreat. On the 9th, the main force of 10 army advanced to Wang Ping-Jiaxing, and 18 and10/4 divisions pointed directly at Jiaxing. On June 1 1 day, Shanghai fell. 13 on June 38, the third theater issued the third theater commander's order 10, stipulating that the left-wing battle group should be evacuated to the western Five Blessingg line and the right-wing battle group should be evacuated to the Zapingjia line. The left and right regiments were connected by the Sujia Railway, which blocked the Japanese attack from Changshu to the east of the Sujia Railway. 14, the Japanese army occupied Wang Ping, the South Road, and the Sujia Railway was forced to stop running. The Japanese attacked North Road, and the 3rd and 9th Divisions pointed to Suzhou along beijing-shanghai railway. In June, 5438+05, Zhang Fakui, Commander-in-Chief of the Right Wing Army of the National Government, went to Tongxiang Puyuan to supervise the war, and 10 Army Command was stationed at Jiaxing Airport. At noon, the enemy in Jiashan gathered the enemy in the direction of the railway king, dividing Jiaxing into two roads in the northeast, while the Kuomintang army struggled to intercept Sujia and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo. On the same day, the Japanese army invaded the king's territory. 16 In June, Japanese 10 troops took Wang Ping as their base and prepared to attack Nanjing along the south bank of Taihu Lake. 18 at 8 o'clock in the morning, the national government troops began to evacuate Jiaxing. At noon, Japanese troops attacked Jiaxing from Wangyan Sujia Railway, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway and Jiaping Highway. A Japanese army invaded No.97 Bridge of Sujia Railway, and a Kuomintang army fought fiercely with the Japanese army on Qiujing Bridge (bullet marks have been left on the bridge so far). At 3 pm, the Japanese army invaded Jiaxing, and a Kuomintang army stationed at Qiujing Bridge withdrew from Jiaxing late at night due to heavy casualties. On the same day, Wujiang River was occupied by Japanese troops along the Sujia Railway. At the same time, 1000 Kuomintang troops stopped the Japanese invasion along the beijing-shanghai railway in Sunjiabang, Suzhou. In the afternoon 10, Sunjiabang fell, and about 40,000 Kuomintang troops stationed in Suzhou City retreated to Wuxi in disorder. 19, under the promise of enthusiastic front-line officers, the Japanese army launched a battle to break through the command line of Sujia Railway and attacked Nanjing. At 6 o'clock in the morning, the Japanese 18 division was Kataoka and Mount Fuji; 1 14 divisions such as Yamazaki, Yamamoto and Yamada invaded Jiaxing from Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway, Sujia Railway and Jiaping Highway, and Jiaxing fell. On that day 16, Suzhou was occupied by the 6th and 9th divisions of the Japanese army. At this point, the Sujia Railway all fell into the hands of the Japanese army, and the Zhapingjia-Five Blessingg line, the longest defense line in Jiangsu and Zhejiang national defense projects painstakingly managed by the National Government, collapsed.

After the fall, the Japanese army burned and looted along Sujia, lying dead everywhere, desolate everywhere. It also forced thousands of migrant workers to speed up the construction of railways, so as to make railways a tool of aggression and realize its so-called policy of "maintaining wars by fighting". April 26th 1939, the whole line was repaired. On the 30th, the Japanese puppet "Huazhong Railway Co., Ltd." was established, and the Sujia Railway was occupied by "Huatie". The stationmaster, drivers, staff and even ticket inspectors of Sujia Railway Station are almost all Japanese. There are more than 300 Japanese employees in Sujia and Shanghai-Hangzhou railway stations, and Chinese employees can only do odd jobs. After the full line of Sujia Railway is restored to traffic, three pairs of hybrid vehicles will be operated every day, but mainly military vehicles. After 1940, the puppet government of Wang managed the railway in the name of the Ministry of Railways, but it was still directly controlled by Huatie and the Japanese army.

The Japanese army took various measures to block and protect the Sujia Railway, and bunkers were built at all stations along the line. In addition, there are two turrets in Danpaidang Village, Qizhen Township, Jiaxing, and several bunkers in Suzhou. 1938, more than 200 Japanese troops were stationed on Sujia Railway, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway and Jiaping Highway. In March, strong men were forced to piece together a railway protection team to patrol Sujia and Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railways at night. Although the Sujia Railway has become an important military route of the Japanese army, guerrillas in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces have been active along the railway. They performed a "Flying Tigers" in the south of the Yangtze River: 1938 65438+ 10. In October, "The Japanese army moved the main force in the south of the Yangtze River to Xuzhou battlefield, leaving only a few troops in the north of Zhejiang, and the Kuomintang army 10 took the opportunity to go deep into the battlefield. 101On the evening of October 28th, four railway bridges in Jiaxing section were bombed. 1In the first half of 939, Gu Liezhi's self-defense oil tanker was active in the port near Wang. In August, the Kuomintang troops in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui launched a general counterattack on the anniversary of August 13th. In the same month, Zhu's troops successfully attacked the newly-built Japanese ammunition depot-Jinjiachi Station (located between Heshengze). 165438+1On October 7th, a certain unit of the 62nd Division of the Kuomintang Army braved the downpour to attack Wang Faqi. The two sides fought fiercely on the No.79 railway bridge south of the railway station, and the war situation soon spread to the whole Wang Ping and Huzhou areas. On the evening of 29th, a guerrilla in Jiaxing, with the cooperation of Wujiang, blew up the railway near Bridge 62 in the south of Wang Ping Town. In February 65438, a section of track south of Wang Ping Station was demolished.

From the second half of 194 1, the Japanese army and the Wang Puppet Army carried out a large-scale "hometown cleaning" in the occupied areas in three stages. In June, 194 1, the first phase of Jiangsu Qing Xiang project started. 1In July, 942, Jiaxing started the first phase of township cleaning, and the area east of the railway was placed under the responsibility of Jiangsu Province. In Qing Xiang, the Japanese army further blocked the Sujia Railway, built bamboo fences and dug trenches on both sides of the railway. 1in July, 942, the power grid was set up at an important section next to the Sujia Railway, and it died at the touch of it. The Japanese army set up checkpoints at the entrance and exit of each station to check passengers' luggage and conduct searches. If people want to cross the railway, they have to submit a "good citizen certificate" in addition to bowing to the Japanese sentry. "If you are not careful, you will be killed. People who steal railways will also be killed if they are discovered by the Japanese army." At the same time, the Japanese army organized the "Love Road Club", set up grass sheds on both sides of the railway, and sent people to guard the railway every night. If the railway is destroyed and no "criminals" can be found, the Japanese army will sweep the villages near the railway and kill innocent people. For example, in August of 1942, a guerrilla bombed a section of Wangbei Township in Shengze, and the township head and nine villagers were escorted by the Japanese army to the Wujiang gendarmerie to extort confessions by torture for 20 days.

In many times of clearing the countryside, although the Japanese army invested tens of thousands of troops along the railway, it was repeatedly hit hard by the fierce counterattack of guerrillas, and often lost ground in railway strongholds and towns along the line. By the end of 1943, the bamboo fences along the railway had been demolished by guerrillas and the masses.