Rand company detailed information daquan

RAND Corporation is the most important comprehensive strategic research institution in the United States. It is famous for its research on cutting-edge military science and technology and major military strategies, and then expanded to all aspects of domestic and foreign policies, and gradually developed into a comprehensive think tank for studying politics, military affairs, economic science and technology, society and other aspects. It is known as the "brain concentration camp" and "super military academy" of modern think tanks, as well as the pioneer and spokesperson of world think tanks. It can be said that it is the most prestigious decision-making consulting institution in the United States and even the world today. Company Name: Rand Corporation Foreign Language Name: RAND Headquarters Location: Santa Monica, California, USA Established Time: November 1948 Business Scope: Politics, Military Affairs, Economy, Science and Technology, Social Company Nature: Non-profit Private Research Institute Employees: 8 official website:: rand/ Company Profile, established, Operation, achievements, company characteristics, review mechanism, organization, successful experience, social evaluation, company events, company profile, the establishment of the American RAND Corporation RAND Corporation was formally established in November 1948. Headquartered in Santa Monica, California, USA, with an office in Washington, D.C., it is responsible for contacting * * *. During World War II, a group of American scientists and engineers took part in military work, applied operational research to combat, and achieved great success, which was highly valued by the ruling and opposition parties. After the war, in order to continue this work, in November 1944, General henry arnold, then commander of the Army Air Force, put forward a memorandum on the American Research and Development Plan after the War and the Next World War, demanding that these personnel be used to set up an "independent research institution with objective analysis between the government and the people" to "avoid future national disasters and win the next world war". According to this suggestion, at the end of 1945, the United States Army Air Force signed a contract with Douglas Aircraft Company for a "research and development" project of 1 million dollars, which is the famous "Rand Project". The name "Rand" is the abbreviation of the English word "research and development". Soon, the United States Army Air Force became an independent air force. In May, 1948, under the sponsorship of $1 million donated by Ford Foundation, "Rand Project" broke away from Douglas Aircraft Company and formally established the independent Rand Company. How does the operation of Rand Company work? As a "think tank", RAND Corporation usually establishes contractual relations with its customers. Many contracts of RAND Corporation are signed with the United States, such as the Ministry of National Defense, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Human Resources, the Ministry of Education, the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Medicine, and the Bureau of Statistics. Rand Company and many of the above customers have service contracts that are renewed for 3-5 years or annually, and the contract amount is about tens of millions of dollars. Within the scope stipulated in the contract, sometimes the researchers of RAND Company put forward specific project suggestions, and sometimes the customers put forward their own requirements, and then the two sides exchanged and discussed through talks, emails and other forms of communication, and modified the specific contents in one way or another, and finally formed the Project Description file, including problems, methods, background, data, progress, budget, timetable, etc. Next, the project began to be implemented, and the budget was in place. Rand Company provided the results of the report and research according to the schedule to complete the project. Rand company has 7 ~ 8 projects at the same time every year. In addition to most of the * * * projects arranged according to the long-term contract and the * * * budget, there are some projects that Rand thinks are meaningful or will have a significant impact. For the latter type of project, Rand will recommend and sell it to potential users after the topic is opened, or tell potential users in a bold way after the research, and mobilize them to buy the research results. Under normal circumstances, RAND will provide up to five decision-making consultation options to the project client, and advise the users of the possible consequences, advantages and disadvantages of each option in politics, economy, public relations and so on. Provide scientific, objective, fair and comprehensive decision-making suggestions to decision makers. Different people and decision makers with different personalities will make different decisions from these choices and get different results. Rand currently has 1,6 employees, including about 8 professional researchers. In addition to its high-quality structure, RAND Group has hired about 6 nationally renowned professors and various senior experts as its special consultants and researchers. Their main tasks are to participate in the top management of RAND and to conduct research, analysis and demonstration on major topics, so as to ensure the research quality and the authority of research results. The advantage of Achievement Rand is to conduct strategic research. It has carried out many predictive and long-term studies, and put forward many ideas and predictions that the parties did not think of at all, and then it took a long time to be confirmed. It is through these accurate predictions that Rand has established its own credibility in the consulting industry all over the world. At the beginning of its establishment, the research results of RAND Company were not taken seriously because of its little fame at that time. There is a rumor in China that one thing has made RAND famous. On the eve of the Korean War, RAND organized a large number of experts to evaluate the Korean War, and predicted whether China would send troops to North Korea. The conclusion was only one sentence: "China will send troops to North Korea". At that time, RAND wanted to transfer the research report to the Pentagon for $5 million. However, the top military officials in the United States dismissed Rand's report. In their view, the new China at that time did not have the possibility of sending troops regardless of human and financial resources. However, the development and ending of the war was accurately stated by Rand. This incident made American political circles, military circles and even the whole world sit up and take notice of RAND Corporation. After the war, the Pentagon spent 2 million yuan to acquire this overdue report. In fact, this is a fictional story. After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union dominated the world. The United States has always wanted to know about the development of satellites in the Soviet Union. In 1957, RAND Company predicted in detail the time when the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite, and the result was only two weeks away from the actual launch time, which shocked the Pentagon. Since then, RAND has truly established its position in the United States. Since then, RAND Corporation has successfully predicted the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the Cuban missile crisis, the Great Depression of the United States and the reunification of Germany. These predictions have made RAND Corporation famous and become the chief think tank of American political and military circles. Rand Company The research results of Rand Company attract worldwide attention. He has published more than 18, research reports, 3,1 papers in periodicals and nearly 2 books. Among the hundreds of research reports every year, 5% are confidential and 95% are public, and these 5% confidential reports are constantly being decrypted with the passage of time. These reports include China's air force in the 21st century, China's automobile industry, Japan's defense plan, Japan's high technology, Russia's nuclear power, South Korea and North Korea, and the rapid reaction force of the United States on the digital battlefield. Rand Corporation is known as the "think tank" and "brain concentration camp" of the United States, which affects and influences the decision-making of a series of major affairs in the United States, such as politics, economy, military affairs and diplomacy. While providing decision-making services for the United States and the military, RAND provides a wide range of decision-making consulting services for the business community by using a large number of world-class think tanks under its command, and enjoys a worldwide reputation for the accuracy and authority of "enterprise diagnosis". Rand analysts believe that 85% of every 1 large enterprises in the world go bankrupt because of careless decision-making by enterprise managers. With the intensification of global commercial competition, the decision-making ability of an enterprise manager largely determines the future and destiny of the enterprise. For a long time, Rand insists that it is only a non-profit private research institution, which works independently and has only one customer contract relationship with the United States. Rand Company strives to maintain its independence by having different customers. Although most of Rand's customers are from the United States, even for one customer, such as the Pentagon, there are agencies such as land, sea, air, intelligence, and the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and there are many different departments. Rand achieved some independence by dealing with different departments. At the same time, Rand also has many customers from non-* * departments and the private sector. After the 199s, 65% of RAND's revenue came from the United States. That is to say, 65% of RAND's business came from the United States, and the remaining 35% of its business was distributed among many different customers, such as American states, foreign countries, private companies and funded foundations. Rand has always maintained a cultural tradition of independence. Rand company has the freedom to publish research results and make them available to the public. As a policy research institution, Rand can tell the truth, whether it is good or bad for customers. Customers who pay Rand should be prepared to accept the possibility that Rand's research results are inconsistent with their policies or even conflict with each other. Therefore, Rand's customers should pay more attention to the objectivity and impartiality of Rand's research, rather than asking Rand to tell them what they want to hear. And just some people are afraid of Rand's independence and dare not hire Rand. This independence of RAND Corporation is guaranteed by a supervisor composed of more than 2 people. The members of the board of supervisors have the power to manage and dominate the Rand Company, that is to say, they are the real owners of the Rand Company, but they do not own any property of the Rand Company. Review mechanism Rand has a review mechanism for a certain research division of the company every 4-5 years, with the purpose of examining whether its research is valuable. There are various reviews at RAND, including independent reviews. First of all, the management of the department responsible for the project or research should conduct a quality review of its own research. Then, it was handed over to the project reviewers for review. One reviewer did not belong to RAND Company, but was invited from outside. The other three or four reviewers came from Ylander Company, but they did not participate in the reviewed project or research. Rand has a set of internal quality standards, and the company requires reviewers to review the research results of researchers according to this quality standard. Rand company has about 8 professional researchers. Any professional researcher will participate in the review, and will participate in the review more than once in his Rand career. Organization (1) Rand Council (2) Rand National Security Investigation Department and National Defense Research Institute (3) Acquisition of books and materials and Policy Research Center for Technical Development: Richard O. Haendly (4) Military Power and Resource Policy Center: Susan D. Hosek (5) International Security and Defense Research Center: Gregor F. Trevor (6) Asia-Pacific Policy Research Center: Raquel Swinge (agent) (7) Middle East National Policy Research Center. Green ⑻ Center for Russian and European Studies: Jeremy A. Azrall ⑼ Rand Human Health Project Center ⑽ Rand Labor and Population Research Program Office ⑾ Rand Domestic Judicial Research Institute ⑿ Rand Education and Training Institute ⒀ Rebuilding the public * * * Education Research Center ⒁ Rand Air Force Planning Department ⒂ Rand Company Europe Branch ⒃ Rand Company Board of Directors ⒃ Promote the rapid development of the company. In 1948, the Rand project team, which had just been founded for more than one year, recruited more than 2 people for the first time, covering mathematics, physics, chemistry, economy, psychology and other fields. After obtaining the first investment from the Ford Foundation, Rand began to plan to build its own building. Two years later, the fledgling and unknown Rand dared to sell his research results on the Korean War to the Pentagon at a high price of $5 million. These practices are really hard for ordinary entrepreneurs to imagine. Indeed, from the beginning, Rand's leaders had great ambitions, hoping that their company would become the top consulting company in the world. However, on November 2, 214, members of the delegation of Internet opinion leaders from China visited the United States and had a frank exchange with the Washington branch of RAND Corporation of the United States. During this period, RAND executives denied that they had made an advance prediction about China's sending troops to North Korea, saying that this statement was similar to a "fairy tale". The higher positioning determines Rand's series of big moves. Although there are certain risks in high investment, as the old saying in China says: "Take the law from it and get it from it; It is difficult for individuals and organizations to achieve much without lofty aspirations. If RAND Company follows their first research topic "Preliminary Design of Experimental Global Spacecraft" step by step, and locks its research direction in the satellite field without paying attention to non-professional issues such as the Korean War, it is likely to lose the opportunity of rapid development. Although it may become a more prominent research institution in a professional and technical field later, its influence can never be compared with today's RAND. It can be said that it was the "audacity" and "expansionary" investment of the Rand founder in the early stage of development that made the later Rand miracle. Choosing a topic for discussion and expanding popularity have completed numerous research topics in the history of RAND Corporation for more than 5 years, many of which have great influence in the consulting field. But if the same Korean talks about RAND, his first thought is that RAND Corporation has successfully predicted that China will send troops to North China. This "small" project, which was spontaneously studied at the beginning of RAND's creation, has brought it such a huge and long-term reputation that many people may not have thought of it. It should be said that many of Rand's research topics are very clever. It is a coincidence to pay attention to international hot issues, from the Korean War in 195 to the Vietnamese War in the 196s, information technology in the 197s, to the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the merger of Germany and Germany in the 198s and 199s, the post-cold war strategy, and even the recent Middle East issue, Taiwan Province issue and North Korea issue, all of which are "star issues" attracting worldwide attention. The research on these problems can easily attract public attention, thus invisibly expanding their popularity and attracting more business investment. Rand Corporation was able to get financial support from major banks and foundations shortly after its establishment, and was attached great importance by the US military and the * * * department. Apart from the personal background of its founder, its achievements in Korean War prediction should be said to be indispensable. Er Qiao, Qiao has carried out a large number of predictive topics in it. The biggest feature of the predictive project is that its results can be quantified, whether it is accurate or not, and how big the gap is, just by comparing with the actual situation that finally happens. Although forecasting topics are risky, from the actual effect, the prestige brought by accurate forecasting is far greater than the damage caused by failure of forecasting. The research angle of many of its topics is often more inclined to macro management and planning, rather than in-depth study of some professional and technical issues. The advantages of doing this are very obvious: first, it has a high level and a new angle, which is more likely to attract the attention of senior managers; Second, the research methods are universal. Although the subject may come from many fields, researchers do not have to be proficient in every field, and the theoretical methods of management can be used in all aspects.