Haier Logistics and Midea Logistics System

Haier Logistics and Midea Logistics System

Introduction: For the growing home appliance enterprises, their logistics system mainly has two forms: self-built and third party. The following is the logistics system of Haier and Midea that I brought to you. I hope it helps you.

With the modern market becoming more and more standardized and the pace of enterprise's transformation of supply chain accelerating, market chain process reengineering and innovation have become new profit growth points, and logistics is the most critical factor in the process of enterprise process reengineering.

We often talk about how to promote products and how to segment the market, but most enterprises don't know how to manage the logistics market. The management strategy and operation skills of enterprise logistics are a blank area here.

Modern logistics industry has left huge profit growth space for enterprises, and also brought opportunities and challenges to traditional transportation enterprises!

Due to the limitation of the industry, it is impossible for enterprises to invest a lot of money, manpower and material resources in logistics to establish a complete operation system and feedback mechanism, so it is impossible to inform the headquarters of the inventory and distribution details of goods in time, resulting in the delay of information feedback, which leads to the inability of goods to accurately know their own situation (quantity, model, loss and sales volume) after leaving the finished goods warehouse of the production base, which leads to the inability of enterprises to accurately arrange production, but at the same time, it is necessary to maintain the inventory base of the finished goods warehouse in order to make a passive judgment. The cost will increase, even if the finished goods warehouse rationalizes its inventory in the production base, it will transfer the inventory to the regional transit warehouse and lose the control and information source of the finished goods.

The ultimate goal of modern logistics is to completely separate the logistics of manufacturing enterprises from the core business of enterprises, so that manufacturing enterprises can concentrate their capital, manpower and material resources on their own core manufacturing fields. Giving logistics services such as transportation and warehousing to specialized logistics companies in the original enterprise is the embodiment of the development law of increasingly fine division of labor in social industries. Choosing a good logistics partner can not only realize the best integration and maximum utilization of internal resources and open up new profit growth points, but also add a heavy weight in market development, information processing, financial consultation and strategic decision-making.

To understand the enterprise logistics in China, we must first understand the basic modes of foreign logistics, so as to adjust our own logistics pace.

Logistics centralization in the United States

Does the American logistics model of logistics centralization emphasize? Integrated logistics management system? , is a kind of overall interests, break through the department in charge of the system, unified planning and management as a whole. During World War II, the logistics centralization in the United States was perfectly implemented in the war logistics, and finally won the war.

The distribution center of Wal-Mart in the United States is a typical embodiment of logistics centralization. Sam Wharton established Wal-Mart, the largest retailer in the world, relying on the principle of logistics first.

Efficient Japanese distribution center

In Japan, logistics is an independent field, which is restricted by many factors. Logistics (less inventory and more wholesale) and sales (more inventory and less wholesale) are opposite, so we must make overall planning to minimize the overall cost. Japan's logistics is interpreted as high efficiency and refinement, and new technologies are proud of improving the speed and efficiency of logistics. EDI standard has been widely used in Japan, such as road information management communication system (VICS), non-stop automatic payment system (ETC), modern safety vehicle (ASV), traffic management system (UTMS), wireless mobile identification technology, sensor information system, and general label for logistics operation (EDI standard).

The world's number one 17- 1 1 convenience store has built a huge system of 7-1/convenience chain stores by taking advantage of Japan's geographical advantages and efficient logistics. It has become an indispensable part of the daily life of the Japanese public.

For the growing home appliance enterprises, their logistics system mainly has two forms: self-built and third party. Haier, Midea and Electrolux are among them. Combined with the situation of foreign logistics, this paper analyzes the logistics situation of Haier and Midea, the representatives of China enterprises, hoping to have a good reference for enterprise logistics.

Haier's Logistics Operation —— Do it yourself and plan it in a unified way

Zhang Ruimin, president of Haier, was quoted as saying at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland: In 2000, Haier's achievements benefited from process reengineering and market chain innovation. Shen, secretary-general of China Storage and Logistics Association, commented on Haier. China Logistics Management Awakens the First Person? Haier has realized unified procurement, and JIT (just-in-time system) has reduced the logistics procurement cost; Unified distribution, realize JIT distribution management within the enterprise; Establish a three-dimensional warehouse to achieve? Zero inventory? Management.

Haier group is the most typical home appliance enterprise with its own logistics system. Start with 1999. Market chain? Business process reengineering is the link, with order information flow as the center, which drives the operation of logistics, business flow and capital flow. Haier logistics? The first-class triple play fully embodies the characteristics of modern logistics. ? First-rate? It takes the order information flow as the center; ? Triple network? They are global supply chain resource network, global distribution resource network and computer information network. ? Triple network? Synchronous flow supports the increment of order information flow.

At the end of 1999, Haier established the logistics promotion headquarters, which consists of three divisions: procurement division, distribution division and storage and transportation division, and established 36 regional distribution centers, initially establishing a national network.

Haier logistics has obviously moved closer to the centralization of logistics in the United States, and achieved good results in the initial stage of implementation. Before the establishment of the logistics headquarters, Haier's inventory time was 30 days. After a year's efforts, it was reduced to 13 days in 2006+0, and Haier's goal in 2002 was to reduce its inventory from1500 million to 300 million. The reduction of logistics costs is reflected in the funds occupied by inventory and procurement funds.

Haier Logistics Headquarters will merge the procurement businesses scattered in various product divisions, implement unified procurement, and realize JIT(just in time) procurement at the lowest cost. Equipment as big as several hundred yuan, as small as office supplies such as screws and ballpoint pens, are all purchased in a unified way. After the implementation of unified procurement, the prices of some parts are reduced by 5%-8%. For the procurement of large enterprise groups, Haier's income is very considerable.

Haier arranges logistics in this way: At present, seven industrial parks in Haier are mainly divided into three parts: 1. Take the industries of Qingdao and its surrounding factories as export bases, and export by cheap labor and low-cost sea transportation. 2. Hefei-based industrial parks include factories in Guangdong and Guizhou, forming localized production bases and saving logistics costs. 3. The United States, represented by 10 other overseas factories, has formed local logistics, and the base, production, procurement and sales are all localized, greatly reducing the logistics cost.

At the same time, Haier tried to put the logistics operation under its own control. However, due to the deviation of China's national conditions, logistics foundation and actual operation, Haier has many problems such as cost, speed and income after two years of operation.

The analysis reasons are as follows:

1 Haier's logistics is not socialized, is it still going on? Big and complete? 、? Small and complete? Our production mode and management concept make freight in a closed state, which increases the operating cost.

For the logistics infrastructure, Haier invested heavily in the construction of Qingdao Stereo Warehouse, but it was unable to invest in the renovation of shelves, pallets, forklifts and warehouses in leased warehouses all over the country. Facing the logistics information system (ALIS), satellite positioning system (GPS), electronic map (GIS) and electronic data standardization (EDI), it is even more impossible for Haier to make large-scale investment, because Haier's strategic goal is to become a world-renowned home appliance manufacturer, not a logistics enterprise.

2. Haier adopts Qingdao factory (or local production base)-local regional distribution center-seller (or Haier image shop).

Which factory? Because Haier is easy to dispatch and manage, it hands over its business to its own vehicles or signs a large fleet, regardless of scattered vehicles, resulting in high transportation prices.

The regional distribution center adopts the distribution system for sellers, and the distribution instructions are issued by local industry and trade companies. Because the distribution center can't know the whereabouts of products in advance, it can only rely on the local distribution enterprises, but the cost settlement is carried out by the Qingdao headquarters of logistics promotion, which makes the local distribution enterprises add the advance capital cost to the distribution expenses. For example, in June 2002, Xin Sheng Logistics Company in Xi 'an was still pursuing the distribution cost of 200 1 year, so it had to consider the capital cost in future distribution.

3. For IT products that do not belong to the characteristics of household appliances logistics, Haier is difficult to do, which is counterproductive.

In March, 200 1 year, Haier cancelled local computer branches and changed to regional system; Recover the capital flow and logistics of the computer division and merge them into the logistics headquarters of the industry and trade company and the group respectively, which are controlled by the group; Haier 3C is responsible for business flow and sales, and gives 5% of the profits to the above two departments in order to obtain the support of corresponding capital flow and logistics.

In fact, after the rectification in March, a considerable number of dealers felt that logistics did not accelerate, but it was slower. A batch of goods originally sent to Shanxi may arrive 1 day through Beijing branch, which only needs tens of dollars; However, it takes several days to switch to the unified platform of Haier Group's logistics headquarters, and the cost has also increased to several hundred yuan. The inherent channels of household appliances distort the characteristics of IT logistics, such as high turnover frequency, small batch, multiple varieties, high speed and personalization.

On the other hand, after the raw materials of Haier computer were uniformly planned, purchased and transported within the group, the platform was obviously shared. However, due to insufficient scale, inflexible mechanism and high procurement cost, the price policy of Haier Computer is directly affected.

Beautiful logistics operation-smooth logistics and safe logistics.

Compared with Guangdong Shunde Midea Group, Ande Logistics is still relatively unfamiliar to many people. The logistics industry is highly targeted, and the differentiation of serving customers makes Andrew? Moisturize things silently? . In fact, like Haier, Midea Group put logistics in a strategic position at the end of 1999. If Haier regards logistics as a machine to reduce costs, Midea Group regards logistics as a machine to make money. On June 5438+ 10, 2000, Midea Group Holdings established Ande Logistics Company and spun off its logistics business. As an independent division of Midea Group, Ande Logistics Company has become a third-party logistics company in other product divisions of Midea, and also develops its business as a professional logistics company. Lu Lixin, deputy general manager of Midea Group Ande Logistics Company, said that other divisions of Midea can use Ande Logistics, but they can also choose other logistics companies.

In the past two years, Amdo has carried out its own development direction: manufacturing enterprises sell integrated logistics service providers. Supply chain technical consultant, and successfully put modern logistics into practice, with the help of American sales network, constantly accept new blood. In 2002, Ande established strategic partnership with TCL, Digital China, Founder, Shida, Panda, Lehua and Conch.

The national comprehensive storage system is the skeleton of Ande logistics. At present, Ande has built four storage centers in Shunde, Hangzhou, Zhengzhou and Wuhu, all of which have realized information management and implemented the management mode of "one vote to the end". Manage more than 100 warehouses all over the country, and carry out efficient information interaction management with Internet-based information systems. Shunde, Nanjing, Xi, Beijing, Shanghai and other 10 logistics centers have been built. Because Midea gave Andrew the overall cost of logistics, this cost cannot be changed once it is signed. Therefore, Andrew must have a good understanding of the warehouse resources, transportation resources and distribution resources of each place in order to make a profit.

Because of following Midea, Ande has set up business outlets in 68 cities. It is precisely because of these outlets that Ande has made many enterprises that need to outsource logistics choose Ande.

Beauty and logistics processes are as follows:

1. Ande can provide the overall warehousing situation of enterprises all over the country, and the situation on the way can let the headquarters of enterprises keep abreast of their own logistics situation. Ande also provides detailed 24-hour online reports through the ALIS system.

Ande can assemble and transport the goods of different customers, saving a lot of transportation costs.

3 In the regional logistics center, Ande can freely allocate storage resources, so that air conditioners, color TVs and conch profiles in February, May and 10 can be fully allocated. Ande can invest in large-scale transformation of warehouses and improve the utilization rate of tools such as shelves, forklifts and pallets, because it can bring tangible benefits.

Each regional distribution center in Midea manages different departments: air conditioning division, household appliances division and cabinet division. For their logistics, taking the market as a reference, every quotation for transportation or distribution must be audited by the business department, so it is safe to make full use of social resources and find the lowest and most reasonable price. And open its transportation system to the public.

At the beginning of Ande's establishment, many people opposed it, including experts, colleagues and senior personnel within Midea Group. Because they think that Midea is good at making household appliances, and logistics is a non-core business. Andrew also made the mistake of getting quick success and instant benefit. Think about it? A wolf with empty gloves? But in the end, it did not go astray, but consolidated the foundation of Ande logistics in network construction and information system management.

The logistics situation of Midea and Haier is only a typical epitome of enterprise logistics in China.

Unlike Midea's third-party logistics, which belongs to its own assets, the third-party logistics selected by Electrolux, a representative of home appliance enterprises, belongs to non-owned assets. They completely outsource logistics to third-party logistics enterprises, and third-party logistics service providers provide them with logistics services in the whole or part of the supply chain in order to obtain certain profits.

Most people in the industry believe that it is hard to say who is superior or inferior to the self-built logistics system, third-party logistics or other logistics methods. Self-built logistics system saves costs and brings market competitiveness to enterprises; However, there are many problems in the self-built logistics system of enterprises. The most prominent problem is that enterprises have to spend a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, and relatively speaking, the play of their core functions will be weakened to some extent; Moreover, the logistics system established by a single enterprise is difficult to reach a certain scale. Realizing economies of scale is the advantage of third-party logistics.

According to the analysis of logistics enterprises in China, 85% of China's logistics income comes from basic services, 53% from transportation, 32% from warehousing, and only 15% comes from value-added services, logistics information services and financial services supporting logistics. For most enterprises, unpacking inspection, bar code labeling, spare parts matching and after-sales maintenance are all necessary.

However, the actual scheme of third-party logistics is usually tailored for different customers, and most of them cannot be copied, so it is not extensive and applicable. Because the number of enterprises engaged in third-party logistics in China is too small and the third-party logistics market is not yet mature, many home appliance enterprises are still cautious about choosing third-party logistics enterprises for cooperation. Most domestic marketing executives in Guangdong have reached a consensus that Guangdong's home appliance manufacturing industry has been completed? Northern expedition? , occupying most of the domestic market, but Guangdong merchants failed to adapt to the manufacturing industry, accompanied by Guangdong enterprises to the whole country. Because there is no unified national sales channel, many enterprises are forced to form a huge marketing team, which at most exceeds 1 10,000 people. Future meetings? Two legs? Walking, on the one hand, relying on third-party logistics, on the other hand, self-built distribution centers and distribution warehouses to improve distribution capacity.

? Logistics iceberg said? Professor Hideyoshi Nishizawa of Waseda University has put forward many solutions to the logistics accounting of modern enterprises, but the accounting system of modern enterprises is listed separately. Logistics cost? Let 70% of the hidden costs under the iceberg be calculated, and let us wake up enterprise logistics with the strength of society and the awakening of enterprises themselves. It should be said that this is the fundamental solution for China enterprise logistics to move closer to modern logistics.

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