Gu, what is it? Some people say it's a bug raised by ethnic minorities in Yunnan, right? Is there a website with photos or detailed books? thank you

(gu)

gǔㄍㄨˇ

◎ The legendary poisonous insect cultivated artificially is specially used to harm people: ~ confused.

Parasites in the human abdomen.

◎ Poison: ~ Poison.

Note that this description is legendary.

The method of making poison (ultra-detailed) 2006-08-29 15:27 Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins made a pictographic "diagram" of making poison, that is, there are many kinds of poisonous insects in a "dish" container. Later generations created methods in a similar way. Combining ancient books with folk methods, there are several ways to make drugs.

1. Take all the poisonous insects out and seal them in a container, and let one of them eat the rest. Then, this live insect is called practice to extract toxins from it. For example, Geography of Sui Shu said: "The method is to gather hundreds of insects, from the largest to snakes, from the smallest to lice, in a container on May 5, so that they are contradictory. In Compendium of Materia Medica, Li Shizhen quoted Chen Zangqi of the Tang Dynasty as saying: "... put hundreds of insects in an urn, and after years of opening, one insect will eat all the insects, which is called ancient." Zheng Qiao's Tongzhi in the Song Dynasty also recorded: "The way to make a trick is to put a hundred insects on a plate and make them eat each other. What remains is a trick. "Contemporary Yan Yong and Fang Jisheng also recorded:" There are several kinds of spells in the scriptures, which were made by people in Guangzhongshan, such as insects and snakes, which were stored in utensils and listened to each other. He who has only one thing is a curse. "In the historical records after the Song Dynasty, anyone who records the method of poison uses this theory. For example, Lou Ying of the Ming Dynasty said in the Outline of Medicine that "people in Guangdong and Guangxi mountainous areas use hundreds of kinds of insects, such as snakes, centipedes, dragonflies and frogs, to store them in the same container and let them eat their own food. The winner is the spirit and the poison is taken as fruits and vegetables. "And the situation of Zhuang women and livestock recorded in Red Cliff Volume in Qing Dynasty and the situation of middle school seedlings recorded in Tunxi Fiber Records by Lu Ciyun. Gold silkworm magic was particularly popular in the Song Dynasty. Song Cai said, "The poison of gold silkworm began in Shu, near Huguang, Fujian and Guangdong." (1) Hong's "Southern Yunnan New Talk" also said: "gold silkworm is the most poisonous animal in Shu, which can take people's lives, take people's souls, convince people to steal money, and give it away when they are rich, so it is called marrying gold silkworm. "Legend has it that the gold silkworm method is shaped like a silkworm, and it is golden. People in the Tang Dynasty thought that gold silkworm's method was "bending like a ring, eating brocade and eating leaves like silkworms", so it was also called "eating brocade".

● Case 33 gold silkworm Method: 12 kinds of poisonous animals, such as snakes and centipedes, were buried at the crossroads, taken out after 49 days and stored in incense burners. This is the gold silkworm Act. It is said that this method is the most difficult to destroy when practicing, and it is not afraid of muskets. There is a legend in Longxi County, Fujian Province that gold silkworm is an invisible thing that can do things for people. For example, if you want to transplant rice seedlings, show it one first, and it will plant a whole mu of seedlings. It is diligent in cleaning, and the houses of people who raise gold silkworm are very clean. As soon as I entered the room, I kicked on the threshold with my feet. Looking back, the sand on the threshold suddenly disappeared, and I knew that this family was observing the gold silkworm law. According to local legend, the golden silkworm method likes to eat people, and it will eat a person for several years. At the end of the year, the owner must settle accounts with it. If there are any extra ones, he must buy someone to feed them. Therefore, when settling accounts, the host will say, break 20 bowls, tell it, lose money without interest, and buy someone to feed it next year. However, the stories of Nanjing people are similar. They said it was a problem to raise gold silkworm, and the gold silkworm method was usually placed beside urinals or where no one was there. Don't let anyone know, otherwise it will be exposed and lead to fatal disaster. Gold silkworm can be deformed, sometimes shaped like a snake, or a frog, or a foot-tall child jumping around the house in a red trousers. People who raise gold silkworm seldom get sick, raising livestock is easy to grow up, there is no danger of death, and they can make a fortune. At the end of each year, the host will settle accounts with gold silkworm behind the door, saying that he broke a batch of bowls and spoons this year and lost a lot. If you say that this year is profitable, people in your family will gradually die, and the people who raise gold silkworm will not have a good result. This is called "eating the tail with gold". In this case, people will marry gold silkworm in time. The practice is to put silver, pollen and incense ashes (that is, gold silkworm method) in a bag of cloth at the intersection. People will naturally pick up silver eyes when they see them. If they take the wrong silver bag, gold silkworm Law Society will follow him (Hui Xicheng: China Folk Customs Grand View, Guangzhou: Guangdong Tourism Publishing House, 1989). ■● Case 34 Snake-making method of Zhuang nationality: Choose to catch mice, butterflies, lizards, scorpions, centipedes, poison bee (poisonous bacteria in the mountain forest rot after rain and become giant bees, with a black mouth and a sharp tip, which is 3 cm long), wasps (the kind that nests in trees), green snakes, white snakes and green snakes (. Also known as Bamboo Leaf Green), Blowing Snake (a poisonous snake with black spots and a triangular head, also known as Cobra), Golden Ring Snake (commonly known as gold-coated iron with yellow and black spots on its body) and many other poisonous animals (while Zhang Jiebin's "Pure Moon Book" in the Ming Dynasty said that it is enough to take only three kinds of poisons: "People who spread to the deep mountains of Guangdong will eventually take poisonous snakes, centipedes and frogs, and put them all in one place. If the last living animal is a snake, it is called snake method, and so on, including butterfly method, mouse method, bee method, scorpion method, centipede method, lizard method and so on. Store these powders in a big bowl and put them under the breeder's bedside at ordinary times. The breeder must also light a stick of incense at the bedside after the dead of night on the ninth day of every month in the lunar calendar, put it in a big bowl (or put it in a bamboo tube full of rice), then kowtow to the magic bowl, close your eyes slightly, and recite a spell: Tell you, Grandpa, kneel down and worship you, and you will be respectful from time to time. If yes, repeat it three times. This is the case every month, and there can be no mistakes to show sincerity. It's terrible to take it to harm people if it succeeds (according to the author's notes on field investigation in Wuming County and mashan county, Guangxi, the time is 1989 ~ 1992).

Case 35 Pumi people's methods of making magic: putting snakes, bees, butterflies, etc. Put them in an earthenware pot and let them bite each other. Finally, the rest are made into potions, including snake potions, bee potions and butterfly potions. If taken, it will cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and finally death (Song: Witchcraft and Witchcraft, Chengdu: Sichuan) ■● Case 36 How to make a recipe: Go out to catch poisonous insects in the wild every Dragon Boat Festival, put them in old clay pots, and let these insects kill each other. The last one can be raised. The keeper threw away the dead poisonous insect, put the raised things in a pottery vessel, covered the jar mouth with a red cloth with five colors, and fed it with the owner's spit every day. Over the years, it has become magic (social investigation report of Yi people in Yunnan and Fugong Yi people in Gongshan, Southwest University for Nationalities Library, 1986, printed version). ■

In some ethnic minorities and Han areas along the Jinsha River in Yunnan, there are also some legends about feeding methods:

● Case 37 The method of magic tricks along the Jinsha River in Yunnan: They are very devout in raising magic. It is said that before raising magic, the main hall should be cleaned, and all the family members should lead an honest and clean life and be vegetarian. After kneeling in front of the ancestral temple to pray for ghosts and gods, you should dig a big pit in the middle of the main hall and bury a big urn with a big mouth and a small belly. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, we will catch 12 kinds of reptiles in the wild, usually poisonous snakes, eels, centipedes, frogs, lizards, earthworms, giant green caterpillars and mantises ... but it should be noted that animals that can't fly don't need it, and animals that can run on all fours don't need it. Just catch some poisonous reptiles back on the Dragon Boat Festival, otherwise we can't keep them. After putting these 12 reptiles into the urn, all people in the host family, big or small, will pray to the ghosts and gods once in the morning and evening, and never let outsiders know when praying. If outsiders know about it, the method they raised will be taken away by the wizard with witchcraft and used by the wizard, and the family who raised the method will die. Even if it is not taken away by the wizard, it will immediately hurt the master. In a year, many poisonous insects devour each other in the urn. The poisonous ones ate less, the strong ones ate the weak ones, and finally there was only one left. After swallowing other poisonous insects, this poisonous insect has changed its shape and color. Legend has it that there are two main methods of raising here: one is the dragon method, which looks like a dragon and is made by long reptiles such as poisonous snakes and centipedes; One is the unicorn method, which looks like a unicorn, and is probably transformed from short-lived reptiles such as frogs and lizards (Hui Xicheng: China Folk Customs Grand View, Guangzhou: Guangdong Tourism Publishing House, 1989).

● Case 38 How to make Sichuan Yi people's poison: The legend of Sichuan Yi people tells that the snake venom is made by hanging Zaocys upside down on a tree, dusting it with a thin stick and letting it swing. The bottom is connected by nine overlapping ceramic bowls. Saliva, foam and blood from Shekou are put into the bowl, and the venom seeped into the ninth bowl is dried for later use. Put it in cold rice, cold water, cold tobacco rod or wine for others to eat. Once you eat the snake method, you will feel bloating after two days, and then you will feel dull pain (this shows that the small snake has taken shape). Two months later, you will have abdominal pain drama (this shows that many small snakes have grown up and make a living by biting and feeding. After half a year, they can grow to chopsticks thick and five or six inches long, and they can eat up people's liver). After eating eggs, the pain will be relieved (this shows that the snake is eating eggs instead of biting the intestines, so the pain will be relieved). The patient especially wants to eat vegetables, can't eat, and vomits violently. After eating sour, cold, fried noodles, chicken, mother pork and mutton, abdominal pain, bloating and vomiting are more serious.

Thin body, yellow complexion, poor spirit, slow pulse, low body temperature, dry stool and diarrhea, incurable blood and water, may die within half a year, and some may have to wait for more than a year. The method of leeches is to kill a chicken, cut it open in the place where leeches are the most, and leeches will automatically concentrate on the chicken (preferably flat, black and yellow), then dry the leeches and grind them into powder for later use, and put them in cold water, cold rice, cold tobacco stems and cold wine for human consumption. It is also said that blood, egg shells and human ear wax should be added to leeches. It means that leeches originate from blood roots and black blood roots, which complement each other; Eggshell contains calcium acid, which can limit and slow down blood toxicity; Human ear wax mainly enhances toxicity. Once eaten by leech method, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea, string, or blood stool and vomiting will occur within 7 days. After eating sour, cold, bean soup, chicken, female pork, mutton and fried noodles, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and vomiting will be worse, and the symptoms are the same as those of snake method. After thirty or forty days, people become thin, upset and thirsty. He can die after three or four years, and the course of disease can reach 10 years. The production method of cowhide is legendary: firstly, dry cowhide is soaked in water, after maggots are born, the maggots are dried and ground into powder for later use; The second is to cut off the skins of several spinning parts of cattle and bury them in the soil, and then take them out to dry and grind them into powder after rotting. Put it in cold food for people to eat. Vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and bleeding after eating cowhide. Severe cases can die within two months, and the course of disease can reach 10 years. Its symptoms are similar to those of snakes and leeches (A Zi Ayue: Yi Medicine, Beijing: China Medical Science and Technology Press, April 1993, page 2 14 ~ 2 16).

2. Take the method of artificially cultivating the excrement of poisonous insects, such as the cloud "poison" in Zhou Qufei's "A Generation Beyond the Ridge" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "(Song) There were people selling pulp in the east of Qinzhou City, poisoning livestock, and the cloud cooked drugs at home. Women made porridge plates with night sacrifices, locusts and butterflies, and various insects. There is a similar record in Tingzhou County Records, which says: "Hundreds of insects are caught in the Dragon Boat Festival every year, and the crock is sealed and eaten. After more than a year, there is still a bug that looks like a silkworm, which is raised with three or four pieces of gold and maple leaves. Choose a day to break and use it several times a year. According to Zhan, taking out insect dung and secretly putting it into the diet makes people feel abdominal pain. Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty quoted Cai Youcong's dialect as saying: "This kind of golden silkworm method eats four inches of Shu brocade, and many southerners take its dung in their diet to poison people and kill them. "3. Take poisonous insects, take their saliva as the method, and keep them in a dish. For example, in Qian Shu, there is a cloud: "The method is from the worm to the dish, and the method is hidden in the utensil ... Miao Zhong wants to make a fortune, and puts many animals and frogs in the dish, dropping their saliva into wine and food to feed people ..." According to legend, Miao Jia's trick is made like this.

● Case 39 How to make the toad method of Zhuang nationality in western Guangxi: The toad method raised by Zhuang nationality in western Guangxi is a very powerful poison. The toad method is made by selecting twelve kinds of insects such as biting insects, ants, cicadas, wasps, poison bee, earthworms, butterflies, scorpions, lizards, centipedes, spiders, green snakes, white snakes, green snakes and toads, and putting them into one. If the toad can't compete with other animals and die first, choose another toad and put it in the clay pot, let them bite and swallow each other again until the toad can compete with other animals, and then dump all the dead animals, leaving only the toad in the clay pot. Toad's clay pot is covered with red cloth, and the spout is tightly wrapped with five-color silk thread. Usually put the clay pot under the breeder's bed, feed it with the breeder's spit every day, and find a lot of poison into the clay pot every six months for toad to tear. After more than a year, toad became a trick. It's really not easy to kill a toad after it becomes a method! No matter how hard you step on it, or kill it with a stick, or stab it with a knife, it won't die unless you stick it with gold needles or silver. Usually breeders can make toads obey their own will. If a small bamboo pole is used to reach the tail bone of toad, toad will spit out a black aerosol from his mouth. If he touches a person's body, the skin will itch, grow red sarcoma, and then gradually turn black into pustules, and occasionally yellow water will flow out; Sometimes the mind will be in a coma and lose its direction. In addition, toad saliva is also a good medicine. If mixed with food, it will make people feel bloated and starve to death. Toads usually turn black and swell into abscesses when they touch people's skin. If the surface of the abscess is broken, there will be bugs crawling out. If you touch the head, all the hair will fall off, the scalp will itch, abscess will form, yellow water will flow, and ascaris will climb out (according to the author's notes on field investigation in central Guangxi, the time is 1989 ~ 1994). ■

The toad law is also recorded in the history books. For example, Yuan Mei's "Woods" (Volume 19) in the Qing Dynasty tells a very interesting story of Toad Law: "Zhu Sheng is kind, his works are like books, and Chen Taishou of Qingyuan Prefecture in Guangxi keeps a diary. Fang Sheng is hot in summer, and the satrap invites friends to drink. Just sit down and go to the crown. Everyone saw Zhu Sheng crouching on top of a big frog, brushing it to the ground, and then suddenly losing it. After drinking until midnight, it was the frog that climbed to the top of Zhu, but Zhu didn't know that others had brushed it off, and all the dishes were destroyed and disappeared. Zhu Sheng went to bed and felt itchy on his head. His hair fell off his head the next day. When his grave rises like a tumor, it is red. The skin suddenly cracked, and a frog poked its head out of it and stared at the scalp with its first two feet, from the waist down. Acupuncture can't die, but it causes unbearable pain. Medicine cannot cure it. An old janitor said, "This is a scam. If you stabbed it with a golden hairpin, you should be dead. The result of the test is that it is a frog, and Zhu Sheng has no other diseases, only the parietal bone sinks if it is lifted. 4. Chen Guojun, who also uses poisonous insects and their excreta as the poison method, has a detailed record in the article "Poisoning Law of Miao Nationality": "Every year at noon on the Dragon Boat Festival, it is said among Miao people that when poisonous insects appear, Miao women go to the mountains to catch all kinds of poisonous insects and put them in a small altar and in a dark place. After years of not uncovering the jar cover, the insects in the jar kill each other until there is only one left, and this insect will be killed. Another cloud said, "When the wonderful women and other insects in the altar are dead, they must take out the dead insects and the dung made by them and grind them into fine powder ... If people eat this fine powder by mistake, they will die for a long time." Guangdong and Guangxi people like this. Until now, Zhuang people are still making tricks in this way.

● Case 40 Method of making malnutrition: The method of making malnutrition (also known as laying eggs, releasing malnutrition and releasing bees) is to catch centipedes, ants, cicadas, wasps, poison bee, earthworms, dragonflies, water scorpions and other small animals at noon on the fifth day of May and put them in. After that, the insects in the container and their excrement, together with the hair of the breeder, are dried and ground into powder, and stored in a large bowl (or wrapped with oil paper cloth) for the use of athel Loren (athel Loren is usually located in the west corner of the wing, and a brick is placed on the ground, and a large bowl or oil paper is wrapped on the brick). On the ninth night of every month, the breeders light a stick of incense and put it in a big bowl (or put a stick of incense in a bamboo tube full of rice and put it next to an oilpaper cloth bag) to bow down to the God of plague as a sign of sincerity. If you do this every month, it will become your own method after a long time, which will harm people (according to my notes on field investigation in Guangxi, the time is 1989 ~ 65449) ■

Take all poisonous insects to the basin and kill them all. After the dead worms grow bacteria, they will become toxic after a long time. For example, Volume 18 of Miscellany in Western Guangdong quoted Yongfu County Records as saying: "On May 5, I went to the mountain stream and laid a new cloth jewelry silver hairpin, and the basin next to it was full of water. Women are singing and dancing naked, trying to overthrow the drug king. There are also three clouds in the "Qingyuan County Records": "The magic method is to put about 100 poisonous insects, big snakes and small lice, in a container and make them swallow each other. Finally, the blade also died, turned into clear water and soaked in sandals, which was both transparent and took a violent day. Do this for seven times, then bury the straw sandals in the shade in the north, give birth to five-color bacteria, dry them and grind them into fine powder, and turn them into a little poison: the illusion of wealth and power

172 secret recipe diet, people eat bitter. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Jiebin's "The Complete Book of Clear Moon" also recorded: "Lingnan people killed it with poisonous snakes, covered it with grass, sprinkled water, and the bacteria were born for several days, with the bacteria as the end and alcohol poisoning. "Today, in the folklore of Zhuang nationality, the way to make epilepsy is to bury snakes in the soil and kill people with bacteria.

6. Choke the milk pharynx to death, then roast it with slow fire, and then undergo special treatment-add some poisonous plants and cast spells, which becomes the milk pharynx method ● Case 4 1 milk pharynx method: it is also called stuffy medicine in Longzhou, Napo, Pingxiang and Jingxi. The specific method is to choose more than three milk swallows in the same nest and drown them in the water. If some of them curl up and die, they are considered hermaphroditic birds, and their situation of life and death intertwined until death is the gene of stuffy medicine. So this pair of milk swallows is roasted with slow fire, ground into powder, and mixed with some wild vines (it must be clockwise, but the antidote is the opposite) and their juice, some double-pedicled fruits and human hair. , in order to prepare ancient medicine (data were collected and provided by Ling Shudong, Zhuang Museum, Jingxi County, Guangxi, on 1990 10). Zhuang Yao people in Shanglin, Guangxi also have swallowing method, and the making method is similar to this one. Also brought the newborn Ru Yan to the intersection and let him fly like smoke. Swift swallows flying to the west can be used for magic, but swallows flying in other directions are not used. These swallows can be suffocated with slow fire, dried in the sun, and performed magic tricks (Luo, Shanglin County, Guangxi, collected and provided information, time 199 1 April). ■ There is a poison called love medicine in Yunnan, which is more interesting. It refers not only to swallows, but also to any bird. If you fall to the ground and die, scrape some powder where the bird died. This is "love medicine". If you give it to the right person, it will never change its love for you, unless you eat the cat's paw.

7. Secretly breeding poisonous animals such as snakes and toads in bamboo tubes, and using the brains and eggs of these poisonous animals to kill the Bai, Gelao, Puzu, Yi and other ethnic groups in Nujiang area of Yunnan Province, this kind of poisonous consciousness is prevalent to varying degrees, especially the Gelao. Most of them are young and beautiful women. Legend has it that this method will turn into a beautiful man named "Poison Ghost" at night and often live a ghost husband and wife life with them. Law-abiding people must always poison others (especially children), otherwise they will feel uncomfortable and even die, so as to serve the "drug ghost" and maintain their relationship with the "drug ghost".

8. Put poisonous insects in a crock. Once they kill each other, they finally save the next insect, suffocate it, dry it with the dead insect and grind it into powder. Case 42: Making method of Zhuang incense burner: centipede, lizard, spider, scorpion, green snake, white snake, green snake, blowing snake, golden snake and silver ring are selected during the Dragon Boat Festival. 65,438+02 kinds of poisonous animals, such as poison bee, living in caves or grass, were collected and put into a clay pot. First, put a piece of gauze paper on the pot mouth, and then cover the pot lid. In the dead of night, they quietly dug a hole about 2 feet and 5 inches deep at the crossroads, buried the clay pot and took it out at night after 749 days. Roasting these 12 kinds of poisonous animals and their own hair, grinding them into powder and storing them in a censer, it becomes the censer method. In the eyes of those who keep the incense burner method, the incense burner method has a soul, so it should be treated with respect and not neglect. Therefore, the incense burner method should be placed under the bedside of the breeder. After the dead of night on the ninth day of each lunar month (usually between 3: 00 and 5: 00 in the morning), the breeder must piously hold the incense burner in the field with both hands, light three sticks of incense and insert them in the incense burner, then face the west, bow down, close his eyes slightly, put his hands together, and shake his lips. After reading the mantra: "Grandpa, I knock on my head", repeat it for 9 times, and then turn around and go home, without looking back. Put the incense burner back in its original place after going home, month by month, and there can be no mistakes. When lighting incense and worshipping the furnace, be careful not to let others bump into you. It is said that if someone really bumps into you, they will come out and make trouble if there is no way. However, when ordinary people meet people who keep magic, they must shout loudly to scare them out of magic. Otherwise, I will fall in love with magic and die in less than 7 days after coming back (according to my notes of field investigation in central Guangxi, the time is 1989 ~ 1994).

9. Specify an animal, such as a snake or a toad, and put it in a dark place. Collect flowers, roots, seeds and their juices of highly toxic plants for daily feeding, even with ready-made drugs. This thing contains a strong toxin, that is, it becomes a poisonous loach method, that is, it is soaked in water with bamboo leaves and medicine, and the loach is put in it, that is, it becomes a poisonous loach method. If you cook loach and eat it with guests, it seems that there are three or five loaches walking around in your stomach, sometimes rushing to your throat and sometimes going down your anus. If you don't know how to cure it, you will die. In foreign countries, people mostly use this method to make tricks. For example, in Japan, people choose dogs or cunning foxes; In Africa, people raise cruel Henna dogs, owls and baboons. In Europe, there are cats, dogs, ponies, poultry, rabbits, mice, toads, weasels and so on. They were placed in remote places and named. The way to feed them is unique. Usually, the owner will personally feed them milk paste or chicken made of milk and flour, and from time to time, he will mix a drop of blood with the food, so that they will become part of the owner in a sense. People think that these. But how do they usually use these little demons? In the book Witches and Witchcraft (1), Dr. Margaret Murray quoted the trial record of Sylvia Neville, a witch, in 16 15 in Orleans, France: "Witches dare not leave their homes without asking, and tell them how many days, three days or four. If they think it takes too long, witches will not dare to go against their will. When they want to go out on business or play, they must first find out what the result is. If the little devils look happy, they can go out with confidence. But if they are depressed and sad, they dare not leave home. " These little devils only obey their master's orders, and they have spells specially used to summon them. Spells always contain the name of God. Generally, they will return to their master after casting magic, that is, casting spells on people. People trust these little demons "better than God, because they bring him more benefits, but they turn to God for help but get nothing".