Introduction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Line?

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway starts in Xining City, Qinghai Province, passes through Golmud City, Kunlun Pass and Tuotuo, passes through Tanggula Pass, and enters Amdo, Naqu, Dangxiong, Yangbajing and Lhasa in Xizang Autonomous Region. With a total length of 1956 km, it is an important route to Tibet. Known as Tianlu, it is the plateau railway with the highest altitude and the longest journey on frozen soil in the world. It is one of the four major projects in China in the new century. In September, 438+03, it was selected as the "Global Centennial Project", which is a monument in the history of world railway construction.

After decades of efforts, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has four projects and three projects: Xige section 8 14km, ready to start construction in 1950s, 1979 track laying and 1984 operation; Jiela section 1 142km (new line110km) has been shut down for a long time due to three world-class problems: frozen soil, extreme cold and lack of oxygen, and fragile ecology. Finally, construction started in June of 200 1 year and in July of 2006. On August 201April 16, the entire line of Lari Railway, the extension line of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, was put into operation.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway pushed Tibet into the railway era, closely linked Tibet and Chinese mainland in time and space, and promoted the economic development of the Qinghai-Tibet Belt. It is called the road of development, the road of unity and the road of happiness. This magical heavenly road is like an auspicious Hada, carrying the children in the snowy area to the garden of development and happiness.

On September 2, 20 16 and 12, the seamless track exchange project of Qinghai-Tibet Railway with a total investment of12.98 million yuan was completed, and the whole line of Qinghai-Tibet Railway 1956 km realized "one track in a thousand miles", which greatly improved the comfort and safety of trains.

first-stage project

The first phase of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is about 846 kilometers long, starting from Xining, an ancient plateau city, in the east, passing through mountains, grassland Gobi, salt lake swamp, and reaching Golmud, a new Gobi city at the foot of Kunlun Mountain in the west. Construction started in sections 65438-0958, and the whole line was completed and opened to traffic in May 65438-0984.

Most of the railway lines are over 3,000 meters above sea level, which is the first plateau railway in China. Most of the important materials used by the state for the development of Tibet are transported to Tibet through this railway. By the end of 2000, the Xige section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway had sent 87.24 million tons of goods, 35.73 million passengers and 8.75 million tons of materials into Tibet. This railway is praised by people of all ethnic groups along the line as a line of unity, traffic, happiness and lifeline.

With the development of national economy and the continuous acceleration of western development, the transportation capacity of this railway is far from meeting the demand. After careful argumentation organized by the Ministry of Railways, the State Planning Commission gave a reply to the feasibility study report on capacity expansion and reconstruction of Xige section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in June 5438+0999165438+10, with a total investment of 740 million yuan. At the beginning of 2000, with the implementation of the western development strategy, tens of thousands of builders gathered here and began a large-scale capacity expansion and transformation project. The project is scheduled to be completed on 200 1 and 10, and the project is designed as a first-class railway. After capacity expansion and transformation, the annual capacity of Xige section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway will be greatly improved. The completion and use of the Xige section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has provided valuable experience and detailed technical data for the construction of the Jiela-Tibet Railway.

In 2007, the double track of Xige section was started and completed, and it was electrified on June 29, 20 1 1.

Phase II project

The second phase project of Qinghai-Tibet Railway started on June 29th, 20001,with an investment of165438+87.7 million yuan, and completed the reconstruction of the existing line from Golmud to Nanshankou. In 2002, the investment was 5.3258 billion yuan, and the track laying began on June 29th, and it reached Kunlun Mountain smoothly at the end of the year.

The annual plan for comprehensively tackling key problems in Qinghai-Tibet railway construction is to complete an investment of 5.6 billion yuan.

The total investment of Qinghai-Tibet Railway exceeds 33 billion yuan; On the whole line, 78.53 million cubic meters of subgrade earthwork and 675 bridges were completed, with an area of nearly 6.5438+0.6 million linear meters; 2050 culverts with 37662 horizontal linear meters; There are 7 tunnels with a length of 9074 meters. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened to traffic at 9: 00 on July 1 2006, becoming a world-class plateau railway that is basically unmanned along the line.

Since 20 10, Qinghai-Tibet Company has carried out seamless track change in permafrost areas of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, focusing on improving the quality of equipment foundation, track structure and the comfort of plateau trains. On June 20 12 and 10, the 200-kilometer seamless rail replacement task of the Golmud-Lhasa section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was completed, and the 20-kilometer12 long rail replacement and reconstruction task between Golmud and Wang Kun was also completed in June 20 12, and the lines of the permafrost section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were seamless.

Qinghai-Tibet Company has completed the replacement of 274 km seamless rail in permafrost section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the laying of 6 km seamless rail test section in permafrost section.

Qinghai-Tibet Company adopts the world-advanced mobile air pressure welding to weld long rails, and adopts the method of combining the collision between rollers and rails to release stress and lock the rails within the designed locking rail temperature range. Then through flaw detection, grinding and other processes, the gaps between rail joints are eliminated, so that the welded joints are as durable as the rails, and finally the original lines are welded into seamless tracks.

On June 65438+1October 65438+February 2005, the Jiela section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, known as Tianlu, was laid. As of March 25th, 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Project has completed a total investment of 28.5 billion yuan, of which the investment in environmental protection projects has reached 654.38+0.2 billion yuan, which is quite rare in the environmental protection investment of individual projects in the world.

Branch project

After the completion of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, it radiated from Lhasa Railway Station and built three passenger and freight feeder lines. These three branch lines have been included in the national medium-and long-term railway network planning, and all projects will be completed by 2020. These three railways are: Lhasa-Linzhi Railway, Lhasa-Shigatse Railway and Shigatse-Yadong Railway. After all these railways are completed and opened to traffic, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will form a big Y shape with these three branches, with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers. In the National Medium-and Long-Term Railway Network Planning, these three railways and other lines are all newly developed routes in the west, with a total planning length of 1.6 million kilometers. The completion of these lines will improve the western railway network and open up a number of new passages in the southwest, northwest and exit. The route to Yadong will be connected with the Indian railway network, forming a strategic passage to South Asia and the Indian Ocean to the world.

La-Ri Railway (Lhasa-Shigatse) is one of the important projects in the 11th Five-Year Plan and the Medium-and Long-Term Railway Network Plan, and it was officially started on September 26th, 20 10. The line starts from Lhasa Station, the terminal of Qinghai-Tibet Railway in the east, goes south along Lhasa River after leaving the station, passes through Duilong Deqing County and Qushui County, turns back to the Yarlung Zangbo River in the west, passes through the Yarlung Zangbo River canyon area with a total length of nearly 90 kilometers, and reaches Xigaze, a major town in southwest Tibet after passing through Nimu and Renbu counties. With a total length of 253 kilometers and an investment of/kloc-0.08 billion yuan, Largo Railway has three stations/kloc-0.3, including Lhasa South Station, Baide Station, Xierong Station, Qushui Station, Michael Chabala Station, Nimu Station, Karu Station, Renbu Station, Dazhuka Station, Denggu Station, Jiqiong Station, Kadui Station and Shigatse Station. The design standard level is national level.

The Lhasa-Shigatse Railway, which started construction on October 201year1October, was put into operation on August 20 14 15, and the first bus left Lhasa Station at 9: 00 on August 16.

Accelerated operation

From mid-March, 2065438 to mid-March, 2005, the running speed of passenger trains in Xining-Golmud section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway was increased to 140 km.

The planned transportation capacity of Xining-Golmud section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway is 20 pairs of passenger cars per day, with an annual freight volume of 50 million tons. Before the speed increase, the speed of passenger trains was120km. The relevant person in charge of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company said that after the speed increase of the Xining-Golmud section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the average running time of passenger trains entering and leaving Tibet and arriving in Golmud was reduced by 1 hour by 20 minutes, which greatly shortened the travel time of passengers and improved the transportation capacity of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

Capacity expansion and transformation

Xige double line

Xi 'er double-track project: the existing line from Xining to Golmud of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, with a total length of 8 16.5km, has 62 stations and railway stations. There is a one-way street with bad weather and low construction standards. To this end, the state and the Ministry of Railways decided to build the Xige Second Line and carry out electrification projects. In order to improve the capacity and operation speed as soon as possible, since September 2005, the Ministry of Railways has decided to build additional Tole-He Jiang, Wulan-Lianhu, Haoruge-Yinmaxia and Linshan-Golmud East Second Line projects, with the design speed of 160km/h and reserved 200 km/h.. The defects of the existing line in this section are rectified to improve the standards of the existing line and the consistency of building the second line.

20 16 for capacity expansion and reconstruction of Jiela section

The reporter learned from the Railway Office of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission that the Jiela section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will start capacity expansion and transformation in the near future, with an investment of nearly 4.7 billion yuan, which is planned to be completed in two years to prepare for the electrification transformation of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period. The west freight station of Lhasa Railway Station, located in Deqing County, Duilong, will be transformed into a large freight station covering an area of more than 2,000 mu, of which the Rassasi freight station covers an area of 1 1,000 mu. It will become the freight hub of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Lari Railway and Lalin Railway, and all freight trains will change at Rassasi Freight Station. In addition, during the capacity expansion and transformation, 13 freight stations will be opened from Lhasa to Golmud, among which 1 freight station will be added in Deqing County of Duilong and 2 freight stations will be added in Dangxiong County, in addition to Rassasi freight station in Lhasa. The increase of freight stations can effectively promote the economic development along the route. "

The Gera section will be electrified.

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the Jiela section was electrified. At present, the Lhasa-Golmud section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is towed by diesel locomotives, and the railway can bear 2000 tons of traction. Now all freight trains to Lhasa need to be reorganized after they arrive in Golmud. Due to the limited traction, the freight trains arriving in Golmud need to be rearranged into two trains before they can move on and finally arrive in Lhasa. After electrification, the traction will reach 4000 tons, which is the same as that from Xining to Golmud. By then, the freight train from Xining to Lhasa will pass through Golmud without reorganization. Electrification transformation will improve the freight capacity and freight car speed of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the speed of passenger trains will also be improved to some extent.

Graf-there is no plan for the double track.

The so-called Golmud-Lhasa double-track project has not yet been planned. After electrification transformation, it can meet the passenger and freight demand for a period of time, and the double track will be built when there is further significant demand for many years. The passenger and freight transport demand of Xige section is different from that of Jiela section. The demand of Xige section is much greater, and Geku Railway is also under construction.

Fully track changes

From 20 10, the construction workers began to replace the seamless rail in a long-term low-temperature environment with an oxygen content of only half that of the plain area, which lasted nearly 7 years. The replacement work was completed on the morning of September 16. During these seven years, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway successfully replaced the line of Fenghuoshan Tunnel, the highest railway tunnel in the world with an altitude of 49 13m and a total length of 1338m. Successfully replaced the line of Tanggula Station, the highest railway station in the world at an altitude of 5072 meters. Created a construction progress record of replacing jointless track for 4 kilometers a day in plateau frozen soil area; Successfully replaced 59 1km of jointless track in unfrozen area, and completed a number of key and difficult construction tasks such as 677 bridges and 26 tunnel jointless tracks in 520km of jointless track in frozen area. At the same time, the construction workers also independently designed and developed the world's first plateau pneumatic rail welding vehicle, using oxygen and acetylene as fuel. By continuously heating the steel and applying external force when the steel reaches the forming state, the welding quality reaches 99% of the base metal quality. In the past seven years, a total of 2686 rail heads have been welded, and the welding qualification rate has reached 100%.

Next, the Qinghai-Tibet railway network will be further improved. Sichuan-tibet railway, which has started planning and research, and Lalin Railway, which started last year, will accelerate the integration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau into the national economic system.

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