Comprehensive information on women

The heroine was originally an accessory in ancient times. It was as wide as a crown, lined with metal wire sleeves or tied into various novel styles with thinned bamboo wood slices, and framed with black silk or long colorful scarves. When in use, wear it directly on the head and tie it with a hairpin. This kind of turban-style headwear is called a turban.

There are many types and colors of women. For example, those made with slender ponytails are called "Jian Guo"; those made with black and red color are called "Cyan Guo". In the pre-Qin period, both men and women could wear Guo as jewelry. It was not until the Han Dynasty that it became exclusive for women. There is a famous play from the Three Kingdoms period: Zhuge Liang came out of Xiegu to challenge Sima Yi, but the latter refused to come out. Zhuge Liang used the provocation method and sent someone to send "women's ornaments" to Sima Yi as a sign of humiliation. The word "heroine" was later extended to be a nickname for women, and now it is an honorific title for women. Basic introduction Chinese name: 女帼 Pinyin: jīn guó Pinyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄍㄨㄛˊ Definition: Ancient women’s headscarves and hair accessories. The word concept of referring to women, basic information, basic explanation, citation explanation, origin of the title, historical records, sources, historical stories, related allusions, allusion 1:, allusion 2:, famous figures, special programs, basic information about the word concept: Female Pinyin: jīn guó Phonetic: ㄐㄧㄣㄍㄨㄛˊ Basic explanation [women in general] Ancient women’s headscarves and hair accessories. By referring to women, Zhuge Liang challenged the emperor several times, but the emperor (Sima Yi) did not come out, because he left behind the emperor's attire of a woman. ——"Book of Jin: Chronicles of Emperor Xuan" Heroines Quotes and Explanations Ancient women's headscarves and hair accessories. "Book of Jin·Chronicles of Emperor Xuan": "Liang (Zhuge Liang) challenged several times, but the emperor (Sima Yi) did not come out because the emperor was dressed as a woman." "New Book of Tang Dynasty·Biography of Dongyi·Korea": ??"Common people's clothes are brown , Dai Bian. "Women's first harem" was later used as a proxy for women. Shen Jing of the Ming Dynasty's "The Story of a Righteous Hero·Zhengtu": "Bearded men and women love each other, and the world is ashamed to kill their husbands." Pu Songling of the Qing Dynasty's "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio·Class 2": "I also drink from pottery bowls, and talk and drink. Heroes are not like heroines. "Dong Biwu's "Nine Nudun Poems of Wuchang East Lake": "Searching for liberation and joining the heavenly army, heroines make their voices heard." The origin of the title "heroine" comes from noble women in ancient times, who often held sacrifices during ceremonies. Wearing a kind of headdress made of silk fabric or hair, this kind of headscarf-style headdress is called a woman, and it is also decorated with some precious jewelry made of gold, pearls and jade. There are many types and colors of women, such as those made with slender ponytail called "Jiang Guo"; those made with black and red color are called "Cyan Guo". Because items such as women were noble decorations for women in ancient times, people called heroic women "heroines", and later generations used "women" as an honorific title for women. Explanation source: Pei Songzhi's annotation in "Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi·Ming Emperor Rui Biography" quoted from "Wei's Spring and Autumn Annals": "Liang not only sent envoys repeatedly to hand over letters, but also sent women to decorate them to anger the king." Explanation of the source of historical records: Guo, an ornament on women's hair. Women's headscarves and hair decorations. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty, sent someone to send a woman to Sima Yi, which meant that Sima Yi was like a woman. Later, "heroine" was used as a proxy for women. A pottery figurine of a nursing woman wearing a scarf unearthed from a Han tomb. The scarf is a kind of jewelry used by the ancients. It is as wide as a crown, tall and conspicuous. It is lined with a metal wire sleeve or tied into various novel styles with thinned bamboo and wood slices, and tightly wrapped in a Made of layers of colorful long scarves. This kind of crown is worn on the head, covering the forehead, around the hairline, with hanging straps on both sides, knotted in the neck, and tied at the back of the head. It is neither a hairstyle nor a wrap, and can be removed at any time (such as taking off a hat) or put on at any time (just tighten the side straps). In the pre-Qin period, both men and women could wear Guo as jewelry. It was not until the Han Dynasty that it became exclusive for women. In the article "Ye Du Shi De Lu (101)·Thousands of Thoughts and One Mistake", it is mentioned that Zhuge Liang gave Sima Yi a scarf, which was to ridicule Sima Yi for being like a woman and not daring to fight with Shu soldiers. Of course Sima Yi couldn't stand such a provocation, but he didn't fall into Zhuge Liang's trap. In the Han Dynasty, it was considered a kind of etiquette for the ladies of the palace nobles to wear Guo. Therefore, heroine became a synonym for women. Liang Hongyu, a female general who fought against the Jin Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, and Qiu Jin, a modern democratic revolutionary, are praised as heroines and heroines, and the meaning is very clear. Women are not easy to preserve, and they have long been abandoned by later generations. For a long time, people have known this word, but they have never seen the actual shape. Unearthed from a cliff tomb in Pengshan, Sichuan, was a female figurine wearing clothes and walking, wearing a crown-like jewelry on her head, covering her forehead and tied at the back of her head. The image is complete. This is a heroine.

There is also a piece of a nursing woman unearthed from a Han tomb, wearing a scarf, which is also very beautiful. Historical story: The number one heroine in ancient China. If ranked according to history, she should be Fuhao, a famous female general in the Shang Dynasty. The name is good, and "wife" is a relative title. It is also called "Stepmother Xin" in the bronze inscriptions. The wife of Shang King Wu Ding. A large number of oracle bone inscriptions unearthed show that during Wu Ding's series of wars against neighboring countries and tribes, Fu Hao was ordered to recruit soldiers on behalf of the Shang king many times, and served as a general to fight on the battlefield many times. He once commanded 13,000 troops to attack the Qiang side and captured a large number of Qiang people. He became the general who led the most troops in one campaign during Wu Ding's reign. He participated in and commanded major battles against the Turkish, Pakistani and Yi forces. Famous generals such as Jun? and Hou Gao were often under his command. During the battle against Pakistan, he led Jun? to set up an ambush and cut off the Pakistani army's retreat. After Wuding defeated the Pakistani army from the east, he drove it into an ambush and annihilated it. It is the earliest ambush battle recorded in the history of Chinese war. In the Shang Dynasty, when "the most important thing of the country was to sacrifice sacrifices to the military" ("Zuo Zhuan: The Thirteenth Year of Chenggong"), Fuhao was often ordered to preside over various rituals such as offering sacrifices to heaven, ancestors, and sacred springs, and also served as a divination official. , an important member of Wuding's ruling group. He once led troops to suppress the slave rebellion. He devoted himself to maintaining the rule and privileges of the slave-owning class. He was deeply favored by Wu Ding and was granted a title in a foreign country. He was responsible for the important tasks of defending the land and participating in conquests. Related allusions Allusion 1: During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu, led an army to attack Wei from afar, and confronted Wei's general Sima Yi in Weinan. Sima Yi knew that there would be many inconveniences for the Shu army to march from afar, and the Shu army must be eager to fight for victory. So he stayed in the army, hoping to bring down the opponent's army. Zhuge Liang challenged him many times, but Sima Yi was as steady as a mountain and refused to accept the challenge. Zhuge Liang used the provocation method to send Sima Yi "women's accessories", that is, the headscarves and hair accessories worn by women, in order to satirize Sima Yi for not being able to come out and not acting like a man. This move proved to be effective. Sima Yi petitioned Emperor Wei Ming Cao Rui to join the battle, but Emperor Wei Ming did not agree. He also sent a minister named Xin Pi to Sima Yi's army holding a staff representing the emperor. He was nominally a military advisor, but in reality he was a military advisor. To control Sima Yi. Later, Zhuge Liang came to the battle line to challenge him many times. Sima Yi couldn't stand their scolding and taunting, so he wanted to lead his troops to fight and fight with them. But Xinpi stood at the military gate holding a staff and refused to allow him to go out, so Sima Yi had no choice but to give up. Allusion 2: "Women will not let their eyebrows down" comes from the Yuefu poem Mulan.

In the last years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Rouran, Khitan and other ethnic minorities became increasingly powerful. They often sent troops to invade the Central Plains and rob property. In order to deal with them, the Northern Wei Dynasty often recruited a large number of troops and strengthened the garrison on the northern border.

Mulan Joins the Army tells the story of Hua Mulan, a heroine at that time. Hua Mulan (412-502), a native of Yucheng, Songzhou (now Yucheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province) in the Northern Wei Dynasty, was a heroine. Hua Mulan's deeds have been passed down to this day. She is an ancient Chinese national hero, loyal, filial, and righteous, and joined the army to replace her father. He became famous all over the world for his invading nations, and the emperor of the Tang Dynasty posthumously named him "General Xiaolie". It should be attributed to "Mulan Ci", the swan song of northern folk songs, but Hua Mulan's surname, place of origin, etc. are not accurately recorded in history books.

Hua Mulan has been reading and writing with her father since she was a child, and she does housework on weekdays. She also likes horseback riding and archery, and has developed good martial arts skills. One day, the officer in the yamen sent a notice of recruitment, asking Hua Mulan's father to join the army. But my father is old, how can he join the army and fight? Hua Mulan had no brother, and his brother was too young. She couldn't bear to let her old father suffer, so she decided to disguise herself as a man and join the army on his father's behalf. Although Hua Mulan's parents were reluctant to let their daughter go to war, they had no choice but to agree to her going.

Hua Mulan followed the team to the northern border. She was worried that her secret of disguising herself as a man would be discovered, so she was even more careful. Marching during the day, Hua Mulan followed the team closely and never dared to fall behind. She never dared to take off her clothes when camping at night. When fighting, she always rushes to the front with her good martial arts skills. After serving in the army for twelve years, Hua Mulan repeatedly made outstanding achievements. Her companions admired her very much and praised her as a brave and good man.

The war was over, and the emperor summoned the meritorious soldiers to discuss their merits and reward them. But Hua Mulan neither wants to be an official, nor does she want wealth. She just wants a fast horse so that she can go home immediately. The emperor readily agreed and sent an envoy to escort Hua Mulan back.

Hua Mulan’s parents were very happy when they heard that Hua Mulan was back and immediately rushed outside the city to greet her. The younger brother also kills pigs and sheep at home to comfort his elder sister who has made great contributions to the country. After Hua Mulan returned home, she took off her battle robe, put on women's clothes, combed her hair, and came out to thank her companions who escorted her home.

The companions were extremely surprised to see that Hua Mulan was born as a girl. They did not expect that the comrade who had fought with him for twelve years turned out to be a beautiful woman.

The story of Mulan joining the army on her father's behalf spread quickly. Later generations even compiled this into a ballad and spread it widely. These ballads eventually became a long narrative poem "Poetry of Mulan". The saying that women should not be inferior to men has been passed down to this day. The famous figure Fuhao was the wife of King Wu Ding of the Shang Dynasty. She was the first female military officer in Chinese history (oracle bones). Commander-in-Chief, she is also an outstanding female politician. She was not only able to lead the army to conquer the east and west to expand territory for Wu Ding, but she also presided over various sacrificial activities of the Wu Ding Dynasty. Therefore, Wu Ding liked her very much. After her death, Wu Ding was very sad and gave her the posthumous title "Xin". The descendants of the Shang Dynasty respectfully called her "Mother Xin" and "Stepmother Xin". Hua Mulan is an ancient Chinese heroine. She is famous all over the world for joining the army on behalf of her father to defeat the invading tribes from the north. In the Tang Dynasty, she was posthumously named "General Xiaolie" and a shrine was built to commemorate her. It has a profound influence on later generations. His deeds have been shown in various forms of literary and artistic works, especially in movies and TV series, which have been remade many times, and even influenced the United States and the world. Mrs. Xian's original name was Xian Ying (AD 522-AD 590), a native of Gaozhou, Guangdong. She later married Feng Bao, the then governor of Gaoliang. Mrs. Xian was good at getting to know heroes. In 550 AD, she met Chen Baxian, the later leader of the Chen Dynasty, while participating in the suppression of Hou Jing's rebellion, and recognized him as the man who would pacify the troubled times. In 551, Mrs. Xian assisted Chen Baxian in capturing and killing Li Qianshi. The Liang Dynasty discussed the merits of quelling the rebellion and conferred the title of "Mrs. Protector" on Mrs. Xian. In 557 AD, Chen Baxian proclaimed himself emperor and the Chen Dynasty was established. In the second year of Chen Yongding (AD 558), Feng Bao died and Lingnan was in chaos. Mrs. Xian quelled the chaos and was canonized as the Taifu of Shilong County. After the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, the governors of several counties in Lingnan elected Mrs. Later, Mrs. Xian led the people of Lingnan to surrender. In the Sui Dynasty, she was granted the title of Mrs. Qiaoguo. After her death, she was given the posthumous title of "Mrs. Chengjing". Princess Pingyang (?-623?), the daughter of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, was the third daughter of Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan, and the beloved daughter of Li Yuan's legitimate wife Dou Shi (Queen Dou). She is a true heroine, and her talents and courage are not inferior to those of her brothers. However, her name and date of birth are not recorded in the "Old Book of Tang" and "New Book of Tang", which record her deeds. Fan Lihua was born during the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. Her father, Fan Hong, was the guard general of Hanjiang Pass in the Xiliang Kingdom (Western Turks) and later defected to the Tang Dynasty. Married to Xue Dingshan, they were both wise and courageous, and took command in the political arena. After the entire Xue family was slaughtered, she led her son Xue Gang into Chang'an to eliminate the traitors and take revenge. In folklore, she is a strange woman of the Tang Dynasty who dares to love, hate, and has a broad mind. She is a military marshal with strong martial arts, vast supernatural powers, and all-round talents in both civil and military affairs. Fan Lihua is a heroine in ancient China. Compared with Hua Mulan and Mu Guiying, she seems to have a stronger mythological color. When Xue Dingshan conquered the West, without exception, he talked about such an ancient woman who was full of rebellious spirit and dared to boldly pursue ideal love. The story tells that during the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, that is, after Tang Taizong Li Shimin ascended the throne of the Tang Dynasty emperor, some small northwest countries such as Xiliang Kingdom, centered in Wuwei, Gansu Province, were unwilling to accept the jurisdiction of the Tang Dynasty and used force to conquer the Tang Dynasty. Dynasty versus dynasty. For this reason, Emperor Taizong Li Shimin decided to send Xue Dingshan to conquer. All the legends about Fan Lihua happened in such a historical background. Fan Lihua is unparalleled in beauty, has the highest martial arts, and is invincible in the world. Although she is humiliated and wronged, she affirms her righteousness, takes the overall situation into consideration, and repays evil with kindness. Her image is extraordinary, beautiful, and profound. She embodies the great independent spirit of Chinese women. Zhe Taijun (that is, Taijun She in history), named Saihua, was a native of Datong, Xijing. She was the grandson of Zhe Congruan, the Jiedu envoy of Houzhou Town, and the daughter of Zhe Deke, the Jiedu envoy of Zhenfuzhou, Yong'an. Zhe Taijun guarded Fuzhou with his father Zhe Deke since he was a child. He was good at riding and shooting, and was married to Yang Ye, a famous general in the Northern Han Dynasty. Taijun Zhe was intelligent by nature, proficient in bow and horse martial arts, and well versed in the art of war. He assisted Yang Ye in many battles and served as an observer in Yunzhou, so he was known as Yang Wudi. Character in Mu Guiying's opera and novel "General of the Yang Family". He is a character in Ming Xiong Damu's novel "Zhi Zhuan of the Northern Song Dynasty" and Ji Zhenlun's novel "The Popular Romance of the Generals of the Yang Family". She was originally the daughter of Mu Yu from Muke Village. She was excellent in martial arts, witty and brave. Legend has it that a goddess taught her the art of divine arrows and flying knives. Because she fought with Yang Zongbao before the battle, she captured Zongbao alive and married him. She became a general of the Yang family and became an outstanding figure among the female generals of the Yang family. He fought with the generals of the Yang family to defend the country and made many military exploits. Taijun She (She Saihua) was in command at the age of 100 and led the twelve widows in the Western Expedition. When she was fifty, she was awarded the title of Pioneer. She went deep into dangerous situations and fought hard against the generals, winning a great victory. It is a typical image of a heroine in Chinese classical literature.

Liang Hongyu (1102-1135), whose name is not found in the history books, is only called Liang. Hongyu was the name given in various unofficial histories and storybooks after his death in battle. It was first seen in the legendary "Shuang Lie Ji" written by Zhang Siwei in the Ming Dynasty: "The Liang family of the Nu family, with a small name of Hongyu. Her father died and her mother lived there, she was born in Jiaofang, and she was from Tokyo." A famous anti-gold heroine in the Song Dynasty. Originally from Chizhou, Anhui, born in Huai'an, Jiangsu. Later he met Han Shizhong. Liang Hongyu felt grateful for his kindness and pledged herself to him. Han redeemed her as a concubine. After the death of his original wife Bai, she became Han's first wife. Qin Liangyu (1574-1648) was a female military commander, national hero and strategist with outstanding military exploits in the late Ming Dynasty. He once led the "white pole soldiers" to participate in Pingbo, aiding Liao, Pingshe, Qinwang, resisting Qing, and fighting against rebellion (Zhang Xianzhong). His meritorious service has gone to Dr. Guanglu of the Mingzhu Kingdom, Prince Taibao, Prince Taifu, Shaobao, Sichuan Recruitment Envoy, Zuo Dudu of the Central Military Governor's Office, Zhendong General, Sichuan Chief Military Officer, Zhongzhenhou, and Yipingaoming's wife. After his death, the Southern Ming court gave him the posthumous title "Zhongzhen". Special program The 2011 "March 8th" special program "Women", through the concentrated display of advanced collectives and advanced individuals that have emerged in the selection of women's contributions over the past 20 years, reflects the importance of the activity of "creating excellence, striving for excellence, women's contribution" Promote, educate, inspire, and unite women to play an important role and achieve fruitful results in actively participating in socialist modernization. The program will select typical figures who have emerged among the women's meritorious service models in the past 20 years, analyze and tell the wonderful and extraordinary lives of the women's meritorious service models from a unique perspective, and use overall story arguments to praise the All-China Women's Federation's women's meritorious service selection activities. The host Zhang Yue, as a recorder, visited "women's meritorious service" groups, advanced individuals, and role models across the country. Under the true recording of the camera, the vivid images and stories of the women's meritorious role models will be put on the screen. Their cross-regional, cross-industry, cross-national, highly individual and emotional achievements and life stories will be the most perfect interpretation of Chinese women’s characteristics, and will also reflect the development and changes of Chinese society in the 20 years from 1991 to 2011. .