Recent situation of psychology professor Wo Jianzhong

Especially in the summer vacation, Peking University is not in class and is doing reconstruction work.

On the morning of May 2 1, a "Psychological Intervention Special Group" jointly sponsored by Beijing Huandu Intelligent Technology Research Institute and China Red Cross Mind Sunshine Project, composed of psychologists and the public media, went to Mianyang, Sichuan, and officially began to implement the "Huichuan Action, Rebuilding the Mind" activity. Our reporter interviewed Professor Wo Jianzhong, the leader of the expert group of "Huichuan Action, Rebuilding the Mind" by telephone.

Campus life is necessary for children's mental health.

Reporter: What did the China Red Cross psychological rescue team do when they rushed to the Sichuan earthquake-stricken area?

Wo Jianzhong: The main tasks of the psychological rescue team in Sichuan this time include: investigating the psychological injury status of earthquake victims on the spot, feeding back the investigation results, and providing sufficient data and factual support for the next unified decision-making of the country; Cultivate a large number of local volunteers with consulting experience and psychological background, and quickly establish teams so that they can help others; People with severe psychological trauma should also take immediate intervention measures.

Reporter: What is the current situation of education in your area?

Wo Jianzhong: After the earthquake, landslides and dammed lakes flooded in many places. The location of Xuanping Township Central Primary School in Beichuan County has become a lake with a depth of 70 meters. The school is located at a depth of 30 meters, so it is impossible to rebuild the school in situ. Now the whole education system in Beichuan has been completely paralyzed, and many teachers have lost their loved ones. However, the teachers in the disaster area made the expert group have infinite shock and respect. In the case that the school can't resume classes, many teachers spontaneously organize their children to attend classes in tents. Many of them have been separated from their children for many days, but they can't find them because they have to take care of their students.

Now, outside Jiuzhou Gymnasium, a charity has donated money to set up a tent primary school, but the enrollment rate is only close to 30%, so it is difficult for most children to receive formal education in the short term. Long-term separation from the structured life of family and school will make idle children more anxious, which is very unfavorable to their mental health and may even aggravate their mental trauma.

The biggest expectation of many surviving families is to let their children go back to school as soon as possible and start a normal campus life-which is very necessary for their mental health.

Psychological problems are most likely to occur one week to three months after the disaster.

Reporter: How did the earthquake disaster affect the psychology of adults and teenagers in the disaster area?

Wo Jianzhong: The week after the disaster is generally a period of great psychological pressure. During this period, people have just experienced a disaster and are in a state of mental numbness, so they have no time to take care of their own psychological feelings. During the period from one week to three months after the disaster, people begin to think about the disaster, and it is easy to produce all kinds of negative emotions, including fear, guilt, despair, suicide, etc., and psychological problems are most likely to occur.

I saw in the disaster area that after the earthquake disaster, some people had serious psychological reactions such as fear, helplessness, depression, self-blame, guilt and anger. If the intervention is not timely, they may be immersed in pain for a long time and eventually lead to mental illness. On the surface, it seems that orphans are not hurt or crying, but the psychological trauma suffered by this group is more serious. Their eyes are dull, frightened and even numb, but they will change. They always hope that their parents are still here, just on a business trip, and their parents will pick him up.

Need long-term and stable psychological intervention and treatment.

Reporter: So how can we help them with psychological reconstruction?

Wo Jianzhong: We will give them care, acceptance and active support. This kind of positive support is not only psychological comfort, but also material support, which makes them feel safe. It will also provide psychological comfort and mental health education and training for different groups of people.

Of course, short-term psychological crisis intervention is far from enough after major disasters such as earthquakes. The psychological damage caused by disasters, especially those involved, may last for several years, requiring long-term and stable psychological intervention and treatment. I came into contact with a middle-aged man who experienced the Tangshan earthquake 32 years ago. He is only 13 years old, but after 30 years, the psychological shadow still exists, which shows the importance of psychological assistance.

Therefore, it is hoped that through the detailed investigation of the victims, a valuable consultation report can be provided for the government departments after the Huichuan action, and a long-term and stable psychological assistance institution or system can be established as soon as possible. Compared with temporary psychological crisis intervention volunteers, professional psychological assistance institutions have the characteristics of strong professionalism, perfect organizational structure, long service time and wide radiation area, which is conducive to better carrying out psychological assistance work.

At the same time, the people in the disaster areas should continue to maintain a brave and confident attitude towards life and face life positively.

Face it frankly, express it freely, and be your own psychotherapist.

Reporter: How can people with psychological trauma help themselves psychologically?

Wo Jianzhong: After such a huge disaster, people will have many negative emotions, such as strong fear and anxiety, self-guilt, anger, even despair and suicide. This is normal.

In the face of disasters, we should not only protect our health, but also learn to be our own psychomasseur.

First of all, admit your psychological feelings, don't force yourself to resist or deny the fears and worries in the face of disasters and emergencies, and try to keep a peaceful mind. Secondly, we should vent boldly; Self-blame is actually an expression of trying to save the lives of loved ones and love them, but self-blame for too long will affect our physical and mental recovery. We should face the facts and bravely tell the people around us this guilt. Anger can also be vented in words to people around you or related psychological aid workers, listen to their views on these things, and then calm down and analyze the reality.

The adjustment of all kinds of bad emotions after the disaster can be summed up in four words: "Face it calmly and express it freely".

Saving "Psychological Assets" and Rebuilding Spiritual Home

Reporter: What other problems have you found in your work that need to be solved urgently?

Wo Jianzhong: During the training of local volunteers, members of our expert group also felt that although volunteers are enthusiastic, they lack practical skills and effective and appropriate methods to face different types of victims. So we often practice various crisis intervention methods on the spot. Therefore, it is necessary to remind volunteers who are about to enter the disaster area that they need to have a background in psychological education or receive unified training before coming to the disaster area in order to better devote themselves to psychological assistance.

On May 7, when I gave a speech at Peking University School of Economics, I first put forward the concept of "psychological assets", that is, a person's happiness is an accumulated psychological asset. If he is always in a state of fear and tension, he will have psychological debt and affect his work efficiency.

For each of us, the time of life is constant, but how to make it more meaningful and "rich" requires us to face life with a positive attitude. Therefore, our psychological relief work is to save the "psychological assets" of the victims and help them rebuild their spiritual homes.

Reporter: Do you have any suggestions for people who care about disaster relief?

Wo Jianzhong: Due to the timely earthquake relief work and proper measures, there is basically no shortage of food in the disaster area, but clothes are still scarce. Compatriots in the rear can consider donating more clothes.

In addition, the sanitary conditions in the disaster areas are poor, especially the lack of school buildings. We must rebuild our homes as soon as possible and solve the problem of schooling for the affected students. It is suggested that schools in other provinces and cities provide counterpart support to schools in disaster areas, or that multiple schools join forces to donate money to build Hope Primary School.

After the reconstruction of schools in disaster areas, there are relatively few teachers with psychological education background or who can effectively carry out psychological assistance and consultation. Teachers who sign up for teaching in various places should actively learn some psychological knowledge, and local governments can organize these teachers to carry out unified training.

Wo Jianzhong: Doctor of Psychology, Professor of Beijing Normal University, Doctoral Supervisor, Professor of Southwest University, Chief Expert of Huandu Intelligent Technology Research Institute, Deputy Director of School Psychology Committee of Chinese Psychological Society, and Chairman of National Primary and Secondary School Mental Health Education Committee. As the leader of the expert group of "Huichuan Action, Rebuilding the Mind".

He has published more than 70 monographs and edited Experimental Methods of Intelligence Research, Psychology of Mathematics Teaching in Primary Schools, Psychological Counseling for Middle School Students, Psychological Counseling for Primary School Students and Psychological Counseling for Children.

Official voice

Put an end to the media's multiple interviews and psychological counseling for the same student.

On May 26th, the fifth regular press conference of the Ministry of Education in 2008 introduced the earthquake relief work of the education system, and proposed to actively carry out psychological assistance for students in disaster areas. It is necessary to give full play to the role of the expert working group on psychological assistance for primary and secondary school students sent by the education department, conduct general training for primary and secondary school teachers in disaster areas in a planned and step-by-step manner, organize and rely on the majority of primary and secondary school teachers, and use the published Handbook on Psychological Assistance after Disaster and the psychological hotline and professional website that have been opened to achieve full coverage of psychological assistance for students in disaster areas.

The Ministry of Education also requires provincial education departments in disaster areas to strengthen the organization, coordination and unified management of psychological assistance teams, strengthen the qualification examination and approval of organizations and personnel who enter the disaster areas to engage in psychological assistance, and put an end to multiple interviews and psychological counseling for the same student.

Psychological assistance will adhere to four principles.

In view of the problem that students with severe psychological trauma caused by disasters should be transferred to relevant professional institutions for psychological guidance, a spokesman for the Ministry of Education pointed out at a press conference that the expert working group for psychological assistance in disaster areas of primary and secondary schools will adhere to the following four principles when carrying out psychological assistance work: First, adhere to science. Because psychological assistance is a highly professional job, especially for primary and secondary school students, it must be carried out by specially trained professionals under the guidance of qualified experts to avoid causing psychological harm to students again. Second, persist in facing the whole country. Let every student know that all kinds of psychosomatic manifestations after the earthquake are normal responses to abnormal events. Understand the necessity of receiving this kind of psychological assistance. Third, it will be implemented in stages. According to the students' physical and mental reactions after the earthquake, the expert group will carry out psychological assistance work focusing on care, guidance, identification and sublimation. Fourth, group work. According to the age and degree of trauma of students, special attention should be paid to students who have lost their loved ones and become disabled. At the same time, it is necessary to give targeted psychological counseling to students who take the college entrance examination this year. Source: Now Teaching Media Network