20 19 basic knowledge of teacher recruitment education in inner Mongolia-characteristics and cultivation of emotions?

The emotional development of preschool children presents three major trends: emotional socialization, emotional enrichment and deepening, and emotional self-regulation, and its development characteristics can be grasped from three aspects. First of all, from the emotional process, there are three main characteristics:

1. Emotion and emotional instability. The emotions in early childhood are constantly changing, and even two opposing emotions can be transformed into each other in a short time.

2. Emotions are more exposed. In early childhood, children's emotions are completely exposed.

3. The mood is very impulsive.

Children's emotions are easily influenced by the outside world and impulsive, especially in early childhood; Secondly, from the emotional and emotional point of view, mainly in two aspects:

1. The things that emotions point to are increasing, and the emotions are also enriching. With the development of children's social needs, there are more and more things that cause children's emotional experience, and their emotions will be enriched.

2. The nature of the things that emotions point to changes gradually, and the emotions become more and more profound. With the development of children's speech and cognitive process, their social needs and emotions also develop; Finally, from the perspective of children's emotional development level, the characteristics are mainly manifested as "three senses":

1. Moral sense. That is, children's inner experience when evaluating whether their own or others' behavior conforms to the social moral behavior standards. Middle-class children often "complain", which is an act caused by moral sense.

2. aesthetic feeling. That is, the inner experience caused by whether people's aesthetic needs are met.

3. Sense of reason. Also known as "sense of wisdom", the expansion and deepening of curiosity is one of the main signs of children's sense of reason development.

The moral sense in the "three senses" is a frequently observed knowledge point, such as: "Children will be angry when they see their peers bullying others, and they will agree when they see their peers helping others. What is this experience? " The answer gives four options, namely, sense of reason, sense of morality, sense of beauty and sense of autonomy. As the name implies, moral sense is produced on the basis of mastering moral standards. Seeing that one's peers are bullied and angry, and seeing one's peers help others identify with them, is the inner experience of children when evaluating whether others' behavior conforms to moral standards, so the answer should be moral sense, and the other three options are not in line with the meaning of the topic. The above analysis is also the way we answer the questions after seeing them.

To understand the characteristics of preschool children's emotional development, we should not only stay at the theoretical level, but also apply theory to practice. The cultivation of good emotions is very important for children's growth, but because children are young, have low cognitive level and lack strong self-control, the cultivation of good emotions needs the help and guidance of adults.

1. Create a good emotional environment. Maintain a harmonious atmosphere and establish a good parent-child relationship and teacher-student relationship.

2. Emotional control of adults. Children like to imitate, teachers and parents are the objects of children's imitation and learning, so adults should do a good job of emotional management from their own.

3. Take a positive educational attitude, give priority to affirmation and encourage more.

4. Help children control their emotions. Use a variety of methods: transfer method, cooling method and regression method.

5. Teach children to adjust their emotional performance. Such as reflection, self-persuasion, imagination.

The above is about the characteristics and related knowledge of preschool children's emotions. Examinations are often combined with characteristics and training methods, for example, in the form of material analysis questions, so we should carefully examine the questions, make clear what knowledge points are examined in each question, lock the test sites, and analyze them with materials:

Example: "Three-year-old Yang Yang has lived with her grandmother since childhood. When I first went to kindergarten, every time my grandmother sent him to kindergarten to leave, Yang Yang always cried. When grandma's figure disappeared, Yang Yang soon calmed down and was able to play happily with the children. Because of fear, grandma turns back every time she leaves. When Yang Yang saw his grandmother again, he immediately grabbed her hand and began to cry ... "Question: In view of the above phenomenon, please analyze it with materials: (1) What are the characteristics of children's emotions reflected by Yang Yang's behavior? Does Grandma Yang Yang need to worry? How should teachers guide?

Thinking of answering questions: The knowledge points of the first question are very clear. According to the analysis of knowledge points and materials, it reflects the three characteristics of children's emotional instability, emotional exposure and emotional impulse; Don't worry about the second question. Then, it is clear that the topic is about the cultivation method of good mood, and five specific measures can be answered in combination with the materials.

No matter what kind of questions are examined, the most important thing is to firmly grasp the knowledge points and understand and analyze the meaning of the questions, so the answer is not difficult to answer. At the same time, it is impossible to cultivate children's good emotions overnight, but a long process step by step. In this process, schools, families and society need to work together to protect the healthy growth of children.