20 12 examination questions and answer 7 of preschool psychology's recruitment for kindergarten teachers.

1. Piaget divides children's cognitive development into four stages: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

2. In the perceptual movement stage, the baby adapts to the environment with _ _ _ _ _ _ and activities.

3. Intelligence is a comprehensive and stable psychological feature composed of basic elements such as perception and observation, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ memory, _ _ _ _ _ _, and thinking ability.

4. The goal of intellectual education is to develop children's intelligence and cultivate their basic ability to use _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

5. People often use the metaphor of "feeding fish" and "feeding fish" to illustrate that intellectual education contributes to the formation of _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

6. The mastery of knowledge goes through a series of processes, among which consolidation and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are the most basic three links.

7. _ _ _ _ _ _ is the primary stage of understanding knowledge.

8. The intuitive ways used by kindergartens mainly include _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

9. The stage of rational cognition is the advanced stage of understanding knowledge. It is the stage of reflecting the _ _ _ _ _ and internal relations of things, the stage of understanding the abstraction and generalization of things, and the stage of transformation of _ _ _ _ _.

10. The consolidation of knowledge is mainly accomplished through the process of memory, which mainly includes memorization, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1 1. According to different memory contents, memory can be divided into _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ memory, memory and memory.

12. Stimulate children's creative thinking by asking questions; You can tell stories to stimulate association and help art education. In addition, colorful _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the most effective way to develop children's creative thinking ability.

13. When responding to a question, you can consider it from multiple angles and dimensions, rather than just sticking to a certain range or dimension. This describes the _ _ _ _ _ characteristics of creative thinking.

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15. Children's intellectual education is to educate children according to their _ _ _ _ _ laws, knowledge and skills. It is to educate children through the development of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

16. The formation of cognitive ability is mainly reflected in the mastery of _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _.

17. Understanding knowledge is a process from low level to high level, which is divided into two stages: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _.

18. Forgetting is divided into two categories, one is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and the other is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

19. Creative thinking is unique in creative activities. It has four characteristics: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ refers to

20. Divergent thinking training from multiple angles and levels is an important method to cultivate creativity. The specific methods are as follows: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Second, the noun explanation

1, cognition

2. Intelligence

3. Early childhood education

4. understand; understand

5. Intuitive objects

6. The model is intuitive

7. Intuitive words

8. Law of Difference

9. Activity method

10, combinatorial law

1 1, knowledge systematization

12, reserved

13, excessive learning

14, identification

15, memories

16 creative thinking

Third, multiple choice questions

1, the description of intelligence and knowledge is correct ()

A intelligence and knowledge belong to the same category.

B. Intelligence and knowledge are inseparable.

C, knowledge can be said to be equal to intelligence

D, a knowledgeable child must have a high IQ.

2, intellectual education has a great role in promoting children's psychological development, the following is not its specific performance is ()

First, it helps to form children's basic skills

B, help to develop children's intelligence

C, help to cultivate children's good personality development.

D, help children grow up faster.

3, the following does not belong to the most basic link of knowledge is ()

A. Consolidate

Do you understand

C. synthesis

D. application

4, in order to let children know dragonfly, the teacher showed dragonfly specimens, this is () teaching method.

First, physical intuition

B, the model is intuitive

C, intuitive words

D, intuitive action

On the white cloth, purple eggplant is displayed. This velveteen teaching aid uses the law of perception.

First, the law of similarity

B. law of difference

C, activity law

D, the law of combination

6, the following statement is correct ()

A, physical intuition can make people observe the essential characteristics of things.

B, intuitive objects help to stimulate children's interest in learning and curiosity C, intuitive images can make children clearly understand the size ratio of things.

D, verbal intuition is more vivid than physical intuition.

7, the following understanding of children's characteristics, the error is ()

A, understanding specific things in isolation, not from the relationship or connection between things B, understanding things mainly depends on the image of specific things.

C, the understanding of things is a direct understanding D, children's understanding of the essential characteristics of things must rely on psychological processes such as memory, imagination and thinking to complete.

8. () is a process of repeatedly knowing something and leaving traces in your mind, which is an extra step to consolidate your knowledge.

A, memory

B, keep

C. recognition

D, memories

9. The following does not affect children's recognition and memory is ()

A, children's physical health B, children's psychological state

C, children's memory laterality and self-awareness; D, whether the correct memory method can be used.

10, the purpose of learning knowledge is ()

I. Understanding of knowledge

B, understanding of knowledge

C, the consolidation of knowledge

D, the application of knowledge

1 1, the following is not the characteristic of creative thinking ()

A, continuity B, novelty

C, flexibility D, accuracy

12. Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, divides children's cognitive development into four stages, of which how big is the specific operation stage? ()

1. 0~2 years old

B, 2~7 years old

C, 7~ 1 1 year

D, 1 1 years later

13. Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, divides children's cognitive development into four stages. What stage of operation does self-centered speculation belong to? ()

A, motion perception stage B, preoperative stage

C, specific operation stage D, formal operation stage

14. The intuitive way is the most commonly used in kindergarten teaching. Through the perception of various practical things, what kind of intuitive way? ()

First, physical intuition

B, the touch image is intuitive.

C, intuitive words

D, the image is intuitive

15. () refers to a perceptual law that the perceptual object presents an active state on a static background to enhance the perceptual effect? ()

A, law of difference b, law of activity

C, law of perception d, law of combination

Iv. true or false questions

1. In the perceptual movement stage, the baby adapts to the environment with various senses and activities. ()

2. In the pre-operation stage, the child has been able to look at the problem from the perspective of others. ()

3. Children's intellectual development refers to the all-round development of basic elements such as perception and observation, attention, memory, imagination and thinking power, rather than the development of a certain element. ()

Children with the same knowledge show the same intelligence and ability in learning and solving practical problems. ()

5. The formation of cognitive ability is mainly reflected in the mastery of knowledge and skills, and in early childhood, the mastery of skills is the most basic. ()

6. The systematization of knowledge is conducive to children's understanding of knowledge itself, and it is also conducive to using the original knowledge to understand new knowledge.

7. From the performance of children's memory, children's conscious memory is dominant. ()

8. With the growth of children's age, word memory develops faster than image memory. ()

9. If children can remember a certain material by reciting 10 times, then memorizing 10 times is more conducive to deepening children's memory traces. ()

10. For young children, association is a more effective way to recall. ()

1 1. Repeated training, that is, let children repeatedly perceive what they want to remember, that is, mechanical training. ()

12. Generally speaking, there are essential differences in creative thinking between children and adults. ()

13. Colorful game activities are the most effective way to develop children's creative thinking ability. ()

Verb (abbreviation of verb) short answer questions

1. What are the meanings of cognition and knowledge? What is the relationship between the two?

2. Briefly describe Piaget's cognitive development theory.

3. What is the meaning of intelligence? How to judge a person's intellectual development level? Some people say, "The more knowledge people have, the higher their intelligence level will be." Is this sentence correct? Why?

4. What is intellectual education? What effect does intellectual education have on children's psychological development? On the necessity and possibility of doing it for children.

5. Briefly describe the basic cognitive ability formed by children.

6. What links does the process of children's cognitive ability include? What is the relationship between these links?

7. Give an example to illustrate how to improve the perception effect by using the perception law.

8, combined with their own learning experience, talk about the conditions to achieve recitation effect in the process of consolidating knowledge.

VI. Analysis and discussion of problems

1, illustrate the effective measures and methods to cultivate children's interest in knowledge.

2. Briefly describe the effective measures and methods to cultivate children's intelligence.

Test answer

Fill in the blanks

1. Perceptual movement stage, formal operation stage

feeling

3. Attention and imagination

5. Hands-on ability of sensory language communication environment

5. Basic skills

Understand the application

7. Perception and cognition stage

8. Intuitive objects and intuitive words

9. Essential characteristic perceptual materials

10. Continue to understand

1 1. image memory logical memory

12. Heuristic game activities

13. Flexibility

14. Understand the objective world and the subjective world in the whole cognitive process, and pay attention to the words used in thinking.

15. Logical characteristics of physical and mental development Language imparts knowledge, skills and wisdom

16. Knowledge and skills

17. perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge

18. Permanent forgetting and temporary forgetting

19. Fluency, flexibility and accuracy of thinking process

20. Material diffusion structure diffusion combination diffusion

Second, the noun explanation

1. Cognition refers to all cognitive processes, as well as people's cognitive activities to the objective world and the subjective world, including the processes of perception, attention, memory, thinking, imagination, speech, creativity and problem solving.

2. Intelligence refers to people's ability to know objective things and use knowledge to solve practical problems. It is a comprehensive and stable psychological feature composed of basic elements such as perception and observation, attention, memory, image power and thinking power.

3. Early childhood education refers to the education of individuals according to the laws of their physical and mental development and the logical characteristics of knowledge and skills. It is an education that opens up personal wisdom by developing language and imparting knowledge and skills.

4. Comprehension refers to the reaction process of human brain to the essential attributes and internal relations of objective things.

5. Physical intuition refers to the perception of various practical things.

6. Visual simulation refers to the perception of models and images of actual things.

7. Verbal intuition refers to restoring related images or arousing children's imagination through intuitive verbal description, so as to arouse children's memory and association.

8. The law of difference means that what is perceived must be different from its background.

9. Activity method refers to making the perceived object present an active state in a static background to enhance the perception effect.

10. Combination law refers to separating objects from the background, making the perceived objects form a meaningful system in content or time and space, which is helpful for children to form regular knowledge.

1 1, knowledge systematization refers to understanding the relationship between the parts of knowledge and forming an organic system in the mind.

12, keeping refers to the process of further consolidating what has been written in your mind.

13, excessive learning refers to repeated learning for an appropriate number of times after just being able to recite a certain material.

14. Identity means that when things perceived in the past are presented to you again, they will feel familiar and know that they remembered before.

15. Memory refers to things perceived in the past, which can be re-presented in an appropriate way when they are not in sight.

Creative thinking is a unique thinking process in creative activities, an advanced form of human thinking and a comprehensive expression of all kinds of thinking.

Third, multiple choice questions

1.B 2。 D 3。 C 4 explosive A 5。 B 6。 B 7。 C 8。 A nine. C 10。 D 1 1。 A 12。 C 13。 B 14。 A 15。 B

Iv. true or false questions

1. is 2. Not three. It's four. Not five. Not six. Not eight. It's nine. Not 10. Yes 1 1. Not 12. Not 13.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) short answer questions

1, A: Cognition refers to all cognitive processes. At the same time of cognition, it is people's cognitive activities to the objective world and the subjective world, including the processes of perception, attention, memory, thinking, imagination, speech, creativity and problem solving. Knowledge is the sum total of knowledge and experience gained by people in the time of creating the world.

Relationship: knowledge is closely related to cognition, and knowledge is obtained through cognitive activities; Existing knowledge is also a sign of cognitive development level. Once acquired, knowledge can be used in future cognitive activities.

2. Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, made an in-depth study of children's cognitive, intellectual or thinking development. He divided children's cognitive development into four stages: perceptual movement stage (0-2 years old), pre-operation stage (2-7 years old), specific operation stage (7- 1 1 year old) and formal operation stage (165438).

In the stage of perceptual movement, babies adapt to the environment with feelings and activities.

In the pre-operation stage, children are self-centered to speculate about things around them. The main development of cognition is that you can express your view of the world with language, symbols and pictures, and imitate people you have seen or repeat things you have experienced through games.

In the specific operation stage, children can organize various methods to carry out logical operations with the help of specific things or specific help, and logical thinking appears. Thinking is reversible. In the stage of formal operation, logical operation is started on propositions according to various assumptions.

Piaget believes that the above four stages are interrelated but different; The order between them will not be reversed or omitted.

3. Answer: Intelligence refers to people's ability to understand objective things and to use knowledge to solve practical problems. It is a comprehensive and stable psychological feature composed of basic elements such as perception and observation, attention, memory, image power and thinking power.

Intelligence is a comprehensive ability, and each component of intelligence has its unique function, but they are not unrelated, independent or mechanically added. On the contrary, they are a whole that is mutually conditional, interdependent and restrictive. Therefore, the development of intelligence refers to the development of the whole, not the development of a certain component or element.

Some people say, "The more people have knowledge, the higher their intelligence level." This sentence is wrong.

Because: although intelligence and knowledge are different categories, they are inseparable. They depend on each other and promote each other to master knowledge, which is a necessary condition for developing intelligence; The development of intelligence can promote a person's mastery of knowledge. Knowledge is not equal to intelligence. Children with the same knowledge often differ greatly in their intelligence and ability to learn and solve practical problems. Children with high IQ can not only absorb a lot of knowledge quickly and widely. But also can use existing knowledge to solve practical problems.

4. A: A: Children's intellectual education is the education of individual facts according to the laws of individual physical and mental development and the logical characteristics of knowledge and skills. (1) is a personal wisdom education that teaches knowledge and skills by developing languages.

(2) Intellectual education contributes to the formation of children's basic skills.

Intellectual education can develop children's intelligence.

Intellectual education can cultivate the formation and development of children's good personality.

(3) The possibility and necessity of intellectual education in children's development.

(1) The development and maturity of physiology provide the possibility for intellectual education.

Childhood is a period of rapid development of the nervous system, especially the brain. The differentiation of cerebral cortical cells is basically late. The rapid development of brain structure and skills in infancy provides a physiological basis for children to learn knowledge and develop intelligence.

(2) From the development of children's cognition, attention, memory and imagination. They are all arbitrary and have poor abstract generalization ability. Most of the knowledge about things happens under the influence of external stimuli, and most of the knowledge gained is scattered. Therefore, adults need to educate them purposefully, planned and systematically. Gradually improve children's understanding level and promote intellectual development.

(3) Social development requires children to receive intellectual education.

Answer 5: (1) In operational activities, children can initially master and actively use a variety of senses for perceptual exploration.

(2) Children can initially master the method of observation.

(3) In daily life and games, children will classify objects according to their names and certain characteristics (such as color, size, shape, etc.). ), gradually classify objects from different angles, and form a preliminary generalization ability.

(4) Learn to compare the differences between things (people, animals, plants, etc.). ) or differences between objects.

(5) Children can use language to express their feelings and discoveries in perception and operation activities, and can make a preliminary guess according to the appearance of some things.

6. A: The formation of cognitive ability includes three basic links: knowledge understanding, knowledge consolidation and knowledge application.

Relationship: The understanding and consolidation of knowledge is closely related to the application of knowledge. The understanding and consolidation of knowledge is the premise of knowledge application, and the application of knowledge makes the understanding and consolidation of knowledge tested and developed. Therefore, the understanding, consolidation and application of knowledge are three closely related links in the process of mastering knowledge and improving cognitive ability.

7. A: Various perceptual laws are the basis of educating and teaching children, which helps to improve the effect of children's perception.

The perceived object must reach a certain and sufficient intensity, so that children can perceive and cause clear sensory perception. If the teacher's voice is neither too loud nor too small, every child can hear it.

We should consider the selectivity of perception and improve the speed of perception. For example, the greater the difference between the object and the background, the easier it is for the object to be perceived. Teachers should follow the law of perception, write on the blackboard, make wall charts and operate the focal length in class.

Enrich children's life experience and enhance their understanding ability. Teachers should make full use of every opportunity to enrich children's appearances and their repeated life experiences, so as to lay a foundation for understanding. For example, organize children to visit and broaden their horizons.

8. A: The main way to keep the memory of memory materials and prevent forgetting is to review. German psychologist Ebbinghaus suggested that the process of forgetting is unequal, that is, fast first and then slow. In order to avoid a lot of forgetting at first. It should be timely, the number of reviews should be more first and then less, and the interval of reviews should be six times. Analysis and discussion questions.

1, a: The basic task of cultivating children's interest in knowledge is to guide children's direct interest to indirect interest, improve the stability of interest, and lay a solid foundation for establishing directional learning interest in the future. Specifically, the following measures and methods can be considered:

(1) Set up a good environment to enrich children's knowledge and life experience.

(2) Correctly answer all kinds of questions raised by children, and cultivate a common interest in knowledge more persistently and deeply.

Body temperature is an important manifestation of children's interest in learning. Teachers should listen to children's body temperature patiently and carefully, encourage children with body temperature and answer questions correctly and tactfully. Teachers should also be good at inspiring children to ask questions.

(3) By organizing colorful activities, such as storytelling, solve riddles on the lanterns, small experiments and games. And flexible ways and means in life to stimulate children's extensive interests and curiosity.

(4) Cultivate children's interest in all kinds of intuitive materials and toys.

(5) Various visual materials and toys are tools to help children explore and actively discover.

2. A: According to the age characteristics of children, the following methods can be generally used to cultivate children's intelligence.

Children's interest in knowledge,

B) Cultivate children's perception and observation ability.

Measures and methods: create a good environment and enrich children's knowledge and life experience.

Answer children's questions correctly and guide children's interest in knowledge to develop more persistently and deeply.

By organizing colorful activities, such as storytelling, solve riddles on the lanterns, small experiments, games, etc. And flexible ways and means in life to stimulate children's extensive interests and curiosity.

Cultivate children's interest in all kinds of intuitive materials and toys.

Various intuitive materials and toys are tools to help children explore and actively discover.

Children's attention

Measures and methods: protect and train children's senses as soon as possible,

Cultivate children's interest and attention in observation.

It is necessary to observe purposefully and methodically.

Guide children to observe in many ways.

Cultivate children's memory.

Measures and methods: Learning activities are diverse and rich in content.

The difficulty of learning content should be moderate.

Positive thinking activities can be highly concentrated, so the prevention of body temperature can electrically stimulate the accumulation of children's thinking.

Build a good environment, eliminate distractions and improve the effect of attention.

Children's creative thinking.

Measures: Establish a free creative environment.

Creative buds for taking care of children.

Stimulate children's creative thinking.

Use a variety of training methods.

Attach importance to the cultivation of non-intellectual factors.

From short to long.