What was the area of ??Beijing during the Qing Dynasty?

In the Qing Dynasty, Beijing city had an area of ??35 million square meters.

The existing Imperial City of Beijing was built during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1406-1420). It is a city wall made of bricks. The outside of the city wall is painted vermilion, and the top of the wall is covered with yellow. Glazed tiles. The gate in the south of the imperial city is called Daming Gate (renamed Daqing Gate in the Qing Dynasty, and Zhonghua Gate in the Republic of China). The gate on the east side is called "Dong'an Gate", the gate on the west side is called "Xi'an Gate", and the gate on the north side is called "Bei'an Gate". Gate", it was renamed Di'an Gate in the Qing Dynasty.

Beijing’s former inner city was built between 1370 and 1419 by Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty. The inner city was about 24 miles in circumference and had 9 gates per square. It was called the “Four-nine Cities” in the old Beijing dialect. It is the four walls from east to west, north and south of the inner city and its nine gates.

Outer City, during the Ming Dynasty, the population outside Zhengyang Gate increased. In order to prevent external intrusion, Liu Bowen and others suggested in 1542 that the Ming government build the outer city of Beijing. In the 32nd year of Jiajing's reign, he wrote to Zhu Bochen and suggested that it should be repaired. In addition, ancient Chinese cities originally had a heavy city system model of "inner city and outer city".

So Emperor Jiajing ordered a large-scale construction project to build the city wall. After working for a while, he found that finances were tight. After Yan Song came to inspect the construction site, he proposed to build the southern city wall first, and then continue to build the other walls when he had money later.

Finally, the repaired city wall in the south of Beijing was "turned east to north and connected to the southeast corner of the city; turned west to north and connected to the southwest corner of the city." The outer city project took ten months. The city of Beijing has become a "convex" shape.

Extended information

Introduction to Beijing City in the Qing Dynasty: In the Qing Dynasty, the inner and outer cities, Huangcheng and Forbidden City were used in the Ming Dynasty, and the location did not change. Only the Guangning Gate in the outer city and the Daoguang Gate in the Qing Dynasty The name is Yuoning, and the word "Ning" is taboo, so Guangning Gate was changed to Guang'an Gate. The inner city is divided into nine gates, Zhengyang Gate is in the center of the south, Chongwen Gate is on the left, and Xuanwu Gate is on the right; The two east gates of the city are Chaoyang Gate and Dongzhi Gate.

The two gates on the west side of the city are Fucheng Gate and Xizhi Gate; on the north side of the city are Desheng Gate and Anding Gate. The outer city is divided into seven gates: Yongding Gate in the south, Zuo'an Gate and You'an Gate on both sides, Guang'an Gate in the west, Guangqu Gate in the east, and Dongbian Gate and Xibian Gate at the junction of the inner city. .

Introduction to the Imperial City of Beijing in the Qing Dynasty: There are seven gates around the Imperial City of the Qing Dynasty. In addition to the Daqing Gate, Chang'an Left Gate, Chang'an Right Gate and Tiananmen in the south, there are three gates on the east, west and north sides. Open one gate, the east gate is called Dong'an Gate, the west gate is called Xi'an Gate, and the north gate is called Di'an Gate.

The door base is a blue and white stone base, with red walls and yellow glazed tiles. It has a single eaves on the top of the mountain. It is seven rooms wide. There are three pairs of gold nails in the three bright rooms. The east, west and four dark rooms are the duty rooms. On both sides of the Di'an Gate are Wild goose wing terrace house. Common people were not allowed to live in the imperial city. Except for the larger Sheji Altar and the Imperial Ancestral Temple in the south, the others were all government agencies dedicated to palace life and managing daily royal affairs.

For example, the Di'an Gate houses the Imperial Prison, the Wax Storehouse, the Rice and Salt Storehouse, the Weaving and Dyeing Bureau, etc., and the Xi'an Gate houses the Xishi Storehouse, Sutra Edition Storehouse, etc. Inside Dong'an Gate is Xiao Nancheng, where Emperor Yingzong of the Ming Dynasty lived, as well as the imperial database Huang Shicheng, Guanglu Temple and the Porcelain Storehouse.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing City