Why does A Chinese Odyssey praise Wei Wuji, the king of Xinling: Combining rigidity with softness, benevolence and righteousness are true gentlemen.

During the Warring States Period, King Wei An had a favorite concubine named Ruji. For example, Ji, beautiful and virtuous, won the favor of King Wei Anli, but there is always something hidden in her brow with a little heroic spirit, and sometimes she secretly cries. It turned out that her father was killed, and the revenge of killing his father has not been reported for a long time.

For example, Ji had begged King Wei Anli to avenge his father, and offered a heavy reward for three years, still without a clue; Since Wang Wei, everyone wants to avenge Ruji, but no one can succeed.

You can't be at ease if you don't avenge your father. Ruji lived in pain and hatred like a year. Suddenly, one day, she thought of someone. If even this person can't avenge his father's death, then no one in this world can help himself anymore.

Ruji secretly made an appointment with Wang Wei's younger brother, crying and telling his hatred to this childe, begging him to help him take revenge.

Soon, Ruji received the head of her enemy.

The son that this artist can't do is Wei Wuji, Xin Lingjun.

Sima Qian spoke highly of Xin Lingjun. He wrote biographies for all four sons in the Warring States period, but he only called Xin his son. Everyone else is a gentleman. Only Xin Zhuan is the Biography of Wei Gongzi, and the full text was written 147 times.

This "son" is not a respectful name for young men. In the pre-Qin period, only the son of a vassal could be called a son. Gongzi is the son of Gongsun and Gongsun is the grandson of Gongsun. Sima Qian called Xin a childe, which shows that he is highly respected.

Emperor gaozu Liu Bang revered Xinlingjun and wanted to go to him at the beginning of the uprising. It's a pity that Wei Gongzi died later. After Liu Bang became emperor, he would go to worship his son every time he passed the girder. Later, he also specially placed five grave guards for his son, so that they could guard his son's grave from generation to generation and worship his son in the four seasons.

What about Wei Gongzi? The world praises the westward journey!

Wuji, the son of Wei, is the youngest son of King Zhao Wei. After Zhao Wei's death, King Wei Anli acceded to the throne, and Wei Wuji was named Xinlingjun.

Actually, King Wei Anli didn't want this younger brother to be Xinlingjun, because it was a fief. Besides, this younger brother is very talented and has many clients. If we give him land, his power will surely grow, which is not what King Wei Anli hoped to see. But he had no choice. He needs Xinlingjun to balance Meng Changjun of Qi, and he also needs Xinlingjun's reputation and the ability to prevent other countries from invading.

After King Wei Anli sealed the letter to Ling Jun, his purpose was indeed achieved. Shiji wrote:

In the early Warring States period, people were very concerned about reputation, and it was very respectable for a person to have a good reputation. If you attack a person with a good reputation, everyone will drown you.

The four sons of the Warring States were famous all over the world, and Xin Lingjun's sage name ranked first among the four sons, and he was known as "a childe's westward journey".

Believing in Wei Gongzi's good reputation, Ling Jun made thousands of taxis in Fiona Fang compete for it. At that time, there were as many as 3000 public guests. These scholars, more or less, have some skills, and some of them are wizards in the world. With such a Xinlingjun in Wei, other vassal States naturally dare not attack, including Qin, and dare not send troops to Wei casually.

Twenty years after Wei Anli, in order to rescue Zhao, Wei Gongzi stole the bugle, forged Wang Wei's orders, killed Wei Jiang Jinbi, and led troops to help Zhao attack Qin Jun. After he succeeded, he stayed in Zhao for ten years for fear of Wang Wei's indignation and inner guilt.

When Qin saw the new thing, he never returned to Wei, and his spirit came again-the new thing was gone, and Wei could fight again.

King Wei Anli was beaten at a loss, and other countries were unwilling to send troops to support him. There is no way out. Although he is full of complaints about Wei Gongzi, he can only send someone to invite him back to China.

Thirty years after Wei Anli became king, Wei Gongzi returned to China and accepted the post of general. Then he calmly wrote a letter to the princes, asked for support without saying anything, and just told them that he was a general of Wei.

After receiving the letter, the governors of various countries immediately sent troops to support Wei, all under the unified command of Wei Gongzi.

Wei Gongzi led five armies and beat Qin Jun out of the water. Meng Ao, the Qin general, can only retreat, stay in Hangu Pass and never come out again. At that time, Wei Gongzi became famous.

The Yangtze Law says: "A gentleman is soft in benevolence but firm in righteousness." Only by combining rigidity with softness can a real gentleman be synthesized. Wei Gongzi is a kind corporal, meaning benevolence; Just to help others. Because of human kindness, it is known as "a Chinese odyssey".

The four sons of the Warring States had a good reputation, and they all raised many public guests, but only Wei's son was praised by Sima Qian as a "kind corporal".

① Benevolence

Benevolence, from human to two, benevolence, universal love. Confucius believes that it is benevolence that can achieve "solemnity, generosity, honesty, diligence and kindness". Solemn words and deeds, will not be insulted; Be generous to others and get everyone's support; Only by being honest can you get the appointment of others; Diligence and sensitivity can improve work efficiency; Kindness in your heart can be sent to others.

The core of benevolence is "loving others", that is, loving others.

Meng Changjun, one of the Four Childes in the Warring States Period, had more than 3,000 tourists and was regarded as a moral man. Once, passing by Zhao, Zhao treated him as a distinguished guest. Zhao people want to see what kind of person Meng Changjun of Qi is.

When these people met Meng Changjun, they found that he was not as tall as they thought, so they called Meng Changjun "little husband" or laughed at his short stature.

Hearing this, Meng Changjun flew into a rage. He killed hundreds of people, destroyed a county with his public servants, and then walked away.

People laugh at Meng Changjun, probably because their own Ping Yuanjun looks braver and bigger. I think Meng Changjun, who enjoys equal fame with the former monarch of peace, should be generous and heroic. Who knows that Meng Changjun is not commensurate with his fame, thin and small, and ugly, so it is really "not as famous as meeting"! As a result, people's pride arises spontaneously, and the more they look at Meng Changjun, the more ridiculous it becomes.

And Meng Changjun, a wise man in SHEN WOO, just because people laughed at his appearance, wanted to kill people, killing people, and really can't be called "benevolence".

What kind of person is Wei Gongzi? In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang told such a story in the Biography of Martyrs:

One day, Wei Gongzi was having dinner when suddenly a little turtledove flew in and hid under his box and refused to come out.

Wei Gongzi politely asked Xiao Turtledove, "What's the hurry?" The little turtledove chirped a few times and looked scared, but still refused to come out.

Although Wei Gongzi didn't understand Turtledove's words, he guessed that Little Turtledove had come to seek shelter, so he sent someone outside to look for it and found a kite hovering over the yard.

Wei Gongzi protected the little turtledove in the house and didn't let it out until the eagle disappeared. Who would have thought that as soon as Turtledove left, she was chased by an eagle hiding in the dark.

Wei Gongzi blamed himself and couldn't eat at night. He told the public: "I came to Wei Wuji to take refuge, but I was killed by an eagle. I lost it. " . If someone can help me catch this kite, I have nothing to give up. "

The next day, Wei Gongzi saw 200 kites (this appeal was also lost). People around me suggested killing all 200 kites to prevent the "real murderer" from escaping the net. But he didn't want to hurt the innocent, so he went to the cage with a sword in his hand and said seriously to the suspect, "The one who killed the turtledove yesterday bowed his head and confessed, and the others can fly high."

Sure enough, there was a kite with its head down, and it didn't dare to look up at Wei Gongzi. So Wei Gongzi had this kite caught and killed, and all the other kites were released.

Not to mention whether the eagle can really understand Wei Gongzi's words, only that Wei Gongzi's heart that doesn't kill innocent people is definitely a "kind heart."

There is a slight contrast between the actions of these two gentlemen.

Meng Changjun also has a reputation as a sage, with both ability and political integrity. But he killed hundreds of people just because others laughed at him. It can be seen that his "benevolence" is not in his heart, but for people to see, in order to maintain his image of "benevolence" in the eyes of the whole world.

And Wei Gongzi still has such love for birds, not to mention for people.

"Benevolence" means loving the appearance of others. So much for Xin Lingjun.

In the twentieth year of Wei Anli, King Zhao of Qin sent troops to attack Zhao, who was unable to resist and asked Wang Wei and Xin Lingjun for help.

Ping Yuanjun's wife is Wei Gongzi's sister and naturally Wei Anli's sister, so Wang Wei sent general Jin Bi to lead hundreds of troops to the rescue.

Who knows that when the king of Qin heard about it, he immediately sent messengers to threaten Wang Wei: I will attack Zhao now, and I will win it sooner or later. If anyone dares to save Zhao, winning Zhao is the next target!

King Wei Anli was suddenly discouraged. He was afraid that Qin would really attack him, so he asked Jinbi to lead his troops there to watch: if Qin was defeated, he would help Zhao; If Qin wins, retreat back.

Zhao's is also a clever man. Knowing that it was useless to find Wang Wei, he sent someone to find Wei Gongzi, the prince of Xinling, because he knew that Wei Gongzi would help.

Wang Wei didn't order the rescue, and Wei Gongzi actually had no choice but to take his public guests to fight Zhao in hundreds of cars.

Fortunately, before he left, Hou Ying gave him an idea, that is, the famous "Xinlingjun stole the charm to save Zhao". Wei Gongzi asked Ruji to steal the military emblem. Hou Ying said to him, "You have to leave and don't accept your orders. If you go to see Jinbi, even if you get the military emblem, if Jinbi doesn't believe you, you will definitely ask Wang Wei for proof again. If this happens, things will be critical. My friend Zhu Hai is a strong man. Let him go with you. If Jinbi listens, he will give it back. If he doesn't listen, let Zhu Hai kill Jinbi. "

Hearing this, Wei Gongzi suddenly cried. Hou Ying asked him, "Is my son afraid of death?" Wei Gongzi said, "I'm not afraid of death. Wei veteran, brave and good at fighting. I don't think he will obey orders, so he must be killed. " So I'm sad. "

Wei Gongzi didn't cry when he died, but he cried at the thought of killing Jinbi. This soft kindness can't be faked. Wei Gongzi is a true benevolent.

② Corporal

Sima Qian said this at the end of Biography of Wei Gongzi:

Most of the sons in the Warring States period like to keep customers, and some even take pride in having many customers, such as Meng Changjun.

In fact, it is not easy to raise public guests. Once these scholars are taken in, they will be responsible for all their food and drink (Wei Gongzi has 3,000 diners, and the annual expenditure is definitely a huge number).

What you can get from the doorman is that when you need it, the doorman will do his best to do things for you and even give his life. Of course, if you are respectful to the public, you can also get the reputation of a lover.

But these sons are waiting for scholars to defect and will not make friends on their own initiative. Just like the big bosses in modern times, such as Ma Yun and Zhang Yiming, when they need talents, they will send out a recruitment and talents will flock to them. They don't need to take the initiative to make friends with talents.

So are these sons. They are rich and expensive. As long as you are respectful to the scholar and pay well, there will be taxis who appreciate him. These scholars are his guests.

Wei Gongzi was an accident among these Gongzi. He is generous and kind, and respects virtuous people. Sima Qian's evaluation of him is that wealth can be poor, and virtue can be greedy.

He never despises those scholars because he is rich and powerful. No matter they are talented or incompetent, he will associate with them respectfully and humbly. In other words, don't put on airs and really respect capable people.

What is more rare is that as long as he hears about talented people, no matter how low their status is, he will personally make friends with them.

Hou Ying is the gatekeeper of Wei Gongzi, Zhu Hai is a butcher, Mao Gong is a gambler, and Gong Xue sells wine ... These are all people with real skills. In their eyes, fame and fortune are floating clouds. In the face of troubled times, they don't want to join anyone, so they choose to hide their strength and be a "poor" common people.

When Wei Gongzi heard that Hou Ying was a hermit, he went to invite him personally and wanted to be nice to him. Wei Gongzi didn't want Hou Ying to work for him when he went to make friends. After all, Hou Ying was seventy years old at that time, and Wei Gongzi just felt that virtuous people deserved respect and preferential treatment.

Hou Ying has his own morality, so he is naturally unwilling to accept it. In order to show sincerity, Wei Gongzi specially chose a good day, held a big banquet and invited many princes and princes. After everyone was seated, he took the team, vacated a distinguished seat in the car, and went to Hou Ying, the east gate of the city, to meet Hou Ying in person.

Hou Ying heard of Wei Gongzi, and he also had contact with Wei Gongzi. He wants to know if Wei Gongzi is really as virtuous as he is? If Wei Gongzi's respect for sages is false, it is ignored. If it is true, he will send a big gift to Wei Gongzi.

So Hou Ying also you're welcome. Seeing that Wei Gongzi was driving to pick him up, he cut his tattered clothes, swaggered into the carriage and asked Wei Gongzi to drive him personally. Seeing that Wei Gongzi's attitude was more and more respectful and passable, Hou Ying decided to explore further. He told Wei Gongzi that I have a good friend who is a butcher. Please take me to the market to visit him in a carriage.

The market is a place where the poor will go, and ordinary rich people are unwilling to condescend to go, which is too shameful.

Wei Gongzi respectfully drove the car and took Hou Ying to see Zhu Hai. Hou Ying deliberately chatted with Zhu Hai for a long time. It must be impatient for another son to come here: I'm Gao Qian's son, and I personally drove to pick up a janitor. You even asked me to drive you to meet your friends. Nothing important. When can't you go to see him? You left me hanging and you two chatted. You really treated me like a carriage driver!

But Wei Gongzi is not like this. He is not only impatient, but also more and more respectful. However, Wei Gongzi's entourage and people around him have already scolded Hou thousands of times in their hearts.

Look, it's time. Hou Ying was also satisfied with the performance of Wei Gongzi, so he got on the bus and went back with him. The son took Hou Ying to the most distinguished seat and praised Hou Ying in front of all the guests. He hopes that everyone will respect Hou Ying as he does.

As a believer, Wei Gongzi can be calm without resentment in the face of a doorman's difficulties, just because he really respects Hou Ying. This Hou Ying and Zhu Hai are not ordinary people. They are the chivalrous men mentioned by Li Bai in "Chivalrous Men", as evidenced by poems:

Sometimes when I'm free, I walk through the county town, have a drink, and cross my sword over my knees.

Eat meat with the sea and drink with Hou Ying in a big bowl. -"Chivalrous Man"

Hou Ying's gift to Wei Gongzi is to let the whole world see what Wei Gongzi can do in order to seek a scholar, which greatly improves Wei Gongzi's reputation.

Mao Gong and Gong Xue hid in the street and didn't want to make friends with dignitaries. Wei Gongzi wanted to visit, but they hid him. Wei Gongzi then concealed his identity and took the initiative to make friends. If you think about it, you will know that if you want to be friends with these two people, you can only pretend to be close to them, which other sons are unwilling and unable to do.

For example, when I heard that Wei Gongzi was traveling with Mao Gong, I immediately thought that Wei Gongzi was an unruly person. In Ping Yuanjun's eyes, gamblers and people who buy wine are humble, and neither Wei Gongzi nor them are made by Gongzi.

Wei Gongzi's "corporal" makes his family's loyalty far higher than that of other childe.

When Wei Gongzi couldn't figure out a plan to save Zhao and planned to live and die with Zhao * * *, none of his public servants abandoned him to drag out an ignoble existence, and Hou Ying was even more grateful to him.

Hou ying

When Meng Changjun was deposed as Prime Minister by the King of Qi, all his 3,000 guests left except Feng Xiang.

In Meng Changjun, he and the public have their own needs. When he had nothing the public wanted here, the public abandoned him.

Wei Gongzi is not. He took the initiative to make friends with talented people. He sincerely believes that talented people should be respected and loved aimlessly. Otherwise, with Hou Ying's wisdom, how could he not see it? If he really has ulterior motives to make friends, I believe a noble person like Hou Ying will not associate with him.

The public can feel real respect from him, so they are willing to give their lives for him.

Wei Gongzi's corporal also makes his public guest quality far higher than other Gongzi. Not to mention Hou Ying, who planned "stealing symbols to save Zhao" for the childe, and such a wise man as Mao Gonghe. Only the person who can find out the secret of Prince Zhao Can can make Wang Wei afraid, not to mention that there can only be one such person.

Compared with taxi drivers in Meng Changjun, the quality of taxi drivers is high or low, and the grade of grandson is also high or low.

Wei Gongzi's kindness, gentleness and flexibility are the basis of his fame. True benevolence is great, Corporal Renneng is even greater! How rare it is that Wei Gongzi has both "benevolence" and "body"

When Wei Gongzi was around, other governors, including Qin Dou, did not dare to send more troops to Wei. It was not until Wei Gongzi's death that they began to attack Wei.

But for Meng Changjun, he also has more than 3,000 tourists. Zhao Haoqi of Qin not only dared to imprison him, but also wanted to kill him. But for Meng Changjun, he also has more than 3,000 tourists. Zhao Haoqi of Qin not only dared to imprison him, but also wanted to kill him.

The reason is not only that Wei Gongzi is virtuous, but also that Wei Gongzi is a chivalrous man. This kind of people, governors are willing to get along with them, and Wei Gongzi has unparalleled appeal.

As the son of the Warring States period, he called a thief to take off the Qin Dynasty, and he stole a symbol to kill and save Zhao. As a theft, Meng Changjun is for himself, and Xinlingjun is for him; Meng Changjun pursues profit, but he thinks Ling Jun pursues justice.

People often put the words "chivalry" and "righteousness" together, and they are closely related and difficult to separate. The ancients expressed their meaning with words, chivalry is chivalry, and righteousness is righteousness. They are different, but inseparable.

"Chivalry" in chivalry refers to the character, temperament or behavior of being brave, willing to sacrifice oneself and helping others. In other words, people who can give up their own interests to help others are called chivalrous.

Justice means proper morality, behavior or truth. Which is what we often call justice. Righteousness is the right way based on virtue!

Wei Gongzi is such a chivalrous man.

Judging from "stealing symbols to save Zhao", Wei Gongzi has no obligation to save. He could choose to wait and see Wei, but he didn't. Because in his cognition, Zhao asked him for help, and the fault really lies in Qin, who can attack Zhao and other countries. So, he must go to save lives, even if there is no chance, and Zhao * * * is life and death.

It is an act of harming others and not benefiting oneself that Wei Gongzi stole the symbol to save Zhao. He offended Wang Wei and made Wei lose a general. But saving Zhao and destroying Qin is beneficial to Zhao and the world.

Wei Wuji, who believes in Ling Junjiao, is full of "benevolence and righteousness", which is both flexible and rigid. We need such people at all times. Therefore, the whole world praised him as a "westward journey", and Sima Qian respectfully called him a "son".