Please write an environmental inspection diary, urgent, urgent, urgent, urgent!

Environmental Investigation Diary 4 Previous articleNext article Published by: Fudan University | Published time: 2008-09-10 19:26 Day 4: Overcast on August 6, 2008 Location: Xuangang People near a certain coal mine: Da Fen, Boss Shi, Xiao Fan, Brother Mao, and me. The cause of the incident: Investigation into the actual incident: Because I listened to the sound of coal being pulled all night long, I was still in a daze after getting up, and saw everyone They were all in high spirits, especially Xiaofan, who was wearing military training uniforms and enhanced gloves, and his face was glowing with the red glow of having had enough wine and food. Before I could return to reality, Dad Fan’s driver took me to a certain village. We all got off the bus and stood at the entrance of the mountain. Before we could turn around and say goodbye, the driver's uncle moved out of the way. I looked blankly at the mountain road that was disappearing and appearing, thinking about the thrill of Xiaofan and Brother Cat hanging on the mountain yesterday, and measuring the danger of today's trip. Finally arrived at the target mountain, the road was a little bumpy. For the sake of safety, I took the love stone I found the day before and followed everyone on my hands and knees. In front of me was Boss Shi. Boss Shi seemed to be in trouble because the other three had disappeared from my sight. By the time I stood in front of the first quadrat out of breath, Brother Cat had already started catching grasshoppers happily. Under the pioneering influence of Brother Mao, we began the measurement work of the quadrat. Looking at the half-dead plants growing on the ground, I wondered for a moment: Can it be measured here? Suddenly a voice appeared from behind. Although I was startled, I still got the answer. The big fan classmate who just disappeared said scientifically: This is a grass with extremely poor vitality! Indeed, they are all dead. We are very familiar with this series of work: pulling out plots, driving away, randomly sampling, collecting plants, catching grasshoppers, and recording. We quickly completed the same work as we did yesterday and then hit the road. The road was more difficult to walk, probably to avoid the common roads taken by farmers, we took cheat sheets along the way. In fact, I just didn’t walk, I just grabbed the grass and climbed up. Brother Cat followed Dafan and went up. Xiaofan was rescued and went up smoothly. I was a little depressed, looking up at Brother Cat and Big Fan, and with the help of their sticks, I was pulled up. Just when I turned back to look for Boss Shi, he was gone. I was terrified, because the boss had always followed the trio silently, but this time... As I was thinking about it, a familiar white hat floated before my eyes, it was Boss Shi! It turned out that the boss found another way and walked up in an upright manner. Yes, the road led by big fans is indeed very good. If during the Anti-Japanese War, big fans would be fully qualified to fulfill the glorious mission of leading the way for the Japanese. I patted the soil on my body, and when I was about to settle down here to measure, I found that everyone had already climbed up another soil slope. I suddenly realized that the two measurement points need to be 500 meters apart. It was still the same road. I followed them resignedly and got covered in dirt again. I simply didn't bother to take pictures anymore and continued climbing. Suddenly I found that Boss Shi was no longer visible among the three people in front of me. I knew that Boss Shi had completely parted ways with them because they chose the right path. I searched for Boss Shi's slightly heavier figure, and unexpectedly discovered that Boss Shi's alternative approach was extremely quick and convenient. Boss Shi appeared two or three hills away from us, dressed in white and standing alone. I regret that I didn't follow Mr. Shi on Yangguan Road, but I chose to climb the single-plank bridge here instead. Just when I was feeling sorry for myself, we came to the second measurement point. Repeating the same division of labor and tasks as the first time, we completed the work within ten minutes. The strange thing is that no birds have been heard here, and there are only common moths and grasshoppers in the grass in front of me. Thinking about it, it seems that the ecological situation is the worst among our three mountains. The weather conditions have remained unchanged and are similar to those of the previous few days, but animal activity has significantly decreased. Hit the road and head to the third sampling point. In fact, we spent most of our time on the road, and the measurement was very fast. Amid everyone's exclamations, Mr. Shi took the lead to reach the top. Everyone complimented Mr. Shi, saying that he had great qinggong and gave him a nickname: "Floating on the Grass". On the way we saw a mule grazing. I also seriously thought about whether to count it as one of the animals we inspected. Later, Brother Cat kindly reminded me: We only inspect wild insects. This mule was put by farmers into the mountains to graze. On the top of the mountain, the scenery was nice, so after everyone finished drawing the plots, they were ready to rest for a while before working.

Everyone sat together and began to point out the country, except me. Unfortunately, I discovered that about 300 meters further on, there was a field of buttery sunflowers. I have coveted it for a long time, but I couldn't get close to it because of the harassment of bees. When I returned angrily, everyone was still talking loudly, as if they were talking about returning the pearl, but I didn’t hear clearly. Looking at the horse manure at my feet, I was speechless. When everyone is tired of talking, the work begins. It was less than eight o'clock, and amid the cries of "a moth" and "a grasshopper" one after another, the measurement of our third point began... The result of the matter: the inspection was successfully completed, but on the way home, we Lost, Mr. Shi was the most fascinated.

Sanjiangyuan Investigation Diary No. 10 (June 11): Continuing Faith, Continuing Spirit, Continuing Culture - Xinzhai Mani Stone

The most famous in Yushu County Among the cultural attractions are the Three Jiegu Temples, Xinzhai Mani Stone and Princess Wencheng Temple.

After breakfast, we came to visit Jiegu Temple located on Dongjiegu Mountain in Yushu Jiegu Town. Jiegu Temple is called "Jiegu Dunzhurang" in Tibetan, which means "Jiegu Yichengzhou" and is the main temple of the Sakya Sect in Qinghai Province. Lecture Hall, Jokhang Hall, Maitreya Hall, Jiana and Wenbao Living Buddha Hall all have their own characteristics. Jiegu Temple is located on the hillside to the north of Jiegu Town. It is famous in Tibetan areas of my country for its magnificent architecture, numerous monks, rich cultural relics, and many eminent monks and disciples. The entire temple is built according to the mountains, with halls and monks' houses scattered in an orderly manner, towering high on the hills. In Yushu County, you can see temples from the past. From the temples, you can see the changing city below. The temples and the city complement each other. The city decorates the scenery of the temple, and the temple decorates the dream of the city. Although this is a very prestigious monastery, its surrounding environment is really not flattering. The residences of the lamas are mixed with the residences of the common people. The roads entering the monastery are also very congested and there are no sanitation facilities.

There is a majestic temple on the mountain, and there are continuous Mani stones at the foot of the mountain. The Mani Stone Pile at Jiegu Temple is famous all over the world. In his later years, the first Jianana Living Buddha settled in Xinzhai Village in the east of Zhendong and built Mani Stones here, which are known as "Jianama Mani Stones" and "Xinzhai Mani Stones". . As time goes by, the piles of Mani stones here are getting bigger and bigger. More than 2.6 billion Mani stones have been accumulated in more than 200 years. The stone pile is completed, which can be called "the largest Mani pile in the world" and has become an outstanding representative of Tibetan religious culture. 2.6 billion yuan means 2.6 billion people. Over the past 200 years, people have come to worship this sacred place. The blessings and prayers written on the stones have also been written into history. And it is increasing at a rate of 2,000 yuan every day, reaching nearly 10 million yuan a year. With the rapid development of Yushu tourism, this record will continue to be broken.

What the Mani Stone Pile shows us is a continuous culture, a living culture that not only comes from the past but also rushes towards the future, carrying continuous beliefs and beliefs. Life. Tibetan compatriots use this way of life and religious belief to convey the message of life and civilization.

After leaving Jiegu Temple, our next stop is Longbaotan Nature Reserve. It is located about 80 kilometers southwest of Jiegu Town, the capital of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. This is a narrow ravine area about 10 kilometers long and 3 kilometers wide. On both sides of the valley are towering, confronting, rolling mushroom-shaped mountains. Between the two mountains is a vast, flat swamp meadow. The natural environment is peaceful and elegant. Longbaotan, with an altitude of more than 4,200 meters, has a cold climate, humid habitat, abundant rainfall, winding streams, and swamps everywhere. It is a typical swamp meadow and alpine meadow area.

In the middle of the beach, numerous small springs, winding streams, and dotted marshes cut the grassy beach into numerous large and small sandbars and isolated "islands", so wild animals cannot approach. A variety of lush aquatic plants grow on the island, and there are many amphibians, reptiles, and small molluscs in the marshes and streams around the island. The unique natural conditions and ecological environment create good conditions for the habitat and reproduction of birds. Every spring and summer, black-necked cranes fly here from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to breed their offspring.

Although this is a national nature reserve, the facilities and management are very backward, especially the facilities and equipment are lacking, and there are no obvious boundary markers. Groups of black-necked cranes can be seen through high-powered telescopes, but groups of yaks can also be seen. Since there are no guardrails and other facilities, and the ecological environment is relatively good, but the local people have too many cattle and sheep, these cattle and sheep often penetrate into the core area of ??the reserve, encroaching on the habitat of the black-necked crane.

Compared with Guoluo, Yushu's tourism resources are smaller in scale, but the cultural components are more abundant, the altitude is lowered, and the comfort is improved.

Xinjiang Energy and Environment Investigation Diary

9.24 Diary

This afternoon, I traveled from the foggy Beijing to the sunny and vast Gobi Xinjiang.

In the taxi from the airport to the Xinjiang Nature Conservation Fund office today, I actually met two people from the Karamay Petroleum Bureau. They go to various cities in the mainland to recruit graduates. I can feel the oil industry from their conversations. The booming development of the industry.

In the office of the Xinjiang Nature Conservation Fund, I received a warm reception from Wu Chen and Cheng Ying. Wang Peng, who is from CNOOC and will also attend this meeting and do some inspections with me, specially comes from Chengdu brought several strong Sichuan snacks (couple lung slices, chicken hearts, rabbit meat), and Wu Chen brought porridge. The first meal in Xinjiang was quite heartwarming.

From what Wu Chen said, unification is still higher than development in Xinjiang, so many people are relatively conservative in their thinking. Taking him as an example, before our last inspection, he did not think of paying attention to the oil field. Although energy development in Xinjiang is already in full swing. He believes that most departments in Xinjiang would not think of paying attention to anything beyond their scope of authority. Let’s look at this later in life.

According to the recommendation of the Xinjiang Nature Conservation Fund, we plan to meet with Mr. Ma Ming from the Xinjiang Institute of Geography and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences on the morning of the 25th to learn about the geological conditions of Xinjiang and the impact of oil development on local animals in Xinjiang, and then meet Teacher Li Weidong from the Environmental Education Center of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region Environmental Protection Bureau learned about the current technical process status and environmental protection investment of the oil field through the oil field environmental protection acceptance project he has done. In the evening, we went to see Wu Wenming from the Sinopec Northwest Exploration and Design Institute. He is a logging engineer at the design institute, and asked him to help introduce some friends from the Tahe Oil Field, because according to the preliminary plan, we planned to choose the Tahe Oil Field in Luntai County as the site. One of the main focuses of this inspection was to stay there for two or three days, hoping to gain a relatively comprehensive understanding of all aspects of a large oil field in Xinjiang.

9.25 Diary

This morning I went to see Teacher Ma Ming with Wang Peng and Cheng Ying. Teacher Ma is now mainly doing research on hunting falcons, studying the species changes of this raptor in the past ten years from an ecological perspective. The Xinjiang Falcon's habitat is mainly the Junggar Basin and other areas in northern Xinjiang, which are also where oil and gas reservoirs are located. Because Teacher Ma has done a lot of research on the geology and geography of these areas. Falcons are sought after by nobles and wealthy people in Arab countries, so poaching is very serious. A good hunting falcon can fetch $100,000 in the Arab world. With the rise in oil prices and the increase in petrodollars in Arab countries, this phenomenon of poaching in the areas around the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang has been repeatedly banned. Due to the prohibition by China Customs, this behavior has become more hidden and difficult to count.

After listening to our questions, Teacher Ma talked about the impact of environmental changes on falcons from the perspective of oil development:

First, these areas are oil ( Flame Mountain) and an important coal storage base, toxic substances from oil development are discarded and eaten by the falcon's prey such as rats and birds, which will poison the raptor along the food chain.

Secondly, in oil cities such as Karamay, birds are often immersed in oil pools at oil well sites. Not only do they drink poisonous water, but their feathers stained with oil can no longer fly.

Thirdly, due to overgrazing in these areas, the range and intensity of livestock activities have increased, resulting in the degradation of pastures and the shrinking of the living areas for some poultry. Moreover, the Han people will dig out poultry eggs, but the Uighurs will have a stronger awareness of protecting wild animals, and they do not eat poultry eggs and wild birds.

Fourth, northern Xinjiang has relatively sufficient water resources. In several years of research, no obvious changes in groundwater levels have been felt.

Fifth, during the research, I felt that the primary goal of local governments is to develop the economy, and their awareness of protecting these wild animals is very weak. It has happened that rich people in Arab countries can get local governments to pay some money. Government help with falcon hunting.

The next morning I visited Mr. Li Weidong. He is a staff member of the Xinjiang Environmental Education Center and has done many environmental analysis and evaluation projects in oil fields.

In his view, the main energy strategy currently being implemented in Xinjiang is energy substitution, that is, replacing coal with less polluting oil and natural gas as energy for residents' daily lives. But he believes that these fossil energies are non-renewable, and the demand for these energies in the mainland is huge. After several years of exploitation, they have finally entered the depletion stage. Moreover, a period of life that adapts to the use of these energies will lead to energy dependence.

Therefore, he suggested that in areas where the ecosystem can accept and self-renew, farmers and herdsmen at the village level can be allowed to use fuelwood, but the environmental renewal ability and capacity must be examined. These are ecological System updates are needed, otherwise it is a waste. Although some areas are now beginning to use wind and solar energy, it is still difficult to promote them due to regional and high-cost restrictions.

As for what we can focus on, he suggested that we think from a more macro and strategic perspective. What is the government’s energy strategy in Xinjiang? From what relevant angles can we conduct research and what kind of suggestions can be given?

For the Tahe Oilfield we decided to select, he specifically suggested that I should pay attention to the following aspects from an environmental perspective: First, the groundwater separated by oil extraction is seriously mineralized and polluted, and it can only be Injection back into the ground, but after reinjection, if this water is injected relatively shallowly, it will pollute the groundwater. Second, due to upstream oil extraction, chemical industry and other industrial and domestic sewage, the pollution problem of the Tarim River cannot be ignored. The large amount of water used in the upper reaches also caused the water level in the middle and lower reaches to drop and the poplar trees to die. This is also the reason why the water level in Lop Nur slowly dropped and eventually dried up over decades.

However, he also mentioned that in the process of oil extraction, the general principle is to recharge water from which layer to which layer it emerges. The average oil well is thousands of meters deep, so the water returned Whether the irrigation water affects groundwater quality and which layer of groundwater quality is affected remains to be studied.

In the afternoon, I met Wang Xiuling, a teacher who studies northern salamanders at Xinjiang Normal University. She started researching it in 1989, which started with a northern salamander brought back from Wenquan County by her students. There are now about 3,000 in the wild. This year, because its habitat received less water supply from the snow-capped mountains, its habitat area decreased. It lives in very clean streams at an altitude of 2,000 to 3,000 meters. It has high requirements for the environment and is a national first-class protected animal. The biggest impact on this species now is due to the large increase in livestock numbers near the five habitats (one ravine increased from three households in the 1990s to 19 households and 6,000 livestock), resulting in the local As the activity intensifies, it is easy for livestock to step on the rocks where the northern salamanders are hiding and trample them to death. Moreover, according to surveys, there is a large graphite mine near the habitat. Once this mine is mined, due to its obvious strong impact on the environment that can be expected (but the current government’s attitude towards this mine is to permanently prohibit mining), this species habitat will cease to exist.

However, she believes that in the past ten years of research, the annual snowfall in the area has obviously changed significantly. Generally speaking, the water quality of lakes and streams near the habitat has not changed significantly. change. This is due to the fact that there are no large industrial projects in Hot Spring County.

At noon on the 26th, I found Teacher Cui Yanhu after the meeting. He is the most prestigious expert in social surveys and ethnic issues in Xinjiang. He has done a lot of research on the distribution of social benefits of Xinjiang’s oil development. He is the project leader commissioned by the Ministry of Civil Affairs to conduct research on ethnic issues and AIDS in Xinjiang. He talked about Xinjiang's oil development from the perspective of ethnic group interest distribution and the environment.

He believes that there are three main ways for local residents to obtain income from oil extraction: resource fees paid by oil companies to the local government, local taxes, and direct local investment by oil companies. There are three main reasons why it is difficult for local residents to enter oil companies. Oil extraction is an industry with relatively high technological content. Local residents have relatively low education levels and are difficult to be qualified for these jobs. The projects of oil companies are all mobile. Oil flows wherever there is, so it is difficult to arrange for local people to be recruited after the project is completed, so they simply don't hire them; oil companies are also reluctant to hire them out of prejudice against local people. However, after many years of oil exploration, local residents still have not enjoyed the benefits brought to them by energy extraction, and even still use fuelwood.

In addition, Teacher Cui also suggested that we include Kuqa in the inspection schedule. He believes that the oil exploration in Kuqa is more representative. Not only are new oil reservoirs constantly being discovered near Kuqa, but also PetroChina and the district government Four companies, including the Construction Corps and Sinopec, plan to invest 20 billion yuan locally to build Kuqa into a large-scale petrochemical base integrating upstream and downstream. This is a key step in economic development for Kuqa and even southern Xinjiang as a whole. But on the other hand, such a large-scale chemical project is constructed in a place with a relatively fragile ecological environment like the Tarim Basin, which can easily cause a devastating blow to the local ecological environment. Kuqa is not very rich in water resources, but it is said that a large underground reservoir was recently discovered under the river bed in the lower reaches of the Weigan River.

9.27 Diary

I arrived in Korla at 4:30 in the morning. I found a hotel in the dark and fell asleep. It was not until 9:30 that I got up and simply washed up, then contacted the CNPC Tarim Oilfield Command Center, the Korla City Investment Promotion Bureau, and the Environmental Protection Bureau.

At the Investment Promotion Bureau, we wanted to know about some petrochemical investment projects. A staff member named Gong received us, introduced Korla’s current industrial development and investment plans, and gave me two books from the library city. The investment brochure contains two large petrochemical investment projects: the dimethylamide production project and the 15,000 tons/year melamine project.

Next, I went to the Business Section of the Environmental Protection Bureau. Section Chief Shao Weidong received me and gave us a brief introduction to the environmental situation of Korla City. The current water source for Ku City comes from an underground water source near the 21st Regiment, 79 kilometers away from Ku City. The water from Kongque River has been used as irrigation water and auxiliary water source. The water quality of the Kongque River belongs to the third category of water bodies. In order to maintain the water quality of the Kongque River, the city of Kuala Lumpur has closed some factories and mines along the coast, including two paper mills. Industrial water consumption in Ku City accounts for 1/3 of the total water consumption. When I asked about the reason why the factories and mines along the coast were closed and the river water could only reach Category 3 water bodies, he explained that it was because there were some industrial factories and mines around Bosten Lake in the upper reaches of the Kongque River. It is source pollution. These are not within the jurisdiction of Ku City, so he cannot provide me with more comprehensive and detailed information. However, he introduced me to the state government’s environmental monitoring station to learn more about the situation. But because the main leaders of the station were either on business trips or attending meetings, we were unable to do so.

After leaving the Environmental Protection Bureau and going to Tazhi, reservoir engineer Li Minghe first introduced us to the exploration and development status and investment plans of the Tarim Oilfield in recent years. He said that the current exploration rate of Tarim Oilfield is only about 11%, which means that most of the blocks in the basin have not yet been explored. In addition, large oil fields of several hundred million tons and large steam fields of tens of billions of cubic meters have been successively discovered in the basin in recent years, which shows the development potential of the Tarim Oilfield! But there have been no big discoveries so far this year. As for the 12 blocks in the Tarim Oilfield announced by PetroChina a few months ago that are open to foreign investment, he revealed that the investment promotion work is in progress, and the French TOTAL has inspected the relevant blocks, and he is working on these projects. The company prepares the relevant geological materials of these blocks for them to carry out preliminary drilling of exploration wells.

Next he took us to the Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Section of Tarim Oilfield. Section Chief Li Yuedong received us and introduced some of the work done by Tarim Oilfield in environmental protection. This includes integrating the concept of environmental protection from top to bottom into the actual work and production of every employee, educating employees on environmental protection, writing relevant environmental protection rules and regulations, strictly conducting environmental assessment work, planning and construction at the same time, Three simultaneous productions. The oilfield also strives to recycle associated gas for power generation or input into the West-East Gas Pipeline Network, which has greatly reduced air pollution in the operating area and achieved good economic benefits. At present, wastewater treatment in oil fields mainly includes three aspects. Oil production wastewater is mainly treated through reinjection into the formation and natural evaporation in evaporation ponds. Oil production wastewater accounts for 60% of the total wastewater. Chemical production wastewater is mainly treated after sewage treatment. It meets the national secondary standard and is used for greening and recycling. Domestic wastewater is discharged into the municipal pipe network system and used for greening after treatment. The oilfield also invested in greening desert roads and building green communities in the operation area (the water source is reclaimed water after treatment of domestic water). Environmental protection investment in oil fields now accounts for 4% of total investment.

In general, I feel that the oil field is indeed attaching great importance to environmental protection, and the rules and regulations in various aspects are relatively sound. The leadership's environmental awareness has also reached a certain level, but the specific implementation needs to be understood on site.

After having lunch with Li Minghe, I returned to the hotel and rested for half an hour. Then I transferred to Luntai and arrived at Luntai at 8:30 in the evening. I found a hotel next to the station and settled down for a simple meal. Then rest and prepare to visit the county government and some communities tomorrow.

9.28 Diary

When I woke up early this morning, the weather in Luntai was so good. By 11 o'clock in the morning, the sun was shining unobstructed like a needle. Come down, no wonder this place can become a desert. Generally speaking, the residents here are much tanner than the mainlanders, so there are fewer beautiful girls on the street. However, Uyghur girls seem to like to dress up, and many young women wear heavier makeup.

Luntai County has about 130,000 long-term residents, of which urban residents account for about half. Before the development of the oil industry, Luntai's main financial revenue came from agriculture, growing cotton, corn, wheat, etc. Now, thanks to the support of the oil industry, Luntai's annual fiscal revenue can reach about 1.2 billion. Among them, taxes from oil fields can account for about 60%. However, due to the recent transfer of more than 40 oil wells to nearby Aksu, fiscal revenue from oil has decreased by about 20%.

In the morning, we first went to the Luntai Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau to learn about Luntai’s environmental protection work and the overall environmental status in recent years. At the Environmental Protection Bureau, we were surprised to find that 6 of the 9 staff members, from the secretary to the supervisory team leader, were Uighurs. It seemed that this was a veritable gathering place for Uighurs (Uighurs accounted for about 80% of the county). We further learned that Uighurs can account for half of the county administrative staff.

At the Environmental Protection Bureau, we learned that there are basically no major environmental problems within the jurisdiction of the Luntai City Environmental Protection Bureau. Since the companies in this county are mainly companies that serve oil fields and companies that carry out oil and gas refining and downstream deep processing, the air quality in the urban area is relatively good all year round. The main tasks of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the Environmental Supervision Brigade are to inspect industrial and mining enterprises and other units and collect pollution fees. For the two industrial parks in Luntai, since investment is directly promoted by the leaders of the municipal party committee, enterprises in the industrial zones enjoy privileges in all aspects. In the first few years of Hongqiao Industrial Park, the Environmental Protection Bureau was not even allowed to enter the industrial park until In recent years, the Environmental Protection Bureau has only begun to take over some of the work of issuing licenses and collecting some pollution fees (mainly because some small businesses use coal as fuel in violation of environmental standards). However, most projects are also "get on the bus first, pay for the ticket later". Relevant environmental impact assessments and other licenses on environmental protection will be issued only after the project is approved, construction is started and production is put into operation.

In the afternoon we went to the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Planning Bureau, and Statistics Bureau to get a general understanding of Luntai’s current social and economic development status and recent plans. Since the Tahe Oilfield began to be developed in 1996, the economy of the Luntai region has also taken off. In recent years, the overall economic strength of Luntai County has been significantly enhanced, and the industrial structure has been continuously optimized. The county's GDP is expected to reach 1.216 billion yuan in 2005, an increase of 1.8 times over 2000, with an average growth rate of 22.9% in the five years. Local fiscal revenue is expected to reach 230 million yuan in 2005, an increase of 94.9% over 2000, and an average growth rate of 14.28% in the five years. Among them, taxes from oil fields can account for about 60%. However, due to the recent transfer of more than 40 oil wells to nearby Aksu, fiscal revenue from oil has decreased by about 20%.

During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the total fixed asset investment in the whole society can be completed at 1.667 billion yuan. In 2005, the investment is expected to be 570 million yuan, an increase of 1.6 times from 219 million yuan in 2000, and an average growth of 21.08% in the five years. . The per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen is expected to reach 4,100 yuan in 2005, an increase of 79.3% from 2,286 yuan in 2000, and an average annual growth of 12.4%.

The number of individual and private enterprises in the county is expected to grow to 169 in 2005, an increase of 2 times from 2000, with an average annual growth of 40% during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period; the registered capital in 2005 is expected to be 419 million yuan, an increase of 2 times from 2000. The annual growth rate is 12.6 times; the number of employees is expected to be 2,455 in 2005, an increase of 1.8 times over 2000; the number of individual industrial and commercial households is expected to grow to 3,691 in 2005, an increase of 20% over 2000.

In addition, Luntai County has established two chemical industrial parks, with more than 50 companies in the zone, mainly oilfield service companies and deep processing companies of downstream petroleum products. The leading industry, mainly petroleum and petrochemicals, has been established and initially reflected the agglomeration effect of the petroleum and petrochemical industries. It has become an important driving force for the industrial economic development of Luntai County. In 2005, the park's industrial added value accounted for 75.8% of the county's industrial added value.

In addition to oil, Luntai County has also accelerated the development of other mineral resources. In addition to technological transformation of the annual coal production capacity of 1.08 million tons, Luntai County has also basically completed the integration of nine coal production capacity transformation enterprises of 90,000 tons. Xinkuang Group is implementing a 1.2 million-ton coal development project in the Yangxia mining area and completing a detailed resource investigation. At the same time, on the investment list of the Luntai County Trade Department, we saw that several other mineral projects are also being invited for investment.

Through interviews, we learned that the lives of ordinary people in Luntai have changed greatly in the past four years, which is also reflected in the per capita income data released in the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan". In 2005, the per capita disposable income of urban residents is expected to reach 7,239 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen is expected to reach 4,100 yuan, an increase of 79.3% over 2000, with an average annual growth of 12.4%; the urban registered unemployment rate is controlled within 3.5%, achieving The goal of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" is to control the urban registered unemployment rate within 4.0%.

Finally, at the County Water Conservancy Bureau, we heard about some serious situations. Luntai is located on the wind-sheltered slope of the Tianshan Mountains. The snow-capped mountains melt water less than the northern slope, and rainfall is very little. Therefore, there are only nine mountain streams and rivers here, and they are all inland rivers. They can only flow to places 30 to 40 kilometers away from the Tarim River. Died in the Gobi. Residential information estimates that the available underground water storage capacity in Luntai is 90 million cubic meters, and the domestic water consumption of urban residents in Luntai is about 1.2 million cubic meters per year. This does not include the amount of groundwater water taken from agricultural wells for agricultural irrigation in rural and pastoral areas, and the annual water consumption in oil fields. The amount of groundwater abstracted is about 2 million cubic meters. It is said that this amount of water will not affect the groundwater level. However, in fact, the groundwater level in Luntai City has dropped by several meters in recent years, and some artesian wells can no longer produce water. The groundwater level in nearby rural areas has also dropped by several meters, and motor-driven wells are being dug deeper.

There are several problems in the utilization of water resources in Luntai:

First, although the Tahe Oilfield is located in Luntai, it is not subject to the control of the county government in many aspects. , for example, in terms of environment, it is under the control of the state government's Oilfield Environmental Supervision Brigade. In terms of water conservancy, the oil field has its own groundwater water intake device, but only pays a water resource utilization fee of a few cents to about 10 cents per ton to the county water conservancy bureau. At present, the depth of groundwater extraction in counties and cities is about 200 meters, and in areas where oil fields are located, the shallow groundwater has a relatively high salinity, so they now generally drill wells to a depth of more than 400 meters. This kind of deep groundwater has strata with shallow water. Due to the isolation on the ground, replenishment is very difficult and usually takes at least hundreds of years. Therefore, extraction is not allowed internationally. However, this kind of extraction in the oil field is also a "get on the bus first, buy the ticket later" and the local government cannot control it.

Second, the same problem also exists in the two industrial parks in Luntai County. Each company drills its own well to extract groundwater. The depth of pumping and water consumption are decided by itself. They only ask the Water Conservancy Bureau for instructions. Please report it to me. The Water Conservancy Bureau will not be able to take care of it if it is over-reported or under-reported. Since the enterprises in the industrial park were introduced through investment promotion by county leaders, they can operate outside the law without interference from local departments in the face of various procedures and regulations.

In other aspects, what we learned is that the average income level of local residents is still relatively low. The salary of county civil servants is about 1,000 yuan per month, and employees of ordinary enterprises in industrial parks only earn about 1,000 yuan per month. I can get four to five hundred yuan. In various villages and towns, agricultural income is generally better than that of Uighurs because Han farmers are willing to use chemical fertilizers and farm more carefully. In the city, people who do small business can generally earn at least more than a thousand yuan a month. The price level in Luntai County is not lower than that in Korla, but the price level in these two cities seems to be higher than that in Urumqi. This also confirms Teacher Cui Yanhu joked: "Wherever Big Brother Oil goes, prices will rise." The housing prices here are not high. Ordinary residential buildings in the urban area cost about 500 to 600 yuan per square meter. The opening prices of some new residential areas are around 1400 to 500 yuan, which is lower than the new residential areas in Korla, which is about 17800 yuan per square meter. It is expected that with the rapid development of the energy industry, housing prices in these two cities will increase.

The sense of smell of Wenzhou people has been keenly extended here. One of the most modern shopping malls in Luntai County is said to be opened by Wenzhou people.