What is the relationship between IT industries?

There are actually three levels of technical IT, including modern computer, network, communication and other information fields: the first level is hardware, which mainly refers to the host computer and network communication equipment used for data storage, processing and transmission; The second layer refers to software, including all kinds of software that can be used to collect, store, retrieve, analyze, apply and evaluate information. Including ERP (enterprise resource planning), CRM (customer relationship management), SCM (supply chain management) and other business management software, as well as WF (workflow) management software to strengthen process management and DW/DM (data warehouse and data mining) to assist analysis. The third layer refers to the application, which refers to the collection, storage, retrieval, analysis, application, evaluation and use of all kinds of information, including the application of ERP, CRM, SCM and other software to directly assist decision-making, and also including the use of other decision-making analysis models or the use of DW/DM and other technical means to further improve the analysis quality and assist decision-makers to make decisions (to emphasize one point, it only assists rather than replaces people's decisions). Some people understand that it combines the first two layers into one, which refers to the storage, processing and transmission of information, while the latter refers to the application of information; Some people combine the last two layers into one, which is divided into hard front and soft back. Usually, the third layer has not been paid enough attention, but in fact, only when information is effectively applied can its value be fully exerted and the goal of informatization be truly realized. Informatization is not an end in itself, but a better means to achieve the goal in the current era background.

From a technical point of view, IT technology can be divided into the following three levels:

-Sensing technology This is the extension and expansion of human sensory organs, and the most obvious example is the bar code reader;

-Communication technology, which is the extension and expansion of human nervous system, undertakes the function of transmitting information;

-Computer technology This is the extension and expansion of the function of the human brain, which undertakes the function of processing information.

There are several concepts that are easily confused:

Data = a record of facts. Last quarter, the sales of series A products in East China was 6.5438+0.2 million.

Information = (information) = data+meaning. Last quarter, the sales of A series products in East China decreased by 25% compared with the same period of last year.

Intelligence = information+understanding and reasoning. For example, is it because the sales units in East China are not good, or the A series products are in recession, or the overall marketing activities of the company are backward and the competitors are vigorously promoting them? Or other reasons.

Wisdom = knowledge selection There may be many action plans to deal with, but which one (strategy) to choose?

There is a multiple loop relationship among data, information, intelligence, knowledge, wisdom, action and management activities. Information technology industry

IT industry generally has the following categories:

Provide basic IT technology: ic research and development, software writing, such as INTEL, MS, etc.

IT technology productization: parts and components manufacturing, such as elitism and popularization.

IT product integration: computer and peripheral manufacturers, such as Lenovo and IBM.

Systematization of IT products: solutions and information systems, such as Huawei and Hewlett-Packard.

Circulation of IT products: channels and sales, such as Digital China.

IT products and services: consulting services and after-sales services, such as Blue Express.

Public opinion support in IT industry: IT media, such as World Planning Information and CCID.

Third-party services in IT industry: various services that need to be matched, such as legal consultation and public relations services.

Training of IT reserve talents: colleges, such as computer specialty.

IT industry cooperation organizations: various associations and gatherings.

Employment situation in it industry

The structure of software talents in China is olive-shaped, that is, there is a serious shortage of high-end software talents including system analysts and project technical supervisors, a serious shortage of low-end talents such as software coding programmers, and a surplus of middle-end talents. For a long time, a situation of "big gap, unbalanced structure and strong demand" has been formed, and the shortage of talents and unreasonable structure coexist.

According to the analysis of the market demand for software talents, what China needs most now is "both soft and hard" talents. As the current subjects of software capability testing, low-level programmers, intermediate software designers, information system supervisors, senior system analysts and information system project management division will also become hot subjects in the testing.