Beekeeping technology

Avoid disorder and add spleen

Beginners often make a mistake in beekeeping, that is, adding spleen and foundation to bees, so that spleen is more than bees. The number of bees on the spleen is rare and zero. This is a big taboo for the development of the group. 1, there are many larvae, but few bees are fed, which leads to malnutrition, and a considerable number of new bees are born with disabilities (crawling bees). Even if you can fly normally, you won't live long. 2. In cool summer, it is difficult for worker bees to fan the wind to drive heat in all fields because of more spleen and fewer bees. Excessive room temperature will shorten the life span of worker bees and affect the heating of larvae (rotten larvae). 3. Spring and summer are not conducive to heat preservation, causing frostbite and easily causing diseases (rotten bursa and middle bursa). More spleen than bees is the fatal wound of beekeeping, and bees may collapse at any time.

Second, avoid random grouping.

For some beekeepers, there are many gluttonous groups, and when they see 4-5 spleens in the box, they flock. It seems that the more boxes, the bigger the career. Disadvantages: 1, which increases the labor intensity of bee people. 2, it is not suitable for bee colony to keep warm and cool down. 3. The development of group potential is slow. 4. Affect economic income. 5, easy to induce diseases.

Avoid opening boxes frequently during the day.

Beginners of beekeeping often like to open boxes and have a look. Often unpacking in hot and cold weather will destroy the effect of temperature balance in the box. The emulsification degree of bee colony is about 35 degrees, and the frequent entry of hot and cold air affects reproduction. Often open the box to disturb the bee colony, if it provokes stealing bees, it will be more difficult to manage.

Four bogey white-headed pupae are nest worms.

Some people in the beekeeping forum think that the white-headed pupa is caused by nest worms. The causes of white-headed pupae are not only nest worms, but also dead pupae caused by shaking honey and careless inspection. There is also a little-known "bee pupa disease". The appearance of various white-headed pupae is as follows: 1. The white-headed pupae are constantly connected, and there is no doubt that they are nest worms. 2, the white-headed pupa is sporadic and sparse, which is caused by human beings. 3, the white-headed pupa is dense, which is caused by bee pupa disease.

Five don't believe in compound migration

Raising kings is an important part of beekeeping. In order to achieve the required number and change kings in time, experienced bees will use insect transfer to breed kings. This compound insect transfer really adds to the picture. So far, there is no scientific evidence to prove that the queen bee cultivated by "the king of multiple insects to breed" is superior to the single insect to breed. I can't find any advantages except the high admission rate. The harm of "multi-insect breeding king" is: 1, which increases unnecessary fatigue. 2. Delayed the date of raising the king. If you don't grasp it well, the quality of queen bee will be even worse. Because of the congenital migration of 2-and 3-day-old larvae, the larvae were picked out the next day and then moved into 1 day-old larvae. After 1 day-old larvae ate royal jelly of 2-day-old and 3-day-old larvae, their developmental physiology was disordered, their growth was accelerated and their release date was shortened. Although the introduction of the king is cumbersome, it has actually become an inferior king.

Six taboos and two kings in the same group

In the actual beekeeping operation, except for a few beekeepers who like to engage in "two kings in the same group", people who really take beekeeping as their profession never engage in such meaningless games. Two queens in the same bee colony don't reproduce as fast as some people, and grow very big. On the contrary, they do more harm than good: 1. Different queens are difficult to be compatible (even sister queens), which leads to worker bees in the bee colony being restless (unable to find the north) and passively foraging and gathering. After a period of time (about two weeks), the worker bees gradually became cold and weak, and let them die slowly. 3. Chinese bees have the characteristics of good bees (usually a few spleens will produce bees). A good queen bee has enough ability to lay eggs above 10 spleen, and it is meaningless to have two queens in the same group.

Seven bogeys: Chinese bees feed substitute feed indiscriminately.

China bees and Italian bees are both bees, but there are still differences. If bees are compared to women, Italian bees are foreign women, generous and careless, taking everything from the net. Because it is rough, there is no need to be temperate and picky in life. All kinds of bean flour, corn flour and alternative feed are in the stomach. China bee is a traditional woman with delicate feelings and exquisite life. If she goes out of line, the consequences will not be serious: 1. Chinese bees generally don't need to be fed, because this "gourmet woman" also has the habit of diligence. She is not willing to use her own reserves at ordinary times, and only opens a warehouse to use food at critical moments, but she never eats more, so as to fill her hunger with food. 2, lack of powder season, in order to breed bees, the owner is pitiful and has to feed. If you want to feed it, you'd better feed it with pure natural pollen. 3. If you really want to feed alternative feed, whether it is soybean powder or sold "nutritional feed", it is best to use half "alternative feed" and half "natural pollen", and then add some "amino acids" and yeast powder and honey water to stir and ferment before feeding. 4. Don't simply feed alternative feed. Because natural pollen contains a variety of trace elements, vitamins and amino acids necessary for the body function of bees, and substitutes such as soybean powder are lacking.

The more closed the eight taboos, the better.

I think the hive is still well ventilated. Chinese bees are animals, but animals need fresh air, and a hot environment can't raise a good group. 1 and above 22 degrees, under the premise of moisturizing, try to open the transom to ventilate the hive, but avoid "through flow". 2. Generally, there is a big gap between the old outdoor box and the homemade miscellaneous wooden box. If you don't open the transom, it's actually equivalent to opening the atmospheric window. Whether it is necessary to open the transom, it is best for bees to decide for themselves. The easiest way is to see bees fanning at the nest mouth, so it's time to open the transom or open the lid. 4, too closed will increase the work of bees, shorten their life, and cause thermal rot.

Nine bogey feed is not disinfected.

Feed of unknown origin must be disinfected before being fed to bees. Most beekeepers boil white sugar, pour it into pollen, stir and ferment it overnight, and then feed it to bees. This is not feasible. First, pollen may contain germs, which may cause various diseases. It can only be killed by boiling for a certain time.

Ten don't shake the honey and sweep the light.

Most bee friends almost shake the honey when they see it, and shake the whole box of honey spleen with one shake. Anyone who shakes honey in this way is usually a weak bee, which is prone to illness and the quality of honey is poor. The harm caused by this move is as follows: (1) Honey spleen has the function of keeping warm and keeping constant temperature. Once the "thermostat" in the box is swept away, it will no longer exist, which is not conducive to bee colony reproduction in any season. (2) Because the worker bees have no food to eat, the hungry worker bees no longer feed the queen bee, which leads to the queen bee's production stop, the bee colony series is forced to be interrupted, and the bee colony is green and yellow, which leads to the gradual decline of the bee colony. (3) The larvae were destroyed, because there was no honey in the nest, and the worker bees were hungry. What do the larvae feed (normally feed 10 or more times per hour). Larvae that can't be fed in time is in great pain, and it's hard to wait until honey water is collected the next day, and the hungry worker bees have a full meal before feeding the dying larvae. The lack of nutrition in raw honey water leads to the rapid decline of worker bees' physique and shortened life span. Young pupae are severely malnourished after feeding, and it is difficult to hatch normally. Even if you are lucky enough to survive or leave home, you will inevitably be partially disabled (crawling bees or missing wings), so don't be too hard on bees and don't be too greedy. If you are greedy, you will lose more.

Eleven avoid bee disease and use drugs indiscriminately.

Good beekeepers seldom suffer from bee disease all the year round. Once the disease occurs, targeted medication will soon be inhibited. There are quite a few bee friends nearby who have good beekeeping skills, but they are still a blind spot in the prevention and control of bee diseases. Taking drugs at the sight of illness, regardless of the cause, does not understand pharmacology, and often confuses rotten seeds (bacterial diseases) with "bursa of fabricius" (viral diseases). Its harm is that the bee disease is getting more and more serious, which eventually leads to the collapse of the whole bee farm and heavy economic losses.