Brief introduction of Lu Xiaoman

Lu Xiaoman, a modern female painter (1903165438+1October 7th-1April 3rd, 965), also known as Xiaomei and Xiaolong. What a famous artist he studied under Liu Haisu, and was absorbed as a professional painter in Shanghai China Painting Academy in his later years. Participated in the first and second national art exhibitions in New China. Lu Xiaoman is good at drama, and once collaborated with Xu Zhimo to create a five-act drama Bian Kungang. She is also familiar with Kunqu Opera, and she can also play Pihuang. Her articles are well written, her knowledge of ancient Chinese is profound, and her rhetoric is solid. He became a famous figure in modern times because of his love and marriage with Xu Zhimo. 1965 died in Shanghai Huadong Hospital on April 3rd at the age of 62.

Chinese name: Lu Xiaoman.

Lu Xiaoman Mbth

Alias: Liu Mei, alias Xiaomei and Xiaolong.

Nationality: China.

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of birth: Shanghai

Date of birth: 1903 1 1.7.

Date of death:1April 3, 965

Occupation: writer, painter, translator

Graduation school: Beijing Sacred Heart School.

Representative works: essays such as "Don't cry for Mo" and "Answer your heart after editing"; Diary "Amy"

Native place: Changzhou, Jiangsu

The life of the character

1903165438+1October 7th, was born in Kongjianong, Shanghai.

1909, I went to Beijing with my mother and lived with my father.

19 10, studying in the primary school attached to Beijing Women's Normal University.

19 18, studying at Beijing sacred heart school. In the same year, Lu Ding specially invited an English female teacher to teach English for her.

1920, he was employed as a part-time diplomatic translator by Gu Weijun, a foreign official of Beiyang government, and gradually became famous in Beijing school society.

1922, he left Sacred Heart School and married Wang Geng.

1924 starred in "Spring Fragrance Noisy Academy", met Xu Zhimo and fell in love with him; Translate the Italian drama Mirage at the end of the year.

1925, fell in love with Xu zhimo at the beginning of the year. In August, I worshipped Liu Haisu as a teacher to learn painting. Divorced with Wang Geng at the end of the year. Lu Xiaoman was only 23 when she divorced.

In August 1926, she got engaged to Xu zhimo; 65438+ 10 married Xu Zhimo.

1926 10 (ninth day of the ninth lunar month) After Lu Xiaoman got married, she left Beijing for the south with Xu Zhimo at the orders of her father-in-law.

1927, shortly after Xu Zhimo and his wife returned to Shanghai from Beijing, they met Weng Wurui.

From 65438 to 0928, Bian Kungang, co-authored with Xu Zhimo, was published in July. In the summer of the same year, I visited the West Lake with Xu Zhimo and Ye Gongchuo.

1929, participated in the preparatory work for the establishment of China Women's Calligraphy and Painting Association; Collect Tagore in May; In June, Weng and others and I visited the West Lake Expo.

193 1 year1month 19, and her husband Xu zhimo died in an air crash. In 65438+February, Lu Xiaoman was invited by Shao to make a preface for Xu Zhimo's last work "Traveling in the Clouds".

1933, Mei Xuan Suo Yu written by Xu Zhimo was edited and published in the sixth issue of the third volume of Times Pictorial. Later, 1947 Lu Xiaoman's Diary of Zhimo included Mei Xuan Suo Yu.

1934 I wrote a preface for Ai Xiaomei for the first time in the 38th issue of The Analects of Confucius.

1936, "Sorrow over Xiao Mei" was published by Liangyou Book Company. In the same year, he joined China Women's Calligraphy and Painting Association.

194 1 held a solo exhibition in Shanghai Daxin company.

1February, 943, published by Guilin Liangyou Fuxing Bookstore, once again prefaced "Sorrow for Xiao Mei".

1947 In March, West Lake by Lu Xiaoman Xu Zhimo (19 18) and Mei Xuan Suo Yu (1926- 1927) and a colorless book by Comrade Mo were published.

1April, 956, under the care of Mayor Chen Yi, he was appointed as a librarian of Shanghai Literature and History Museum. In the same year, he joined the Democratic Party of Peasants and Workers and served as a member of the branch of Xuhui District, Shanghai.

From 65438 to 0958, he became a professional painter in Shanghai China Painting Academy and joined the Shanghai Artists Association.

65438-0959 served as a counselor in the counselor's office of Shanghai Municipal People's Government. In the same year, he was named "March 8th Red Flag Bearer" by the National Artists Association.

1965 died in Shanghai Huadong Hospital on April 3rd.

Personal life

With Wang Geng.

1922, Lu Xiaoman, 19 years old, left school at the request of his parents and married Wang Geng. But in this marriage, she is completely passive. When the excitement of honeymoon gradually subsided, she gradually found herself unhappy. In the third year of marriage, Wang Geng was appointed as the police chief of Harbin, Wang Geng asked Xiaoman to accompany her, and Lu Xiaoman lived in Harbin for some time. However, Lu Xiaoman is not used to living in Harbin. Soon, she separated from Wang Geng, so her feelings for her husband became more indifferent.

Because Wang Geng focused on his work and future, when Lu Xiaoman wanted to play, he said, "I don't have time. Ask Zhimo to play with you. " Wang Geng would never have thought that such treatment would lead to a marital crisis. In this way, Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman played together in the favorable situation recognized by Wang Geng. Get along with each other day and night, and love will grow over time. After Wang Geng was transferred to Harbin police chief, Xu Zhimo had more contact with Xiaoman, and their feelings became deeper and deeper. However, "we met when we shouldn't have met", Lu Xiaoman fell into infinite sadness.

Soon, Lu Xiaoman and Wang Geng had another big fight. Lu Xiaoman was insulted by Wang Geng in front of everyone, claiming that he would never return to the Wangs again. Hearing this, Lu Ding was also very angry and expressed her support for her daughter's action. Finally, he divorced Wang Geng on 1925 and married Xu Zhimo on 1926.

However, her remarriage with Xu Zhimo was under strong pressure from two aspects. One is Lu Xiaoman's mother's opposition, and the other is to sign a divorce agreement with Wang Geng. Wu Manhua was very angry afterwards. At that time, it was quite difficult to accomplish these two things, but Hu Shi finally succeeded. Xu Zhimo's father, Xu Shenru, is a rich gentleman in Shixia Town, Haining County, Zhejiang Province. He thinks that his son's divorce is a big violation, and marrying a married woman is even more insulting. Soon after, Xu Zhimo had to go south in person to discuss his second marriage with his father.

Xu Shenru said that if Xu Zhimo wants to remarry, he must get Zhang Youyi's consent. However, after his wife Zhang Youyi agreed, his father Xu Shenru happily refused. After the intervention of Hu Shi, Liu Haisu and others, Xu Shenru finally reluctantly agreed, and Xu Zhimo also promised his father three conditions.

The witness of the wedding was Liang Qichao, who reprimanded Xu and Lu. Although Liang Qichao's Marriage Speech is famous, it also shows his concern and love for Xu Zhimo to some extent. But it is obvious that Liang Qichao is selfish and unfair to Xu and Lu. Liang Qichao cursed the couple at the wedding, at least the couple was unlucky. Zhao Qingge expressed strong dissatisfaction in his article: In order to win strong support, they invited Liang Qichao and the famous reformist Old Master Q as their witnesses. I want to use the shield against feudal forces. Unexpectedly, Master Liang Qichao was also an authority figure against feudalism. He hypocritically sympathized with Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman, and publicly criticized their anti-feudal behavior in The Wedding Day, which made the couple feel sad for a while and had to bear the criticism unjustly.

With Xu zhimo

After Xu Zhimo's death, even Yu Dafu felt indescribable how sad Lu Xiaoman was at this time. When Lu Xiaoman woke up, he insisted on going to Dangjiazhuang, Shandong Province to pick up Zhimo's body, but his relatives and friends persuaded him to leave. Finally, it was decided to send Xu Zhimo's son Xu Jikai (born in Zhang Youyi) to Shandong to pick it up.

After Xu Zhimo's body was transported back to Shanghai from Jinan, Lu Xiaoman saw the only relic at the scene-a long scroll of landscape painting. This painting was created by Lu Xiaoman in the spring of 193 1, and it is Lu Xiaoman's early masterpiece. More precious is its inscription. Xu Zhimo took this scroll with him and asked someone to add an inscription when he was going to Beijing. There was no martyrdom because the hand roll was placed in the iron reed. Lu Xiaoman looked at this picture and thought about the benefits of Xu Zhimo. Since then, she has cherished this painting.

After Xu Zhimo's death, Lu Xiaoman stopped going out to socialize. She silently endured criticism and accusations from outside. As she said in her elegy to Zhimo: "How many years ago, the dust became a nightmare. After five years of mourning, I will always be in a hurry, and heaven will repeat itself. I want to die because my mother is old; Don't hate talking to anyone. You are worried about getting sick and you are far away from your soul. The world should not last long, and there must be an answer. " She missed Zhimo and devoted herself to sorting out and publishing Xu Zhimo's posthumous works. It has been used for decades, and the ups and downs are complicated. The marriage between Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman is a free union that breaks through feudal shackles. Although they have hurt each other, they also love each other deeply.

With Weng Wurui.

According to "Old News of Chunshen", "Lu Xiaoman is weak. After singing for two days, he relapsed and fainted. Weng Wurui has a skill in massage, which is the direct biography of Ding Fengshan. He gave Lu Xiaoman a massage, which was really a cure. Therefore, there is often a chance of half-solution and half-touch between Weng and Lu. " When Lu Xiaoman massaged her in Weng Wurui, she once asked him, "Wu Rui, your massage is really effective, but you can't stay with me all the time. What if I get sick while you are away? " Weng Wurui thought for a moment and said to Lu Xiaoman, "There is a way, but there is no way to do it. It is not easy to use unless it is absolutely necessary. " Lu Xiaoman even asked what the solution was, and Weng Wurui said, "Smoking opium." Lu Xiaoman heard that this was a bad idea, so he cursed Wu Rui for hurting people. However, I saw Weng Wurui smoking all the time, and it was very tasty. I have been ill for a long time. I can't control it for a while, but I slowly took it. She knows it's a bad habit, but once she is addicted, she can't control herself. She and Weng Wu Rui often sit on the couch in the living room and smoke together.

Although Lu Xiaoman has deep feelings for Xu Zhimo, she cannot do without Weng Wurui and Ah Furong. After Xu Zhimo's death, it was even more difficult for her to give up the bad habit of opium in order to anesthetize herself. To this end, she also spent the night in prison.

It is a fact that Lu Xiaoman lived with Weng Wurui after Xu Zhimo's death. A "resume" written by Lu Xiaoman when he first entered the hospital is kept in the Shanghai China Painting Academy, which reads: I was killed when I was 29 years old, and I have been sick ever since. From 65438 to 0938, she lived with Weng Wurui at the age of 35. Weng Wurui made a mistake in 1955 and suffered from severe lung disease. He still vomits blood, and the medical expenses are very high, which is added to the expenses of a child. I am often ill, so our economy has been in trouble. Although Weng Wurui had a daughter who gave him some money, it was not often. 1956 didn't go out to do anything before. I read books at home and went out after I entered the literature and history museum. In this way, the time and facts became clear, and Lu Xiaoman was strongly criticized by the outside world. Weng Wurui is still infatuated with her. As long as Xiaoman is happy, he can do anything for her.

Although Lu Xiaoman said that she had "only feelings but no love" for Weng Wurui, her feelings for herself were serious and strong, and she was never half-hearted. At that time, many friends disapproved of her relationship with Weng and asked her to sever diplomatic relations with Weng. Hu Shi is the most important one. He proposed to Lu Xiaoman that as long as she severed diplomatic relations with Weng Wurui, he would take full responsibility for everything in the future. Lu Xiaoman politely refused his request. She said to the people at that time: "Although Wu Rui was extremely poor, he always took care of him in every possible way. How can I drive him away for more than 20 years? " Lu Xiaoman and Weng Wurui have lived together for more than 20 years. They have some feelings, but also troubles. Because Weng Wurui didn't abandon his wife, he had to take care of both.

Main work

Literary works

Painting and calligraphy works

Personality assessment

"Lu Xiaoman was Prometheus who shook China's literary and art circles in the 1920s." (Comment by Yu Dafu)

"Lu Xiaoman is a must-see scenery." (Hu Shi comments)

"She is also talking with a pair of eyes, and her eyes are shining. This is the secret of her heart." (Xu Zhimo comments)

Commemoration of future generations

1988, a memorial tomb was built in Suzhou Dongshan Overseas Chinese Cemetery by Lu Xiaoman's cousin Lu Zong, another cousin Lu Zongqi of Lu Xiaoman and his cousin Lu, who had close contacts with Lu Xiaoman in his later years. The tombstone reads "Lu Xiaoman menstruation Memorial Tomb" and a photo of Lu Xiaoman when he was young.