Shang Yang's Classical Chinese Stories

1. Quickly search for anecdotes of Shang Yang, and the ancient prose Shang Yang made a letter.

Original text:

Do both, not cloth. I'm afraid the people won't believe me, but I'll set up a tree at the south gate of the country, and those who have a movable north gate will be rewarded with ten gold. People blame it and dare not migrate. He replied, "Fifty gold for those who can move." There is a person who moves to it and needs to pay 50 gold, making it clear that he will not cheat. Order of death

Translation:

The decree of Shang Yang's political reform has been prepared, but it has not been announced yet. Worried that the people don't believe in themselves, he erected a three-foot-high wood at the south gate of Guodu Market, recruited people who could move the wood to the north gate, and rewarded twelve taels of silver. The people were surprised by this and dared not move. He also said, "Anyone who can move wood will be rewarded with fifty taels of silver." A man who moved wood gave him fifty taels of silver to show that he didn't cheat (the people). Finally, the law was promulgated.

2. Ask for anecdotes about Shang Yang, classical Chinese and its translation, and try to be as brief as possible. The content of a piece of paper is that Shang Yang is a matter of Wei State: Yang Shaoshan studied the name of punishment, and Gong Shucuo is the son of middle age.

Uncle CuO knows his talents, but he doesn't advance. Knowing how to get sick, Wei Huiwang asked the doctor himself and said, "Uncle's illness is like not being taboo. What can we do? " Uncle said, "Sun Yang, the illegitimate child of CuO, is young and talented. I hope the king will listen to him all over the country. "

Wang hey ran way. When the king left, the man said, "If the king doesn't listen to martingale, he will kill it and leave the country without order."

Wang promised to go. Uncle CuO called Xie Yang and said, "Today, the king asked me if I could be a matchmaker, but if I agreed, the king wouldn't let me be a matchmaker.

We put the monarch first and the minister second, because it is said that the king used martingale and should be killed. Wang Xu, I ...

You can leave to see the birds. Yang Yang said, "Peter Wang can't be a minister with your words. Can he kill the minister with your words?" ? "Don't go.

King Hui went and said to his left and right, "Your uncle is very ill and very sad. Isn't it wrong for me to listen to Sun Yang with my country? " When he was young, Gong Sunyang liked the law and worked as a housekeeper under his "xianggong" uncle CuO. Uncle CuO knew his talent and didn't have time to recommend it to Wang Wei.

Just when Uncle Cuo was ill, Wei Huiwang went to see him personally and said, "What should the country do if something happens to your illness?" Uncle CuO replied, "My housekeeper, Gong Sunyang, is young, but he is a wizard. I hope that the king can hand over all the state affairs to him and let him govern. " Wei Huiwang was silent after hearing this.

When Wei Huiwang was ready to leave, Uncle Pincuo withdrew his entourage and said, "If your Majesty doesn't appoint Sun Yang, you must kill him and don't let him go abroad." Wang Wei agreed to his request and left.

Uncle CuO called Gongsun Yang and apologized, saying, "Just now, Your Majesty asked who could be the country's prime minister, and I recommended you. It seems that your majesty will not agree to my suggestion.

Before considering my position, I am loyal to the king, so I suggest that the king will kill you if he doesn't appoint you. Your majesty agreed to my request.

Get out of here, or you will be caught soon. "Sun Yang said," Since your majesty can't hire me as you asked, how could he listen to you and kill me? "Finally didn't leave wei.

After Wang Wei left, he said to his entourage, "Uncle Cuo is very ill. It's really sad Isn't he stupid enough to ask me to hand over all the state affairs to Gong Sunyang? " .

3. The answer to the extracurricular classical Chinese "Shang Yang Lixin" The original decree of Shang Yang's political reform was (1) to take (2), not to send it, for fear that (3) the people would not believe in themselves. That is, (4) erect a three-foot tree at the south gate of Guocheng, raise (5) active people, (6) erect the north gate and give them twelve taels of gold. If the people blame them, they dare not move. Later, he said, "Those who can move will be given fifty gold." First, thousands of people are inconvenienced by the new law in the capital of Qin people. So the prince broke the law. Wei Yang said, "If the law fails, you should commit it from above. Princes and heirs should not be punished. Punish his contribution to his son and punish his teacher, Gong Sunjia. " Tomorrow, the Qin people are anxious to give orders. After ten years of travel, Qin has not forgotten everything, and there are no thieves in the mountains. People are brave in public war and afraid of private war. Move as far as possible to the border. Later, people were afraid to discuss the law. The decree of Shang Yang's political reform has been prepared, but it has not been announced yet. Fearing that the people would not believe it, a 30-foot-high wood was erected at the south gate of Guodu Market, and people who could move the wood to the north gate were recruited and rewarded with 220 taels of silver. People are surprised by this and dare not move it. They also said, "Whoever can move the wood will be rewarded with 1200 pieces of silver." A man moved wood and gave him 1000 silver. Used to show that there is no cheating. Finally, the law was promulgated. One year after the promulgation of the law, Qin people went to Beijing to accuse thousands of people of the inconvenience caused by the new law. At this time, the prince also broke the law. Sun Yang said: "The new law cannot be implemented smoothly because the upper class took the lead in violating it. The prince is the heir to the monarch and cannot be punished. He piously killed his teacher's son and tattooed another teacher as punishment. When the people of Qin heard about it, they all obeyed the law. Ten years after the implementation of the new law, there was a scene of peace in the state of Qin, and the people dared to fight for the country and did not dare to fight privately. At this time, some people who say that the new law is inconvenient will say that the new law is good. Sun Yang said, "These people are unruly and unruly! "Expulsion of all people living in the frontier. After that, ordinary people never dared to discuss the right or wrong of the law. Note (1) has (2) has (3) is afraid of (4) has: so raise (5) move (6) move (7) decide (8) do (9) give (10) the last part of speech.

4. The story of Shang Yang's political reform The first political reform of Shang Yang was in 356 BC, not in 359 BC. On page 185 of Yang Kuan's History of the Warring States, there is such a passage: Shang Yang recorded in the TV series "Daqin Empire" that in the three years of Qin Xiaogong, Wei Yang said that he should be filial to the public and reform the punishment. ....

Gan Long, Du Zhi and so on. However, they argue with each other, but they use the martingale method, and the people suffer. After living for three years, the people will be officials, but they will worship as usual.

Accordingly, it took three years of martingale method and six years to promote Wei Yang to be normal, which was convenient for the people. However, Biography of Historical Records of Shang Jun said: Filial piety' takes Wei Yang as the left daughter and sets the order of reform'.

On this basis, the political reform was ordered after Wei Yang became Chang in six years (356 BC). Compare the two and say yes later.

"The Warring States Policy Qin Ce" said:' Shang Jun ruled Qin, and the law was implemented ... after eighteen years of filial piety, he was ill and couldn't afford it. He wanted to preach to Shang Wang, but he refused to accept it. Han Feizi's Poems also said: the law is filial, the Lord respects security, and the country wants to be rich and strong. Eight years later, it split in Qin.

Wang Xianqian's Xie Ji thinks it is right to remove the word "ten" from "eight". From six years (that is, 356 BC) after Wei Yang's "life was prosperous" to Xiao Gong's death in the twenty-fourth year, the whole year was 19, which happened to be 18. "

Accordingly, Shang Yang's first political reform should be in 356 BC. Shang Yang (stills) In 340 BC, Wei Yang was ordered by Qin Xiaogong to attack Wei. My son Ang was a friend of Wei Yang when he was in Wei State. Wei Yang invited Zi Ang to hold peace talks, and the friendship is beyond doubt. As a result, Wei Yang captured his son Ang alive after the talks, and took the opportunity to break Wei Jun, forcing Wei to return the land he had taken from Hexi in the past.

Wei Huiwang said, "I hate what my uncle said." Therefore, Shang Yang made great contributions and was named Shang Jun in Shang (now Shangzhen, Danfeng County, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province) 15 City.

In 338 BC, he died, and Prince Shang succeeded to the throne, namely King Hui of Qin. Gong Ziqian and others denounced Shang Yang for "rebellion", and Qin Huiwang ordered Shang Yang to be arrested.

Shang Yang fled to the border and wanted to stay in a hostel. The owner of the hostel didn't know that he was a business gentleman, but when he saw that he didn't bring his certificate, he told the business gentleman that it was a crime to stay without a certificate. Shang Yang wanted to go to Wei, but Wei refused him entry because he captured his son Ang alive.

He went back to his feudal businessman and mobilized his troops to resist. As a result, he was defeated and died, and was ordered to dismember his body. Shang Yang's first political reform took place in the sixth year of Qin Xiaogong (356 BC). The main contents of this reform include: (1) promulgating laws and regulations, and formulating leftist law. Shang Yang brought the Canon of Law formulated by Li Kui to the State of Qin for promulgation and implementation.

And changed "law" to "law", and added the method of "sitting together", thus changing the Tenth Five-Year Plan system implemented in Qin Xiangong into a sitting system of mutual supervision and mutual correction. According to Shang Yang's law, there should be "sitting with the Ministry of Pastoral Affairs", that is, one family is guilty and nine families expose it.

No exposure, ten families sit together. The crime of sitting together is very serious.

According to the law formulated by Shang Yang, if beheading does not expose the report, the whistleblower will get the same reward as beheading the enemy's head, and those who harbor the guilty will be the same crime as surrendering to the enemy. The punishment for the crime of defecting to the enemy is beheading, and the whole family is punished with hard labor.

(2) Reward the military, prohibit private fighting, and promulgate the system of 20 th rank for rewarding the military. In order to encourage the Qin people to fight bravely, Shang Yang stipulated that the title should be calculated according to the number of soldiers who seized the enemy's head on the battlefield. Those who cut off the enemy's military leaders will be awarded the rank of knight.

Willing to be an official, appointed as an official, with an annual salary of 50 stone. The promotion of rank is commensurate with the level of beheading.

From level 1 to level 20, the higher the title, the more generous the treatment and privileges. For example, if you are promoted to the tenth level of the Five Heroes, you will be given tax land for 300 families.

The title of more than five heroes enables him to adopt guests in addition to the tax of 600 families for his consumption. If a person with a title breaks the law, it can be mitigated or exempted. "A professional title in the second class or above, a criminal offence, demotion; If he has a title below the first level, he has committed a criminal offence.

"(4) demotion refers to lowering the title, and" already "refers to canceling the title. The official position and treatment depend entirely on military service, so that the old aristocrats in the past, although they were the people of the monarch, could not be knighted if they did not serve in military service.

"Imperial clan can't be a vassal unless it has a theory of military merits", that is, it can't get a title and enjoy privileges by birth. This dealt a severe blow to the power of the old aristocracy.

(3) Emphasis on agriculture and suppression of the end, development of agricultural producer Yang brought the measure of "doing according to one's ability" to Qin State, paying special attention to the agricultural production field in social production. According to Qin's vast territory, vast territory and sparse population, Shang Yang focused on reclaiming wasteland, expanding cultivated land and developing agricultural production.

In his reform, he stipulated: "Those who cultivate and weave in their own industries and gain more millet and silk will be restored;" "Those who are lazy and poor will eventually be rewarded." Benye "is a farming mulberry industry woven by men and women.

"Molly" refers to a handicraft industry and commerce that produces and manages luxury goods, with peculiar skills, tricks and tattoos. Shang Yang is not generally opposed to industry and commerce. In the two chapters of Shang Jun, he called "agriculture, commerce and officials" the "ordinary officials of the country".

"Permanent officials" refers to the normal occupational division inherent in the country. What he opposes is the "lice official" in business, that is, selling gorgeous and fun items, that is, what he calls "beauty" and "goodness", that is, "profit comes last".

"Profit at the end" does not refer to general commerce and handicrafts. In order to develop agricultural production, Shang Yang not only formulated the reward method of "rehabilitation", but also stipulated that there were more than two adult men in a family, all of them had to separate their families and set up accounts, otherwise they had to pay double taxes and labor, so as to consolidate and develop feudal relations of production.

Divide a big family into several small families, and adult men who become registered permanent residents can no longer idle around under the cover of the big family. In order not to be praised as a reward, the householder has to work hard on farming and weaving.

Another measure taken by Shang Yang to develop agricultural production in Qin State was to attract people from the "Three Jin" countries with less land and more people to reclaim land in Qin State. Therefore, he formulated an "attractive" policy. He issued a decree stipulating that people from the Three Jin Dynasties (Korea, Zhao and Wei) came to settle in the State of Qin, all of whom had land and houses, and three generations were exempt from corvee and did not have to take part in the war.

Special concession for reclamation, no tax for 10 years. "Let the old Qin soldiers and newcomers give them some food", let the Qin soldiers fight, and the newcomers farm to solve the food problem, thus solving the problems of Qin Jun and food.

Agriculture is the most important department in ancient society, the source of people's food and clothing, and the foundation of the country.

5. The story of Shang Yang's political reform In the eighth year of Zhou Xianwang (36 BC1), Qin Xiaogong acceded to the throne.

He felt that the state of Qin was oppressed by its strong neighbors abroad, and it was very difficult for the nobles to be bossy inside. He is determined to work hard to change the backward face of the country. In order to seek talents for reform, an order was issued: "Whoever has a good way to make Qin rich and strong, whether local or foreigner, should be appointed as a big official and divide the land."

Soon, a young man named Wei Yang (yāng) was recruited from Wei to Qin. Wei Yang arrived in the State of Qin, and was introduced by a client to know Xiao Gong. Wei Yang told Xiao Gong the theory and methods of his rich country Qiang Bing. He said: "if a country wants to be rich and strong, it must attach importance to agricultural production, so that the people have food, clothing and grass for the army;" It is necessary to train the army well and make it strong in Mazhuang; We should also distinguish between rewards and punishments. We should encourage and reward those farmers who have a lot of crops and are brave and good at fighting, and punish those farmers who have poor production and are afraid of dying in war.

If we can really do this, no country will not be rich and strong. "Xiao Wen listened with relish and even forgot to eat rice.

The two chatted for a few days about state affairs and were very speculative. Finally, Xiao Gong decided to reform the old system and implement the new law proposed by Wei Yang.

As soon as the news spread, all the noble ministers opposed it together. Many ministers advised Xiao Gong to be cautious and not to listen to Wei Yang.

In his mind, Xiao Gong is very much in favor of Wei Yang's proposition. He felt that the state of Qin could not be rich and strong without changing the law, but he was embarrassed to see so many people opposed it, so he called many ministers together and let them debate. A minister named Gan Long spoke first. He said: "The current system was handed down by our ancestors. Officials are comfortable and ordinary people are used to it.

Can't change it! If you change it, it will be chaotic! Other ministers also said that "the new law is nonsense" and "fallacy". "Old laws and old rituals cannot be changed!" Wei Yang rightfully retorted them, saying, "You always talk about ancient laws and old rituals. Can this make the country rich and strong? " Since ancient times, there have been no unchangeable laws and ceremonies. As long as it is good for the country, what's wrong with changing the old laws and rituals? Sticking to the rules can only ruin the country! "From ancient times to the present, Wei Yang cited a large number of facts to illustrate the necessity of political reform and refuted those ministers speechless.

Xiao Gong heard what he said clearly and refuted all the ministers who opposed the political reform. He was very happy and said to Wei Yang, "Teacher Wang is right, the new law must be implemented!" " Since then, he worshipped Wei Yang as the governor of Zuo Shu (the ancient official name), granted him the power to implement the new law, and told him to make a reform plan quickly. He also announced that whoever opposes political reform again will be punished for the crime of Huaihe River.

In this way, those ministers are afraid to answer. Wei Yang soon worked out a reform plan.

Xiao Gong totally agrees. Wei Yang was afraid that the new law had no prestige and the people didn't believe it, so he thought of a way.

He asked someone to erect a 30-foot-long wood at the south gate of the capital, and posted a notice next to it saying, "Who can carry this wood to the north gate and give him twelve ounces of gold?" Soon, the forest was full of people.

Everyone kept whispering in their hearts: this piece of wood weighs at most 100 kilograms, and it is not difficult to carry a few miles. How can you give so much gold? Maybe there's a trap. As a result, no one dared to carry it Seeing that no one was carrying it, Wei Yang raised the reward to fifty gold.

In this way, people are even more confused, and they don't know what medicine this new Zuo Shu is selling. At this moment, I saw a stout man separate from the crowd, stepped forward and said, "I'll try."

Pick up the wood and go. Many spectators followed curiously until they reached the north gate.

I see new ones waiting there. He praised the big fellow and said, "Well, you are a good citizen and you can trust and carry out my orders."

Then he gave him the fifty gold medals he had prepared. The story soon spread, and everyone said, "Mrs. Zuo keeps her word, and his orders are not just words!" " In the 13th year of Zhou Xian (356 BC), a new Decree on Weiyang was issued.

The new law met with great resistance as soon as it was implemented. Those noble royalty can't be an official unless they go out to make meritorious deeds, but they can only enjoy civilian treatment and lose many privileges in the past; After sitting together, you can't do whatever you want.

Therefore, everyone is madly attacking the new law, not to mention Gan Long, the representative of the conservative forces. Encouraged by them, even the prince came out against it.

Wei Yang dismissed Gan Long from office, but the prince is the heir of the monarch, so it is inconvenient to punish him. Wei Yang went to Qin Xiaogong and said to him, "The new law can't be implemented, mainly because there are people at the top who oppose it." Xiao Gong said, "Whoever opposes it will be punished."

Wei Yang said that the prince objected and deliberately broke the law. Filial piety is angry and embarrassed, without words. Wei Yang said: "Of course, the prince cannot be convicted, but if the new law can be violated at will, it will not be implemented in the future."

Xiao Gong asked, "What should I do?" Wei Yang said, "The prince broke the law because his teacher instigated him. They should be punished. " Xiao Gong agreed.

In this way, the prince's teacher, Gongzi, had his nose cut off and Gongsunjia was stabbed in the face. Seeing Xiao Gong and Wei Yang so determined, everyone dared not oppose the new law.

A few years later, Qin became powerful. Because the new law stipulates that those who increase production can be exempted from the labor of one family, the people concentrate on farming and actively cultivate, so that production has been greatly developed and people's lives have been improved; Because the new law stipulates that soldiers who kill the enemy and make meritorious deeds can be promoted, they are all heroic operations.

People are very happy. Seeing that Wei Yang's new law had achieved remarkable results, Xiao Gong promoted him to Daliangzao (the name of a big official at that time).

Send troops to attack Wei. Wei, who used to be strong, has been weak by this time. No match for Qin, even the capital Anyi was captured by Qin Jun.

Wei had to make peace with Qin. Wei Yang returned home in triumph. Subsequently, a new law was further implemented in China. The main contents include: moving the capital from Yongcheng (Yong, now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province) to Xianyang in order to facilitate its development to the Central Plains; Divide the whole country into 3 1 county, the central government directly appoints county magistrates to govern, and incompetent county officials are punished; Abolish the "mining field" system, encourage land reclamation and allow free land sales; Unified measurement.

6. Shang Yang's short story of political reform (as few words as possible) After Xie Yang's short story of political reform proclaimed himself emperor, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei and other countries were afraid of him and came to pay tribute.

Only the western state of Qin didn't come. It turned out that Qin was relatively backward in politics, economy and culture. Countries in the Central Plains called it "Xu Xi", regarded it as a barbaric nation, looked down on it, had little contact with it, and occasionally sent troops to invade its land.

In the eighth year of King Zhou Xian (36 BC1year), Qin Xiaogong acceded to the throne. He felt that the state of Qin was oppressed by its strong neighbors abroad, and it was very difficult for the nobles to be bossy inside. He is determined to work hard to change the backward face of the country.

In order to seek talents for reform, an order was issued: "Whoever has a good way to make Qin rich and strong, whether local or foreigner, should be appointed as a big official and divide the land." Soon, a young man named Wei Yang (yāng) was recruited from Wei to Qin.

Wei Yang, surnamed Gong Sun, was originally a declining aristocrat of Wei State, so everyone called him Wei Yang. Seeing that Wei was too weak to display his talents, he went to Wei, where he made a long-term guest appearance and was not reused.

Just when Wei Yang was depressed, he suddenly heard that Qin Xiaogong was recruiting talents. He decided to leave Wei for Qin. Wei Yang arrived in the State of Qin, and was introduced by a client to know Xiao Gong. Wei Yang told Xiao Gong the theory and methods of his rich country Qiang Bing. He said: "if a country wants to be rich and strong, it must attach importance to agricultural production, so that the people have food, clothing and grass for the army;" It is necessary to train the army well and make it strong in Mazhuang; We should also distinguish between rewards and punishments. We should encourage and reward those farmers who have a lot of crops and are brave and good at fighting, and punish those farmers who have poor production and are afraid of dying in war.

If we can really do this, no country will not be rich and strong. "Xiao Wen listened with relish and even forgot to eat rice.

The two chatted for a few days about state affairs and were very speculative. Finally, Xiao Gong decided to reform the old system and implement the new law proposed by Wei Yang.

As soon as the news spread, all the noble ministers opposed it together. Many ministers advised Xiao Gong to be cautious and not to listen to Wei Yang.

In his mind, Xiao Gong is very much in favor of Wei Yang's proposition. He felt that the state of Qin could not be rich and strong without changing the law, but he was embarrassed to see so many people opposed it, so he called many ministers together and let them debate. A minister named Gan Long spoke first. He said: "The current system was handed down by our ancestors. Officials are comfortable and ordinary people are used to it.

Can't change it! If you change it, it will be chaotic! Other ministers also said that "the new law is nonsense" and "fallacy". "Old laws and old rituals cannot be changed!" Wei Yang rightfully retorted them, saying, "You always talk about ancient laws and old rituals. Can this make the country rich and strong? " Since ancient times, there have been no unchangeable laws and ceremonies. As long as it is good for the country, what's wrong with changing the old laws and rituals? Sticking to the rules can only ruin the country! "From ancient times to the present, Wei Yang cited a large number of facts to illustrate the necessity of political reform and refuted those ministers speechless.

Xiao Gong heard what he said clearly and refuted all the ministers who opposed the political reform. He was very happy and said to Wei Yang, "Teacher Wang is right, the new law must be implemented!" " Since then, he worshipped Wei Yang as the governor of Zuo Shu (the ancient official name), granted him the power to implement the new law, and told him to make a reform plan quickly. He also announced that whoever opposes political reform again will be punished for the crime of Huaihe River.

In this way, those ministers are afraid to answer. Wei Yang soon worked out a reform plan.

Xiao Gong totally agrees. Wei Yang was afraid that the new law had no prestige and the people didn't believe it, so he thought of a way.

He asked someone to erect a 30-foot-long wood at the south gate of the capital, and posted a notice next to it saying, "Who can carry this wood to the north gate and give him twelve ounces of gold?" Soon, the forest was full of people.

Everyone kept whispering in their hearts: this piece of wood weighs at most 100 kilograms, and it is not difficult to carry a few miles. How can you give so much gold? Maybe there's a trap. As a result, no one dared to carry it Seeing that no one was carrying it, Wei Yang raised the reward to fifty gold.

In this way, people are even more confused, and they don't know what medicine this new Zuo Shu is selling. At this moment, I saw a stout man separate from the crowd, stepped forward and said, "I'll try."

Pick up the wood and go. Many spectators followed curiously until they reached the north gate.

I see new ones waiting there. He praised the big fellow and said, "Well, you are a good citizen and you can trust and carry out my orders."

Then he gave him the fifty gold medals he had prepared. The story soon spread, and everyone said, "Mrs. Zuo keeps her word, and his orders are not just words!" " .

7. Classical Chinese translator Yang is and Yang is Wei.

original text

Shaoyang is good at learning the name of punishment, while Wei Xianggong's uncle is a middle-aged son. Uncle CuO knows his talents, but he doesn't advance. Knowing how to get sick, Wei Huiwang asked the doctor himself and said, "Uncle's illness is like not being taboo. What can we do? " Uncle said, "Sun Yang, the illegitimate child of CuO, is young and talented. I hope the king will listen to him all over the country. " Wang hey ran way. When the king left, the man said, "If the king doesn't listen to martingale, he will kill it and leave the country without order." Wang promised to go. Uncle CuO called Xie Yang and said, "Today, the king asked me if I could be a matchmaker, but if I agreed, the king wouldn't let me be a matchmaker. We put the monarch first and the minister second, because it is said that the king used martingale and should be killed. Wang Xu, I ... You can go and see the birds. " Yang Yang said, "He can't take your words as his minister, and can he kill him with your words?" The pawn is not going. King Hui went and said to his left and right, "Your uncle is very ill and very sad. Isn't it wrong for me to listen to Sun Yang with my country? "

To annotate ...

1, martingale: Shang Yang

2. Study on the names of criminals: Jewish law.

3. Nakako: Official name, housekeeper.

4, things: clothing.

5. xian: xian neng.

6, into: recommended.

7. Meeting: Coincidence.

8. Hey: It's the same as "silence".

9. That is, if.

10, Xie: Apologize.

1 1, poultry: same as "catching".

12, paradox: chaos, absurdity.

13, Screen Man: Let the people around you leave.

translate

When he was young, Gong Sunyang liked the law and worked as a housekeeper under Wei. Uncle CuO knew his talent and didn't have time to recommend it to Wang Wei. Just when Uncle Cuo was ill, Wei Huiwang went to see him personally and said, "What should the country do if something happens to your illness?" Uncle CuO replied, "My housekeeper, Gong Sunyang, is young, but he is a wizard. I hope that the king can hand over all the state affairs to him and let him govern. " Wei Huiwang was silent after hearing this. When Wei Huiwang was ready to leave, Uncle Pincuo withdrew his entourage and said, "If your Majesty doesn't appoint Sun Yang, you must kill him and don't let him go abroad." Wang Wei agreed to his request and left. Uncle CuO called Gongsun Yang and apologized, saying, "Just now, Your Majesty asked who could be the country's prime minister, and I recommended you. It seems that your majesty will not agree to my suggestion. Before considering my position, I am loyal to the king, so I suggest that the king will kill you if he doesn't appoint you. Your majesty agreed to my request. Please leave quickly, or you will be caught soon. " Sun Yang said, "Since your Majesty can't hire me as you asked, how could he listen to you and kill me?" Finally did not leave Wei. After Wang Wei left, he said to his entourage, "Uncle Cuo is very ill. It's really sad Isn't he stupid enough to ask me to hand over all the state affairs to Gong Sunyang? "

8. Story content of Limu in Yuanmen: Shang Yang was not sure about the implementation effect of the new law, so he decided to conduct a publicity campaign, resulting in the famous story of Limu in Yuanmen.

Shang Yang set up a three-foot wooden pole at the south gate of Beijing, and ordered that anyone who could take the pole to the north gate would be rewarded with ten gold. -At that time, "gold" meant copper, and ten gold meant ten catties of copper.

How much is ten Jin of copper? Until the Han Dynasty, when your family had ten catties of copper, you were middle class. [ 1]

Things are too simple and the rewards are too rich. On the contrary, the onlookers found it strange that no one started to move. Shang Yang added, "Whoever can get it will get fifty gold!"

This will naturally make people feel like buying lottery tickets: "Even if you make fun of me, I'm just wasting my energy. What if it is true? " So a man took a wooden pole to the north gate and immediately got a reward of fifty gold.

Now, the people of Qin understand that what Shang Yang said is true. So Shang Yang ordered the promulgation of political reform.

9. Shang Yang's anecdote was originally filial to Wei Yang, and he wanted to change the law and feared that the world would discuss himself.

Make ① ② and ③ not cloth. I am afraid that people will not believe me, that is, to set up a tree at the south gate of the country and raise money for people with north gates to move. People blame it and dare not migrate. Later, he said, "50 gold for those who can migrate." If a person moves to it, all landlords will pay 50 gold, making it clear that they will not cheat. ⑧ Order of death.

In the year of the ninth anniversary of the People's Republic of China, at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were thousands of inconveniences. So the prince broke the law. Wei Yang said, "If the law doesn't work, you should commit it from above." It will be 10 Prince Fazi. Prince, your heir is not allowed to be punished. Punish his son Fu Gongzi and his teacher Gong. Tomorrow, everyone in Qin will order 1 1. After ten years' travel, Qin Minda 12 said that there are no thieves in the mountains, and the family gives enough. People brave public war, fear private struggle, and govern villages and towns. Qin Min's first sentence made it inconvenient, and some people came to make it convenient.

Excerpt from Biography of Historical Records and Shang Jun.