What does the resource preparation include?

What does the construction preparation include?

Modern enterprise management theory holds that the focus of enterprise management is production and operation, and the core of production and operation is decision-making. Construction preparation of engineering project is an important part of production and operation management, and it is also a construction decision on the target, resource supply, construction scheme, spatial layout and time arrangement of the proposed project. First, the importance of construction. Capital construction is an important way for people to create material wealth and one of the main pillars of China's national economy. The general procedure of capital construction projects is divided into three stages: planning, design and construction. The construction stage is divided into construction preparation, civil construction, equipment installation and completion acceptance stage. It can be seen that the basic task of construction preparation is to establish the necessary technical and material conditions for the construction of the proposed project, and make overall arrangements for construction forces and construction sites. Construction preparation is also an important basis for construction enterprises to do a good job in target management and carry out technical and economic contracting. At the same time, construction preparation is the fundamental guarantee for the smooth progress of civil construction and equipment installation. Therefore, doing a good job in construction preparation is of great significance for giving full play to the advantages of enterprises, rationally supplying resources, speeding up the construction progress, improving the project quality, reducing the project cost, increasing the economic benefits of enterprises, winning the social reputation of enterprises and realizing the modernization of enterprise management. Practice has proved that whoever pays attention to construction preparation and actively creates all construction conditions for the proposed project will carry out the project smoothly; Anyone who doesn't pay attention to construction preparation will bring trouble and loss to the project construction, and even bring disaster to the project construction, with disastrous consequences. Two. Classification of construction preparation (I) Classification according to the scope of construction preparation of engineering projects According to the different scope of construction preparation of engineering projects, it can be generally divided into three types: comprehensive construction preparation, unit engineering construction condition preparation and division (item) engineering operation condition preparation. All-site construction preparation: it is all kinds of construction preparations for a construction site. Its characteristic is that the purpose and content of its construction preparation work are all for comprehensive construction. It is necessary to create favorable conditions for all-round construction activities, but also to consider the preparation of unit construction conditions. Preparation of construction conditions for unit projects: it is the preparation of construction conditions for buildings or structures. Its characteristic is that the purpose and content of its preliminary work are for the construction of unit projects. It not only makes all preparations before the construction of the unit project, but also makes preparations for the construction of the branch project. Working condition preparation of partial projects: it is the working condition preparation for a partial project or construction in winter and rainy season. (2) According to the different classification of the construction stage of the proposed project, it can generally be divided into two types: construction preparation before commencement and construction preparation before each construction stage. Construction preparation before commencement: it refers to all the construction preparations before the formal commencement of the proposed project. Its purpose is to create the necessary construction conditions for the formal commencement of the proposed project. It may be the preparation of the whole site, or the preparation of the construction conditions of the unit project. Construction preparation before each construction stage: refers to all the construction preparation work after the proposed project starts and before the formal start of each construction stage. Its purpose is to create the necessary construction conditions for the official start of the construction stage. For example, the civil housing construction with mixed structure can generally be divided into underground engineering, main engineering, decoration engineering and roofing engineering. The construction content of each construction stage is different, and the required technical conditions, material conditions, organizational requirements and site layout are also different. Therefore, before the start of each construction stage, the corresponding construction preparations must be made. To sum up, it can be seen that we should not only do a good job of construction preparation before the start of the proposed project, but also do a good job of construction preparation before the start of each construction stage with the progress of the project construction. The construction preparation should be phased and organized, so the construction preparation must be carried out in a planned, step-by-step, phased and phased manner, which should run through the whole production process of the proposed project. Three. Content of construction preparation According to its nature and content, the construction preparation of an engineering project usually includes technical preparation, material preparation, labor organization preparation, construction site preparation and off-site preparation. (1) Technical preparation Technical preparation is the core of construction preparation. Any technical mistakes or hidden dangers may cause personal safety and quality accidents, resulting in huge losses of life, property and economy. So be sure to make technical preparations. The details are as follows: 1. Familiar with and review the construction drawings and related ......

What does the site construction preparation include?

① Three links and one leveling (roads, water, electricity and site leveling); ② Survey control network on construction site; ③ On-site storage and stacking of building materials and components; ④ Construction machines and tools are installed and debugged.

What materials should be prepared for the construction of courses and resource banks?

What materials should be prepared for the construction of courses and resource banks?

Education and teaching resource library should have the following functions:

Can carry out convenient and fast information retrieval; Teachers can add resources by themselves; Complete and scientific resources; You must have certain permission settings; The system maintenance is simple. It mainly includes the following modules

(1) resource management module

The object of operation of the resource management module is all kinds of resources in the resource library, and the security and reliability of the content should be ensured when operating. The functions of this module mainly include:

Resource upload: Online teachers and educators can upload single or multiple resources. Resource download: registered users can download free resources.

Resource audit: the audit administrator is mainly responsible for auditing the resources uploaded by teachers to decide whether to publish the resources.

Resource query: users enter keywords to query corresponding resources according to query conditions.

Resource deletion: Resource auditors or system administrators can delete unqualified and expired resources.

(2) System management module.

The system management module is mainly responsible for the maintenance of the system, ensuring the stability and scalability of the system and supporting concurrent access. Should have the following functions:

Initialization of resource database system: attribute and parameter data warehousing.

Access control: to control the number of users accessing this resource library system, you can use the method of restricting ip or restricting access traffic.

Security control: use firewall and other measures to ensure that the system is not eroded by viruses and attacked by hackers.

(3) User management module

Educational resource database has its specific user groups, and different users should be given their own rights to ensure the security of the system and the quality of resources. Generally, it can include: system administrators, resource auditors, teachers, students and tourists (unregistered users). If there is special need, it can be changed according to the specific situation. Their permissions should be set as follows:

The system administrator should have complete control over the database system, allow him to manage and maintain it by browser through the Internet, master the situation of all users, and have the right to initialize the resource database system and audit registered users.

Resource auditor: according to the authority assigned by the administrator, he is mainly responsible for auditing and managing resources under the corresponding disciplines.

Teachers: mainly responsible for managing the resources of a specific discipline, including browsing, querying, using, uploading and auditing the resources of this discipline.

Student: You can browse, query, upload and download the resources in the information base. Tourist: You can browse, query and upload resources.

What does the organizational preparation before the trial operation of the project include? 1

A good organizational preparation before project operation must meet the objectives of safety, time limit, quality and profit optimization. Here I only take the construction unit as an example to illustrate some organizational preparation contents before the operation of the project, hoping to learn from them:

1, take the pre-planning work as the focus of construction preparation activities to ensure the quality and feasibility of planning. In the planning documents, strategic arrangements should be made for the management objectives such as project construction technology, various resources, operation, finance, safety, quality and construction period to avoid major risks and major management mistakes.

2. The pre-planning documents shall meet the following four requirements:

(1) Determine the project quality objectives and meet other requirements such as customers, laws and regulations.

(2) Determine the applicable construction technology and quality acceptance specifications for key or special processes of the project. And prepare technical documents, including preliminary plans for resources such as management personnel, labor, machinery and equipment, turnover materials and engineering materials.

(3) Determine the quality acceptance inspection plan according to the unit project, divisional project and sectional project, and define the division principle of inspection lot; Identify the important activities needed in the construction, such as material verification, process confirmation and process monitoring, and prepare the test plan; Clarify handover criteria and eligibility criteria.

(4) Determine the required sample of the form for recording. Including inspection and test, process control, supervision requirements, quality acceptance, system operation, etc., which can be supplemented by subsequent construction organization design, construction plan, inspection and test plan and other documents in the preliminary planning.

3. The pre-project operation planning process is organized by the general contractor (the construction unit) and the quality of the plan is checked. The project department is responsible for organizing the planning, and the general contractor is responsible for monitoring the planning process.

4. For the preparation of some basic data required for the preparation of pre-operation planning, it is necessary to clarify the responsible person and time requirements before the planning begins to ensure the authenticity and rationality of the planning.

The above is for reference only, and the preparation format, basis and content description of the pre-planning of the organization and preparation before the project operation are not repeated here. thank you

What do you need to prepare for software testing?

Step 1: Generally speaking, software testing is to understand the requirements specification, design documents, etc. (That is to say, we should know the whole system from architecture to design in detail; In addition, it also includes business, and try to let the product manager or development give you a complete training business).

Step 2: Write the test plan and scheme (depending on the actual situation of the company, not required). Start writing test cases according to all the materials you have learned before, review them after completion, and cover them as comprehensively as possible. (The quality of use cases determines the test results. Think more about some test methods and skills. )

Step 3: Prepare the test environment. Testing in a development environment is not recommended. Prepare a separate test environment. If resources are limited, you can only compromise and test in the development environment.

Step 4: Prepare test data, and try to test the system according to real and effective data, which is more in line with business scenarios.

Part V: Follow the use case.

The above steps are mainly about the preparation of "functional test".

If your test tasks also include compatibility, performance and other tests, then you have to prepare more, and I won't tell you the details.

What does the test plan include?

1. Introduction: purpose, background, scope, definition and reference materials.

2. Test content: list of test functions

3. Test rules: entry criteria, pause/exit criteria, test methods, test means, test points and test tools.

4. Test environment: hardware environment, software environment and specific test environment requirements.

5. Project tasks: test planning, test design, test execution preparation, test execution and test summary.

6. Implementation plan: workload estimation, personnel requirements and arrangements, timetable, other resource requirements and arrangements, and deliverables.

7. Risk management

How to apply for comprehensive utilization of resources? What information do you need to prepare?

Hello! The comprehensive utilization of resources mainly includes: enterprises develop and utilize symbiotic, associated, low-grade and residual mineral resources in the process of mining and processing mineral resources; Enterprises recycle and reasonably use solid waste, waste water (liquid), waste gas, waste heat, residual pressure, residual energy and other resources generated in the production process; Enterprises recycle all kinds of waste materials produced during production and social consumption.

Enterprises that declare comprehensive utilization of resources must meet the following conditions:

1, and the production process, technology or product conforms to the national industrial policy and relevant standards;

2, comprehensive utilization of resources products, projects can be independent accounting profit and loss;

3. The source of raw materials (fuel) used is stable and reliable, the quantity and quality meet the relevant requirements, and the supporting conditions such as water and electricity are implemented.

Identification procedures of enterprises for comprehensive utilization of resources:

Enterprises for comprehensive utilization of resources are identified at provincial and municipal levels. The output of bricks and tiles is below 30 million, and the blocks below 50,000 cubic meters are recognized by the city. Other comprehensive utilization products recognized by the province.

1, anyone who declares a municipal comprehensive utilization enterprise of resources shall submit a written application to the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission; The Municipal Economic and Trade Commission shall, jointly with the State Taxation Bureau and the Local Taxation Bureau, review the application materials; Entrust the quality inspection department to sample the products; Regularly organize relevant departments and experts to evaluate and demonstrate; Finally, the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission, the State Taxation Bureau and the Local Taxation Bureau jointly announced the list of recognized enterprises.

2. Units that declare provincial-level enterprises for comprehensive utilization of resources submit application materials to the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission, and the Municipal Economic and Trade Commission organizes relevant departments and experts to conduct preliminary examination on the application materials, and then report them to the Provincial Economic and Trade Commission; The Provincial Economic and Trade Commission shall, jointly with the Provincial State Taxation Bureau and Local Taxation Bureau, organize to review the application materials, entrust qualified inspection departments to conduct sampling inspection on the products of the declared enterprises, and regularly organize relevant departments and experts to conduct evaluation and appraisal. Finally, according to the conclusion, the Provincial Economic and Trade Commission, the State Taxation Bureau and the Local Taxation Bureau jointly announced the list of recognized enterprises.

3. Written materials required to apply for comprehensive utilization of resources: (1) application report; (2) application confirmation form; (three) the completion acceptance report of comprehensive utilization of resources; (4) production process flow chart; (5) No secondary pollution; (six) the sources of raw materials and market sales of comprehensive utilization products; (7) Product quality inspection report issued by qualified quality inspection department.

The core content of construction preparation work

Construction preparation is an important part of construction management, the premise of organizing construction and the key to successfully completing construction tasks. According to the scale and stage of the construction object, it can be divided into comprehensive engineering construction preparation and unit engineering construction preparation. Full-site construction preparation refers to the overall deployment of large and medium-sized industrial construction projects, large public buildings or civil buildings, including technology, organization, materials, labor and site preparation, which is the basis of all preparatory work. The construction preparation of the unit project is the continuation and concretization of the comprehensive construction preparation, which requires careful preparation, foreseeing various problems that may occur in the construction, and ensuring the balanced, continuous, scientific and reasonable construction of the unit project.

Edit this section to prepare for the whole construction.

(1) The construction unit shall participate in the discussion of the preliminary design and technical design scheme, and organize the preparation of the construction organization design accordingly. This is the central link of construction preparation, and all construction preparations must be carried out according to this.

(2) The construction unit shall sign contracts and relevant agreements with the construction and design units, and clarify the responsibilities and authorities of division of labor and cooperation on the premise of determining the construction period and economic benefits. For a construction project jointly constructed by several construction units, the general contractor and the construction unit shall sign a general contract, and the general contractor and the subcontractors shall sign a subcontract, which shall be the responsibility of the general contractor and the construction unit, and the division of responsibilities between the general contractor and the subcontractors shall be clear and detailed. The construction unit should actively assist the construction and design units to do relevant work, which is also to create conditions for their own construction preparation.

③ Adjust and allocate the construction force. According to the characteristics of engineering tasks, adjust the construction organization and form a new super-large engineering construction organization. The deployment of assembled construction forces should not only meet the requirements of project progress, but also help to improve labor productivity, achieve job matching, man-machine matching and machine matching, and relatively fix construction and labor organization according to the project layout.

④ Construction of production and living bases. The production base includes the construction of precast concrete components, concrete mixing, steel bar processing, wood processing, metal processing, machine repair plant, etc. In the new industrial zone, this work must be carried out in advance, and the processing plants should be planned in a unified way and built by stages. In the construction of the original city, it is necessary to supplement and adjust according to the production capacity of local building structures and accessories, and sign a supply and demand contract. For the living and welfare buildings of the construction team, permanent buildings should be used as much as possible and temporary buildings should be reduced as much as possible.

⑤ Determine the transportation resources and modes of building materials, finished products and semi-finished products, minimize intermediate loading and unloading links, and make full use of the existing local production capacity and transportation power. Local materials account for a large proportion of building materials, so special attention should be paid to arranging their production and transportation. According to the principle of "production, supply, transportation and use", arrange the material stacking site economically and reasonably.

⑥ Connect water, power, diplomatic channels and drainage channels. Water supply, drainage, power supply and heating trunk lines, main roads and flood control works at the construction site. It is necessary to make full use of permanent engineering facilities and build as few temporary pipeline projects as possible. Generally, the construction sequence and progress of all kinds of pipeline projects should be reasonably arranged according to the principle of off-site, indoor and underground first, so as to minimize the repeated excavation of pipeline projects. Special railway lines should be coordinated with warehouses and processing plants.

⑦ Carry out engineering survey, lofting and positioning for the construction area, set up permanent latitude and longitude coordinates and horizontal foundation piles, carry out necessary on-site hydrological and geological investigations, remove on-site construction obstacles and level the site. Earthwork should be comprehensively planned, excavated and filled in a balanced way, and the site should be leveled mechanically at one time to minimize repeated dumping.

Edit the construction preparation of this unit project.

(1) Review the construction drawings, correct the mistakes in the drawings, and solve the problems that do not meet the construction conditions in the drawings. (2) Prepare the construction organization design or construction scheme of single project. (3) Prepare the construction drawing budget and sign the project contract or supplementary contract. (4) Clean up the site within the scope of construction, connect water, electricity and traffic roads, and pay off smoothly. ⑤ Organize materials, finished products and semi-finished products to enter the site to meet the requirements of continuous construction. ⑥ Organize the construction machines and tools to enter the site, and ensure the normal operation after maintenance. ⑦ Arrange grass-roots labor organizations, ensure job matching, and educate workers on technology and safety. Today, after the above preparations are basically completed, the commencement report will be submitted.

Construction preparation must implement the system of unified leadership and division of responsibilities, so that whoever constructs will prepare. The site construction general contractor is responsible for the overall planning and daily management of site preparation; The construction preparation of the unit project shall be organized by the person in charge of the unit project. Construction preparation must have a certain time limit for a project, and full preparation can speed up the construction progress and ......

The preparation stage of work mainly includes two aspects: preparing personal data and what.

There is a limit to the number of words submitted here. From how to do a good job analysis, I hope it will help you. Job analysis is the basis of all other work in human resource management. There are three main purposes: first, to find out the needs of enterprises for human resources and the conditions they can provide; Second, make clear what each post in the enterprise is doing and what working state it is in; Third, make clear what specific requirements these positions have for employees. On the other hand, the information and results of job analysis can be applied to various human resource management practices. Therefore, the value and role of job analysis in human resource management can not be ignored. The main process and methods of the management tool "job analysis" are introduced as follows: First, the information and data needed for job analysis are determined and divided into three categories-job content, job background and employee requirements. (1) Job content refers to what employees actually do at work or what the company needs employees to do. When collecting information about the job content, we must determine what the employees do, the objectives of the work and the tools, equipment and machines used in the process. After sorting out these information and data, when recruiting or arranging work, we should fully communicate with the applicant or the incumbent to achieve the approval of the applicant or the incumbent. Taking the R&D supervisor of special drugs in the technical center of A company as an example, through information analysis, the job content is defined as: responsible for the research and development of special drugs, and responsible for the initial design of products, and there may be the danger of chemical substances invading the country; Requirements: fully explain to the candidates or on-the-job personnel, and cannot avoid the explanation of work risks; Results: If you agree, you will be hired or hired; if you disagree, you will not be hired or changed. (2) Work background refers to the conditions for completing the work and the requirements for employees. This requires a detailed analysis of each location. This contains two meanings: first, the conditions needed to complete the work itself; The second is whether the enterprise can provide supplementary conditions. When analyzing the work background, many enterprises only care about the former and the requirements for employees, but are indifferent to the latter. This has also left a potential hidden danger for human resources work. Taking the boiler worker in the administrative department of Company A as an example, through information analysis, we know the definition of work background: the work needs to be completed under high temperature and noise conditions, and the on-the-job personnel need to have certain physical strength. Supplement to the question: It should be noted that "the company gives 50 yuan high temperature subsidy every month and provides two bottles of drinks every day". Results: It is possible for boiler workers to do their job well. (3) The prerequisites for employees refer to the knowledge, skills, personal characteristics and certificates needed to effectively perform their duties. In the process of information collection, we should focus on knowledge, skills, personal characteristics and the relationship between certificates and job requirements. Taking the performance appraisal supervisor of the human resources department of Company A as an example, through information analysis, the post qualifications are: master's degree, more than two years of performance appraisal experience, and good communication skills. Related questions: The performance appraisal supervisor really needs an experienced master student. Results: Bachelor degree is definitely not employed; Don't hire doctoral students because of blind pursuit of higher education. It is unrealistic and unnecessary to find and collect all the information in the process of factual work analysis. Usually before you decide to collect information, you know how to use it in the future. For example, if Company A wants to set up a marketing department and equip it with corresponding department managers and staff, the human resources department and line managers only need to focus on the qualification requirements of department functions, working conditions and staffing. The second is to determine how to collect information. The information and data needed for job analysis are usually collected by human resources professionals, and must be collected through interviews, observation of post work and the use of designed questionnaires. There are usually three methods, namely, interview, observation and questionnaire survey. Each different method can get different information. (a) Interview is a structured dialogue between job analysts and interviewees. Interviews are usually conducted by human resources professionals together with incumbents and their supervisors. Interviews are often information about work content and work background, that is, the interviewer asks the employees to describe what they do, how they do it, the conditions needed to complete the work and the working status. Of course, the job analysis of the new position is mainly decided by human resources professionals and line managers. (2) Observation method is to judge the possibility, existing problems and site conditions of the incumbent through regular observation. Through observation, the analyst can determine the actual time to complete the task, rather than estimate the time. Analysts are not easily misled by the subjective restrictions of the host and can verify the accuracy of the interview information. ......

What are the basic principles for choosing teaching resources?

The basic basis for choosing teaching methods Teaching methods are the general names of the ways and methods used by teachers and students to achieve common teaching goals and accomplish common teaching tasks in the teaching process. This can be understood from the following three aspects. First of all, it refers to specific teaching methods, which are subordinate to teaching methodology and a level of teaching methodology. Teaching methodology includes four levels: the guiding ideology of teaching methods, basic methods, specific methods and teaching methods. Teaching methods include teachers' teaching methods and students' learning methods, which are the unity of teaching methods and learning methods. The teaching method must be based on learning method, otherwise it will not effectively achieve the expected goal because of lack of pertinence and feasibility. However, because teachers are in a dominant position in the teaching process, teaching methods are in a dominant position in teaching methods and learning methods. Teaching method is different from teaching method, but it is closely related to teaching method. Teaching method is the detail of teaching method, and it is the technology of using various teaching methods. Any teaching method is composed of a series of teaching methods, and these teaching methods can be decomposed into many teaching methods; On the other hand, teaching method is a series of purposeful activities, which can accomplish certain teaching tasks independently. However, teaching methods are only used in teaching methods to serve the teaching tasks to be completed by teaching methods, and they cannot complete a teaching task by themselves. Concepts closely related to teaching methods include teaching mode and teaching means. Teaching mode is a relatively stable teaching method, procedure and strategy system established to complete a certain teaching topic under the guidance of certain teaching ideas. It consists of several teaching methods with fixed procedures. Each teaching mode has its own guiding ideology and unique functions. They have great influence on the application of teaching methods and the development of teaching practice. The most representative teaching modes in modern teaching are the mode of being taught and the mode of finding problems. First, the concept of teaching methods 1. Different definitions of teaching methods at home and abroad Due to different times, social backgrounds and cultural atmosphere, as well as different perspectives and sides of researchers' research, the definition of the concept of "teaching method" by teaching theory researchers at home and abroad in different times is naturally different. 2. The commonality between different definitions of teaching methods (1) Teaching methods should serve the requirements of teaching purposes and teaching tasks. (2) Teaching method is a means for both teachers and students to complete teaching activities together. (3) Teaching method is the behavior system of teachers and students in teaching activities. 3, the connotation of teaching methods [key] Teaching methods are the general name of the behavior patterns adopted by teachers and students in teaching activities to achieve teaching goals and teaching tasks. Intrinsic characteristics of teaching methods: (1) Teaching methods embody specific educational and teaching values and point to the realization of specific teaching goals. (2) Teaching methods are restricted by specific teaching contents. (3) Teaching methods should be influenced and restricted by specific teaching organization forms. Second, the classification of teaching methods The classification of teaching methods is to classify various teaching methods into an internally related system according to certain rules or standards. (1) The classification mode of foreign scholars' teaching methods is 1. Babanski's classification of teaching methods is based on his understanding of human activities. It is considered that teaching activities include three components, namely, the organization of knowledge and information activities, the adjustment of individual activities and the random inspection of the activity process. Teaching is divided into three categories: the first category: "methods of organizing and self-organizing learning activities". The second category: "methods to stimulate learning and form learning motivation". The third category: "methods of checking and self-checking teaching effect". 2. Laska's teaching methods are classified according to the learning theory of neo-behaviorism, namely * * *-response connection theory. (Teaching methods-learning * * *-expected learning results) According to its role in achieving expected learning results, learning * * * can be divided into four types: A, B, C and D, and accordingly can be divided into four basic or ordinary teaching methods. The first method: presentation. The second method: practical method. The third method: discovery method. The fourth method: strengthening method. 3, Weston and Granton's teaching methods are classified according to the communication medium between teachers and students. ......