What are the main components of Yunnan Baiyao?

The main component of Yunnan Baiyao is Notoginseng, also known as Tianqi, which was called "gold never changes" by Li Shizhen, a famous pharmacist in Ming Dynasty. The formula and preparation method of Yunnan Baiyao have never been disclosed. 1955, Miao presented the recipe to the people of China and the Central People's Government, and kept it as the top secret of the people and the Ministry of Health of China. Since then, there have been some books and magazines about the formula and preparation method of Yunnan Baiyao, but the manufacturers claim that "none of them are correct".

The textual research and identification of the original plant of Yunnan Baiyao, as well as the separation and structural identification of its chemical constituents, have been concerned by scientists all over the world and have also been analyzed by various modern analytical methods. The existence of calcium and phosphorus in Yunnan Baiyao was analyzed by emission spectrometer. When analyzed by spectrum, no ultraviolet absorption was observed.

Infrared absorption spectrum shows a similar pattern to kudzu starch, which can be inferred to be the same substance. The TLC analysis also reached the same conclusion, so it is inferred that Yunnan Baiyao may use pueraria starch as excipient. The content of panaxadiol in Yunnan Baiyao was determined by supercritical fluid chromatography.

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Extended data:

I. Origin environment of main components:

The producing areas of Panax notoginseng are very concentrated, with Yunnan accounting for the vast majority. Panax Notoginseng is widely distributed in Yunnan, and it is planted in almost all areas at altitudes of 1.200m and1.700m.. Among them, counties in Wenshan Prefecture are the main producing areas, and counties such as Yanshan, Maguan and Xichou in Wenshan Prefecture have been planting Sanqi for 300 to 400 years, which is known as the "hometown of Sanqi".

The Tropic of Cancer runs through Wenshan Prefecture. The county is 70% subtropical and 30% temperate. The average annual precipitation and sunshine are quite sufficient, and the frost-free period is as long as 270-350 days. This unique light, heat, water and gas conditions endow Wenshan with high-quality Panax notoginseng medicinal materials.

Second, the role category:

1, hemostasis: Yunnan Baiyao can significantly shorten the coagulation time of rabbits and humans, shorten the prothrombin time of rabbits, shorten the bleeding time of rats, and resist the anticoagulant effects of heparin and dicoumarin.

Its coagulation mechanism is to increase the permeability of platelet membrane and cause the release of platelet components, including adenosine and calcium, similar to thrombin-induced platelet reaction. Its hemostatic effect mainly comes from the effective components in drugs, and has nothing to do with its pH and vasoconstriction.

2. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis: Yunnan Baiyao can obviously improve the microvascular circulation disorder caused by dextran, obviously reduce the thrombosis caused by ligation of inferior vena cava in rats, and reduce the weight of thrombus, which is significantly different from the control group. (P & lt0.0 1)

3. Anti-inflammatory: subcutaneous injection of Yunnan Baiyao total saponins has inhibitory effects on adjuvant polyarthritis in rats, paw swelling in rats caused by carrageenan, paw swelling in rats caused by leukocyte chemotactic inflammation model and cotton ball granuloma.

On the one hand, its anti-inflammatory mechanism can inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators histamine and prostaglandin E, and resist joint swelling and capillary permeability caused by them, on the other hand, it can be produced by promoting the secretion of corticosteroids.

4. Increase the myocardial nutritional blood volume: The myocardial nutritional blood volume of mice was measured by the isotope 8bRB, and it was found that Yunnan Baiyao could obviously increase the myocardial nutritional blood volume, and the effect was the strongest after 30 minutes.

5. Increase the immune function of the body: Yunnan Baiyao can significantly increase the radioactivity in the liver gland of mice, that is, increase the phagocytosis of liver and spleen, as determined by radioactive colloid.

6. Anti-cancer: Two saponins I and VI isolated from Yunnan Baiyao showed certain anti-cancer activities in the screening tests of P-388, L-1210+00 and 9KB tissue culture systems.

7. Callus: It can significantly promote the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thus accelerating the growth of blood vessels and promoting wound healing.

References:

/baike.baidu.com/item/%E4% BA% 91%E5% 8d% 97% E7% 99% BD% E8% 8d% AF/51233 #1_/kloc-0. Baidu encyclopedia-Yunnan Baiyao