Decoding Qujiang Template System Qujiang Template System

The well-known Qujiang system consists of Xi 'an Qujiang New District Management Committee and its huge cultural industry cluster. Qujiang Department has built a series of tourism projects of national concern, such as Big Wild Goose Pagoda North Square, Daming Palace National Heritage Park, Datang Furong Garden Scenic Area, Louguantai Island Cultural Exhibition Area, etc., with a series of big plans, big financing and big money.

In 2007, Qujiang New District became the first national cultural industry demonstration zone. Later, some provincial officials came to Xi 'an to "learn from the scriptures". From 2065438 to September 2002, the mainstream media group from French-speaking countries in Africa visited Qujiang New District to inspect Qujiang's development model.

However, with the problems exposed by the project, people's criticism of Qujiang Department is increasing day by day. 20 10 September, People's Daily published "Qujiang Mode in Shaanxi: Is Qujiang Mode Good or Bad", publicly criticizing "Qujiang Mode". A series of questions about Qujiang Department gradually surfaced: What is the nature of Qujiang New District Management Committee? In what way does its cultural industry cluster become bigger and stronger? What is the essence of Qujiang model and the core value of Qujiang system? 1995, Xi 'an Qujiang Tourist Resort was established, and it was renamed Qujiang New District in 2003. Chen Fengyi, a professor at the School of Tourism, Xi International Studies University, has been a senior consultant of Xi Tourism for a long time. He said: "Qujiang New District is an independent plate separated from Yanta District, which is different from the high-tech development zone. The original intention of Xi government is to build a brand-new city reception room by establishing this new district and taking advantage of the potential advantages of local cultural tourism. But this place didn't happen overnight, and many real estate companies that invested in the early stage lost money. This fully shows that you can make money without resources and need a suitable business operation model. "

According to official data, there are many administrative departments in Qujiang New District Management Committee, such as Education and Health Bureau and Tourism Development Bureau, but there are no NPC and CPPCC departments. According to 20 1 1 prospectus of the first phase of Anqujiang Cultural Industry Investment (Group) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the prospectus), "Qujiang New District Management Committee is a public institution directly under the municipal government, with a bureau level." Exercising the municipal administration authority in the area under its jurisdiction, undertaking the responsibilities of examination and approval, planning and site selection, construction management, etc. of construction projects in the area. An official told the media that the Qujiang New District Management Committee is "an agency of the municipal government, which undertakes the establishment and enterprise management". "All departments have granted us local power. We work in a building, one chapter is in charge of one chapter, that is, the chapter of Qujiang Management Committee has replaced all the chapters. "

As the most important strategic operation platform of Qujiang New District Management Committee, Xi 'an Qujiang Cultural Industry Investment (Group) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Quwentou") was incorporated on 1998. As a wholly state-owned company, it is the main body of regional operation and development and the financing platform of Qujiang New District, and has a core position in Qujiang company structure.

According to the 20 12 annual report of Anjiajiang Cultural Tourism Co., Ltd., Qujiang New District Management Committee controls Quwentou through Anjiajiang Cultural Holdings Co., Ltd., and Qujiang New District Management Committee holds 99.83% of the shares of Anjiajiang Cultural Holdings Co., Ltd., while Anjiajiang Cultural Holdings Co., Ltd. holds 0/00% of the shares of Quwentou.

Qujiang New District Management Committee and Qu Wentou completed the integration of politics and business at the management level. According to industrial and commercial data, Ethan, director of Qujiang New District Management Committee, is also the chairman of Quwentou and the legal representative of Xi 'an Qujiang Culture Holding Co., Ltd. ... Qujiang New District and Quwentou are integrated, and huge assets can be directly allocated. According to the prospectus, in 2009, the paid-in capital of Wen Qu's capital reserve increased by 65.438+0.5 billion yuan, which originated from the transfer of 654.38+0.00% equity of Daming Palace Investment Group and Shaanxi Cultural Industry Investment Co., Ltd. to Quwentou by Qujiang New District Management Committee.

An industry insider told Southern Reporter, "Qujiang Company is the government when the situation is unfavorable, and it becomes an enterprise when it is favorable." The most typical case is the golf course incident. 20 12 Qu Wentou illegally built a golf course project in the name of "Weihe City Sports Park" and was exposed. According to national business daily, the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee sent staff to investigate. This incident caused a strong shock in Qujiang Department. It is in this crisis background that Xi 'an Qujiang Culture Holding Co., Ltd. registered and controlled Quwentou on122 October of that year, officially cutting off the political and business integration form between Qujiang New Area Management Committee and Quwentou. According to the industrial and commercial data, on 10/23 October, the nature of Quwentou changed from "state-owned sole proprietorship" to "legal person sole proprietorship".

The golf course planning of Qujiang Department is not uncommon. 20 12 the letter of Shaanxi provincial environmental protection department on the review opinions of the environmental impact report on the master plan of Hancheng fengzhui Sima cultural scenic spot confirmed the business plan of Qujiang department in Hancheng. "New villas, golf courses, racecourses and other projects are prohibited in the planning area, and tourism activities are prohibited in the wetland reserve." Previously, Shaanxi Cultural Industry (Ansai) Investment Co., Ltd., a joint venture between Shaanxi Wentou and Yan 'an, had plans to build a mountain golf driving range.

According to the prospectus, Qu Wentou has a monopoly position in policy, and can "give priority to cultural industry resources, urban construction resources and real estate resources under the same conditions", and "also enjoy certain policy support, such as Qujiang Management Committee's provision of cultural industry support funds, cultural industry venture capital and loan guarantee, which can solve the capital bottleneck faced by cultural groups and their subsidiaries in their development."

Qu Wentou also has a monopoly position in the cultural industry project of Qujiang New District, and this part of the business is entrusted by Qujiang New District Management Committee to undertake Qu Wentou. After nearly 10 years of exploration, the turning point of the rapid development of Qujiang New District appeared in 2002. "At that time, there was a great man Duan Xiannian in Xi High-tech Zone. His' Garden City' is a typical landscape community, which is very beautiful and sells well. Therefore, the Xi Municipal Government directly placed Duan Xiannian in Qujiang New District and started a series of commercial operations, which led to today's extraordinary changes. " Chen Fengyi, a professor at Tourism College of Xi International Studies University, said.

Qujiang is famous for the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. On June 365438+February 3, 20031,the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Qujiang New District was completed and opened, which is the largest matrix eight-level superimposed music fountain in Asia. The Big Wild Goose Pagoda North Square is very successful in tourism, attracting more than 654.38 million citizens to visit on the opening day.

Wang Tianding, dean and professor of the School of Journalism and Communication at Xi 'an International Studies University, believes that "the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda caters to the cultural anxiety of Shaanxi people. In the past, the area around the North Square of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda was a "scar" of the city. However, the acousto-optic modernization of this square has completely cut off the connection between the Big Wild Goose Pagoda and the surrounding communities. People like to go to the North Square of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda. They can only say that they need a fountain square. But whether this square is built next to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a problem. "

Chen Fengyi said: "When the musical fountain was born, it was really shocking. It not only makes people who travel to Xi shine, but also gives citizens a sense of belonging and pride in the city. But at that time, I thought that the space of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda should be shaped according to the space of Buddhist culture. Using very modern methods will destroy this sacred Buddhist space and lose the artistic conception of Zen. I suggest that the water surface can be built, but it is not suitable for the music fountain square. But at that time, Xi was too backward and needed something very shocking and generous. This fashionable packaging concept has the absolute upper hand. "

Next to the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda is the Datang Furong Garden, which opened in 2005. It is the first large-scale royal garden-style cultural theme park in China that fully displays the features of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Chen Fengyi said that Datang Furong Garden has established Qujiang's style of "high starting point, big hand".

"After the completion of the Datang Furong Garden and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda North Square project, the land in Qujiang New District appreciated rapidly. The undeveloped, undeveloped and demolished land in Qujiang has rapidly changed from raw land to cultivated land, and its potential value has become a real business. In my impression, during that time, the land price in Qujiang New District doubled every day. If you don't sign the contract today, the price will change tomorrow. " Chen Fengyi recalled. After the completion of the two major projects, the Qujiang model of "culture+landscape+real estate" gradually took shape. After the rise of Qujiangchi (Nanhu) Heritage Park, it has successfully established the image of Qujiang landscape real estate developer and capital master at home and abroad. "Qujiang mode" is the core mode of cultural tourism management in Qujiang Department.

According to the Outline of Cultural Industry Development in Qujiang New District of Xi City, "cultural tourism occupies a leading and core position in the whole cultural industry system and is the leading and engine of Qujiang cultural industry." "Qujiang Model" has the same basic characteristics in all projects, that is, first, the surrounding areas of famous cultural sites are fenced, then the basic facilities are built, the cultural concepts are hyped, and the surrounding land prices are raised. After the land price appreciates, it will be sold at a high price. The variety of its real estate is cemetery business. (For details, see the article "Application for the Heritage of Xingjiao Temple". ) In the book "Xi 'an Qujiang Model: Cultural Crossing of a City", the specific operation method of "Qujiang Model" is summarized as "reverse order method": "Do the city well first, then let the industry come in, and the capital come in".

"The supporting point of this business model (Qujiang model) is land that can be replaced and produce huge economic benefits. Qujiang New District takes land at a low price by policy, while Wen Qu sells land at a high price. The premise is to have enough land reserves. As a result, enclosure and hoarding became inevitable, and the evil consequence of this demonstration effect was a large-scale enclosure and beautification movement. " Chen Fengyi believes that "(Qujiang model) also has an important core element, that is, the attraction of cultural resources is enough to produce cultural monopoly. Xi does not lack such cultural resources. "

In the enclosure beautification movement of Qujiang Department, the most profitable project of land sale is Daming Palace National Heritage Park, which opened on 20 10. The protection and reconstruction planning area of the whole Daming Palace site area is 19. 16 square kilometers, of which the Daming Palace National Heritage Park covers an area of only 3.2 square kilometers, while the surrounding reconstruction area is 12.74 square kilometers. "Peripheral transformation area" is the real estate business in the formula of "Qujiang model". With the concept of Daming Palace site put forward, the huge plot of 12.74 square kilometers enclosed by Qujiang system has appreciated rapidly. A person close to the top of Qujiang Department told Du Nan that "Qujiang has made a fortune on the Daming Palace project, with billions."

"Qujiang after undertaking this project, put forward the concept of great site protection. Objectively speaking, it is great. Because if the Daming Palace area is built steadily according to this concept, it will be a sample of the transformation of a cultural city, "Chen Fengyi told Du Nan. "This huge project integrating cultural heritage protection, community transformation and future business circle construction is a new concept of urban complex construction, which requires innovative capital operation to succeed. Therefore, Qujiang's business elite has effectively solved this problem through land replacement, that is, you help me build the scenic spot and I will match the land for you. These lands are all prime locations. "

Daming Palace National Heritage Park project is a "gift-giving" project, with a comprehensive construction time of only one year, "to ensure that Daming Palace National Heritage Park will be grandly opened during the 20 10 National Day". A person close to Qujiang Department told Du Nan reporter, "When building Daming Palace Ruins Park, gravel is sometimes filled. Qujiang spends tens of millions on the maintenance of the light park every year. " A reporter from Du Nan saw near the Hanyuan Temple site project in Daming Palace that this project was completed only two years ago, and there were many "scars" on the masonry, and some bricks were tilted up.

The demolition of Xingjiao Temple's "application for World Heritage" exposed Qujiang's business plan to hype the concept of "application for World Heritage". One of the major commercial projects is the Han Chang 'an City Project. The project covers a total area of 75.02 square kilometers, of which the site protection covers a total area of 65 square kilometers, and the remaining plots leave a broad space for Qujiang real estate operation. The starting area of the project is the site of Weiyang Palace in Chang 'an, Han Dynasty, which was declared as the World Cultural Heritage of the Silk Road. On July 20 1 1, a report meeting on the conceptual planning scheme for the protection of Chang' an site in Han Dynasty was held in Qujiang Administrative Committee. It is worth noting that international participants are not well-known experts in cultural relics protection, but people from internationally renowned planning and design companies.

"Qujiang phenomenon" is not accidental, it is an inevitable phenomenon induced by a unique urban hunger. This government-led urban management mechanism is closely related to the community environment of "big government, small society" where we live. Chen Fengyi commented, "We reflect on Qujiang phenomenon because excessive commercial development will harm culture, and Xi 'an is a world-class civilized ancient city with seven series of world-class cultural resources. The reconstruction of cultural landscape should be cautious and take the road of public welfare construction. "In addition to the concept of world cultural heritage, another card played by Qujiang is the concept of religion. The main means is to' kidnap' real temples with fake temples. Among the non-religious scenic spots built by Qujiang Department, Xingjiao Temple Scenic Spot is the most famous, and the most "realistic" one is the Zhao Gongming God of Wealth Cultural Scenic Spot in zhouzhi county, Anzhou City, Xi 'an.

According to the registration certificate of the religious activity place, this Taoist temple named "God of Wealth" is located in Zhaoda Village, Jixian Town, zhouzhi county, and the person in charge is Du Zongzhen. The code is "Zongchang Zhengzi (Shaanxi) D 0 10 130004". The reporter verified from the management committee of Zhao Da Village God of Wealth Temple that Mr. Du is indeed a real God of Wealth Temple and has nothing to do with the God of Wealth Temple scenic spot.

The real God of Wealth Temple is a temple with a small yard. There is a huge ingot-shaped incense burner in the yard, whose official name is "Zhao Gongming Temple". The stone tablet next to it shows that the temple was built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and is the fifth batch of key cultural relics protection units in Shaanxi Province.

The scenic spot is operated by Xi 'an Qujiang Louguandao Cultural Scenic Spot Management Co., Ltd., which is a subsidiary of Qujiang Lv Wen. 60 yuan's face is written with the words "Zhao Gongming Temple of Wealth".

This Zhao Gongming God of Wealth Cultural Scenic Spot, which is packaged as a temple, covers an area of about 53 1 mu, with many antique buildings, and its scale far exceeds that of the God of Wealth Temple. The temple of the god of wealth in the middle of the scenic spot is magnificent, 34 meters high and divided into four floors. The scenic spot is located in Zhaoda Village, one kilometer away from the real God of Wealth Temple. This place is not directly related to life in Zhao Gongming, but the tourist map shows a scenic spot named "Zhao Gongming's Tomb". In fact, this scenic spot was built only two years ago.

A religious veteran in Zhong Nanshan told the Southern Reporter, "There are regulations within the scenic spot company, and employees tell tourists that the temple is built on the original site." The reporter's experience in the scenic spot confirmed the person's words. After passing through the huge archway in the scenic spot, a staff member I met said, "This temple is old and has a long history. Zhao Gongming was born here. " In another place where "Lucky Golden Toad" gold coins are sold, a staff member said, "The old temple used to be here, and this one was rebuilt." In the financial temple in the scenic spot, the third staff member told the Southern Reporter, "The temple was built on the original site."

This place is not a place for religious activities, but there are many merit boxes, including five in the Temple of Wealth and temples on both sides. The reporter didn't find the whereabouts of these donation boxes in official website, a cultural scenic spot of the God of Wealth in Zhao Gongming.

Before Qujiang School, the commercial value of the Temple of Wealth had been noticed. The business contract obtained by the reporter shows that in 2008, Group 4 of Zhaoda Village, Jixian Town, zhouzhi county signed a contract with Zhang Qiang, authorizing Zhang Qiang to exclusively operate Zhao Gongming Temple and Gong Mingling, with a service life of 15 years.

In the spring of 20 10, Qujiang Department began to build the Zhao Gongming God of Wealth Cultural Scenic Spot, which was declared as the God of Wealth Temple. In March and April of that year, someone from Xi 'an Qujiang Cultural Tourism (Group) Co., Ltd. came to contact relevant people in Zhaodacun, and proposed to close the real Temple of the God of Wealth as a museum in the future and put religious activities in the scenic spot. I talked twice, but I got no answer.

A related person recalled that in May 20 12, An Qujiang Cultural Tourism (Group) Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Qu Wentou (in September 20 12, its full name was changed to "Xi An Qujiang Tourism Investment (Group) Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as" Qujiang Tourism Group "), and it was brewing to borrow ST Changxin (Changan Information Industry (Group)). "Later (Qujiang Company) wrote the words" God of Wealth Cultural Zone "on the sign of the scenic spot, and twenty or thirty fake Taoist priests inside were released overnight. They said at the time that this was the cultural scenic spot of the God of Wealth, which was built like a temple but not a temple. " Chang 'an Information Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. was renamed as Xi 'an Qujiang Cultural Tourism Co., Ltd. on September 26th, 20 12. 20 12 On September 28th, Qujiang Lv Wen, as a subsidiary of Qujiang Tourism Group, officially landed in the A-share market. "If we deny the Qujiang model, we will deny the development path of Xi in recent years. "In an interview with Time Weekly on 20 10, an official in Xi 'an quoted another official as saying. "Qujiang model" has not been denied because of doubts, but has been supported by the policy level and continues to radiate outward.

The operating platform for Qujiang Department to export Qujiang Mode is Shaanxi Cultural Industry Investment Holding (Group) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Shaanxi Wentou"). Qujiang Department took Shaanxi Wentou as the core and established a batch of investment companies in Shaanxi Province. According to industrial and commercial data, Shaanxi Wentou has a registered capital of 2.033 billion yuan, engaged in strategic investment and financing and venture capital of major cultural industry projects. The legal representative and chairman of Shaanxi Wentou is Duan Xiannian. Duan Xiannian is also vice mayor of Xi and secretary of the Party Working Committee of Qujiang New District.

The shareholding structure table shows that Shaanxi Wentou owns Qujiang "bloodline". Shaanxi Wentou has four major shareholders. Its controlling shareholder Qu Wentou contributed165438+43 million yuan, holding 65 .58% of the shares, and the holding date was June 22, 2009. Quwentou Holdings is escorting the "Qujiang Model" for Shaanxi Wenbao Insurance.

In order to facilitate the development in the province, Shaanxi Wentou absorbed the capital of Yan 'an and Yulin three months later. On September 22, 2009, Yan 'an Dingyuan Investment Co., Ltd. invested 654.38 billion yuan, accounting for 5.74% of the shares; Yulin City Investment Management Group Co., Ltd. invested 654.38 billion yuan, accounting for 5.74% of the shares.

In order to make Shaanxi Wentou have the lineage of provincial state-owned enterprises, in 2009, Shaanxi Provincial Department of Finance invested 400 million yuan in Shaanxi Wentou. This figure increased to 690 million in 20 12, accounting for 33.94% of the shares. The capital injection of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Finance has made Shaanxi Wentou a department-level unit. A person in charge of Shaanxi Wentou once told reporters, "When we go to various cities, people are at the prefecture level. If this company is not up to standard, can you talk to the mayor? " Can you talk to the mayor about how we develop? No way! "

Qujiang relies on huge loans to run its big money. The listing plans of its many subsidiaries have only been realized by Qujiang Lv Wen. Under the pressure of huge debts, Qujiang Department is constantly looking for new cultural resources and land, but all parts of Shaanxi generally lack the planning and operation ability of Qujiang Department, and the two sides often hit it off. On 20 12, Yulin city executives said that they would "go to Xi' an and other places to inspect the completed projects of Shaanxi Wentou Group and learn advanced concepts while broadening their horizons".

20 10 On June 23rd, Shaanxi Cultural Industry (Hancheng) Investment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Hancheng Wentou") was established. This is a typical clone product of Qujiang system. Hancheng Wentou is a state-owned cultural industry investment enterprise jointly funded by Shaanxi Wentou, hancheng city Municipal Government and six local private enterprises in Hancheng, with a registered capital of 654.38 billion yuan. According to industrial and commercial data, the legal representative and chairman of Hancheng Wentou is Ding Peisheng, a private enterprise in hancheng city. However, the controlling party of Hancheng Wentou is Shaanxi Wentou. Hancheng Wentou is developing the area from hancheng city Ancient City to Sima Qian Temple in Shaanxi Province. (For details, see Hancheng Ancient City: Demolition and Protection? 》)

Other clones of Qujiang include Yan 'an Cultural Industry Investment Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Cultural Industry (Ansai) Investment Co., Ltd. and Yulin Cultural Industry Investment Co., Ltd. ... 2010/At the beginning of the year, Shaanxi Wentou established the spiritual home project team of Huangdi Mausoleum, and it is necessary to combine high-tech elements such as sound and photoelectricity to establish the Huangdi Cultural Experience Zone.

In an article entitled "Introduction to Qujiang" on the official website of Qujiang New District, Qujiang described its expansion to Zhang Zhilu as follows: "Qujiang promoted urban reform with the help of the people and used the opportunity of urban reform to detonate a storm of new urbanization revolution, benefiting millions of people."