Who are people like Job?

I think it will be a lot. I've packed it for you. You can have a look:

Edison:

The story of Edison

Edison only attended primary school for three months in his life, and his knowledge came from his mother's teaching and self-study. His success should be attributed to his mother's understanding and patient teaching since childhood, which made Edison, who was originally considered an imbecile, become a world-famous "king of invention" when he grew up.

Edison was curious about many things since he was a child, and he liked to try it himself until he understood the truth. When he grew up, he devoted himself to research and invention according to his interest in this field. He established a laboratory in New Jersey, and invented the electric light, telegraph, phonograph, film machine, magnetic mineral analyzer, crusher and so on for more than 2000 kinds of things in his life. Edison's strong research spirit made him make great contributions to the improvement of human lifestyle.

"Waste, the biggest waste is wasting time." Edison often said to his assistant. "Life is short, so we should try to do more with less time."

One day, Edison was working in the laboratory. He handed his assistant an empty glass bulb without a lampholder and said, "Measure the capacity of the bulb." He bowed his head to work again.

After a long time, he asked, "What's the capacity?" He didn't hear the answer, turned to see the assistant measuring the circumference and inclination of the light bulb with a soft ruler, and poured the measured figures on the table for calculation. He said, "Time, time, why does it take so much time?" Edison came over, picked up the empty light bulb, filled it with water, handed it to his assistant, and said, "Pour the water into the measuring cup and tell me its capacity at once."

The assistant read out the numbers at once.

Edison said, "How easy it is to measure. It is both accurate and time-saving. Why didn't you think of it? " ? Still counting. Isn't that a waste of time? "

The assistant's face turned red.

Edison murmured, "Life is too short, too short. Save time and do more! " "

Edison was a poor worker before he became famous. Once, his old friend met him in the street and said with concern, "look, this coat on you is very worn." You should get a new one. "

"Need it to be? Nobody knows me in new york. " Edison answered indifferently.

A few years later, Edison became a great inventor.

One day, Edison met that friend again in the street of new york. "Oh," exclaimed my friend, "why are you still wearing this old coat? This time, I have to change a new one anyway! "

"Need it to be? Everyone here already knows me. " Edison still answered casually.

Lonnie Thompson:

Lonnie Thompson the Iceman

While most geologists invariably focus on the North and South poles of the earth, Lonnie Thompson is locked in the tropical glacier field which has been neglected by the academic circles for a long time. The earth where we live is getting warmer and warmer. Lonnie Thompson, an American glacier geographer, has devoted himself to the study of tropical glaciers for many years. He is trying to climb more peaks and collect valuable information about the ice cores that can reflect the climate change of the earth before the snow melts.

A few years ago, Lonnie Thompson, a glacier geographer at Ohio State University, stood at the top of Mount Kilimanjaro in East Africa and carefully observed a cylindrical ice core handed over by his colleagues. With nearly a quarter of a century's weather-beaten professional vision, he saw at a glance that the smooth surface like ice core glass was actually covered with small eyes. This is not a small bubble formed by the occasional infiltration of air, but a groove trace left by the flow of snow water after the melting of snow and ice. The message from here is not optimistic.

Small eyes on the surface of the ice core confirmed Thompson's speculation that the temperature of Mount Kilimanjaro in East Africa is rising rapidly, and the layers of snow covering the top of the mountain may melt in 15. If so, Kilimanjaro, once described by ernest hemingway as "great, lofty and incredibly white" and immortal in the hearts of the world, will eventually become a fragment in people's memory. As a precautionary measure, Thompson and his colleagues managed to take these ice core samples back to Ohio State University and put them in their ultra-low temperature polar refrigerator together with the geological samples obtained from earlier explorations in tropical mountains.

In the next five years, Thompson excavated many more valuable things from these various geological collections. Like tree rings, the old ice cores in mountainous areas have been playing the role of faithful recorders of nature for many years, recording quite accurate climate change information such as temperature and precipitation in this area for centuries. Thanks to Thompson's long-term "geological decryption" work, these precious materials collected in the Nature Library will not be lost after the ice and snow melt.

Thankfully, Thompson saved and cracked many geological records. For example, in 1983, he reconstructed the change process of Peru's climate from wet to dry in the past 1500 years from the samples collected from the Quelcaya ice peak in southern Peru, which can be used as a natural annotation of the rise and fall of civilization in this area in the past 1500 years. In 1987, the geological evolution history of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China for nearly 40,000 years was successfully interpreted, and then in 1992, the evolution history of the ancient ice layer in China for nearly 760,000 years was successfully interpreted. In addition, Thompson strongly proved that the climate around tropical glaciers from the Andes in South America to the Himalayas in Central Asia was much colder 20,000 years ago than scientists now think.

Pasteur:

Pasteur's exploration

LouisPasteur, a French microbiologist and chemist, is the founder of modern microbiology. Just as Newton initiated classical mechanics, Pasteur initiated the field of microbiology, and he was also a scientific giant.

Pasteur was one of the most accomplished scientists in the19th century. He conducted many exploratory studies and achieved great results. He proved three scientific problems all his life: (1) Every fermentation is due to the development of a microorganism. French chemists found that heating can kill those nasty microorganisms that make beer bitter. Soon, "pasteurization" was applied to various foods and drinks. (2) Every infectious disease is the development of a microorganism in an organism: Pasteur saved the French silk industry by discovering and eradicating a bacterium that invaded silkworm eggs. (3) The microorganisms of infectious diseases can reduce their virulence under special culture, thus transforming them into drug vaccines to prevent diseases. He realized that many diseases were caused by microorganisms, so he established the theory of bacteria.

Louis pasteur is praised by the world as "the most perfect person to enter the field of science". He is not only a theoretical genius, but also a person who is good at solving practical problems. His two papers published in 1843-Study on Twin Phenomenon and Crystal Morphology initiated the study of optical properties of matter. From 1856 to 1860, he put forward a new theory of fermentation essence based on microbial metabolic activities. The Record of Lactic Acid Fermentation published by 1857 is a classic paper recognized by microbiology. After 1880, a variety of vaccines such as chicken cholera vaccine and rabies vaccine were successfully developed, and their theories and immunization methods caused great changes in medical practice. In addition, Pasteur's work also successfully saved the French wine industry, sericulture and animal husbandry.

Pasteur is regarded as the most important outstanding figure in the history of medicine. Pasteur's contribution involves several disciplines, but his reputation mainly focuses on defending and supporting germs and developing vaccines to prevent diseases.

Pasteur was not the earliest discoverer of bacteria. Before him, Kirula, Bao Henry and others had put forward similar assumptions. However, Pasteur not only enthusiastically and bravely put forward the theory about germs, but also proved the correctness of his theory through a large number of experiments, which convinced the scientific community. This is his main contribution.

Obviously, the cause lies in bacteria, so it is obvious that only by preventing bacteria from entering the human body can we avoid getting sick. Therefore, Pasteur emphasized that doctors should use disinfection. Joseph Sinter proposed to the world the use of disinfection in surgery, and he was influenced by Pasteur. Toxic bacteria enter the human body through food and drink. Pasteur invented a method of sterilizing beverages, which was later called pasteurization (heat sterilization).

At the age of 50, Buster focused on malignant carbuncle marks. It is an infectious disease that harms livestock and other animals, including people; Pasteur proved that the cause was a special kind of bacteria. He injected animals with attenuated Corynebacterium malignant carbuncle.

188 1 year, Pasteur improved the method of reducing the virulence of pathogenic microorganisms. He observed that animals who have recovered from infectious diseases will be immune to the disease in the future. Based on this, sheep and chickens were immunized with attenuated anthrax and chicken cholera pathogens respectively, which was successful. This method greatly aroused the enthusiasm of scientists. It is known that many infectious diseases can be avoided by this method.

1882, Bassude was elected as an academician of the French Academy. In the same year, he began to study rabies, proved that the pathogen existed in the saliva and nervous system of sick animals, and made a salted live vaccine, which successfully helped people gain immunity to the disease. According to Pasteur's immunization method, medical scientists have created vaccines to prevent several dangerous diseases, successfully avoiding the threat of typhoid fever, polio and other diseases.

When it comes to rabies, people naturally think of Pasteur's well-known story. In the era when bacterial theory dominated, Pasteur did not know that rabies was a viral disease, but he knew from scientific practice that the toxicity of infectious substances would decrease after repeated generations and drying. He injected the medulla oblongata extract containing pathogenic rabies into rabbits many times, and then injected these attenuated venom into dogs, so that dogs could resist rabies virus infection with normal strength. 1885, a 9-year-old boy was seriously injured by a mad dog and was sent to Pasteur for rescue. After a moment's hesitation, Pasteur injected the child with the above extremely toxic extract, and then gradually injected the more toxic extract. Pasteur's idea is to make him resistant before the incubation period of rabies passes. As a result, Pasteur succeeded and the child was saved. 1886, another 15-year-old shepherd boy, Zhu Piye, was severely bitten and rescued while rescuing his companion who was attacked by a mad dog. Now, this sculpture describing the heroic deeds of this young man and the great achievements of Pasteur is located outside the Pasteur Institute in Paris. Pasteur invented the rabies vaccine in 1889. He also pointed out that this pathogen is a "filtering supermicroorganism" that can pass through a bacterial filter.

Pasteur's most famous achievement is to develop a technology to vaccinate people. This technology can protect people from the terrible rabies. Other scientists applied Pasteur's basic ideas to develop vaccines against many serious diseases, such as typhus and polio.

It is he who has done much more experiments than others and convincingly explained the process of microbial production. Pasteur also discovered the phenomenon of anaerobic life, that is, some microorganisms can survive in an environment lacking air or oxygen. Pasteur's research on silkworm diseases has great economic value. He also developed a vaccine against chicken cholera.

People often compare Pasteur with the British doctor Edward Senna. Chen Na has developed smallpox vaccine, and Pasteur's method can and has been applied to the prevention and treatment of many diseases.

Domestic:

yellow

The story of meteorologist Huang

While the global climate anomaly caused people to pay attention to the "El Nino" phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean and the heat source in the continental plateau, Huang made a pioneering exploration on the mechanism of atmospheric planetary fluctuations that led to these phenomena. He proposed that the atmosphere must be vertically divided into many layers to correctly describe this kind of fluctuation. He was the first person in the world to divide the atmosphere into 34 layers to study quasi-steady planetary waves.

His achievement has attracted the attention of international peers, and it is 198 1 year. By 1986, with the help of an electronic computer, he had analyzed hundreds of thousands of data, compiled tens of thousands of programs and published more than 20 papers, thus further explaining the physical causes, propagation laws and anomalies of quasi-stationary planetary waves, and found that this atmospheric wave has two waveguides and propagates along two channels in three-dimensional space. This provides a certain basis for the long-term monthly-seasonal weather forecast, and puts forward a new viewpoint for solving some meteorological mysteries.

Science knows no borders. The achievements of China people have caused a series of repercussions in the international atmospheric science community:

"I am writing a review article, and I want to quote the results obtained in your article." This letter is from MIT.

"After my article was published, Dr. Huang of China has published his research results with a three-dimensional multi-layer model, and my results are similar to theirs." A famous British atmospheric dynamicist cited Huang's achievements in his article to make the above explanation. ...

The motherland gave Huang a higher honor: his achievements won the first prize of Scientific Progress of China Academy of Sciences 1985, 199 1 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.

So, how did he grow from a cowherd to an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences?

Huang was born in a very poor peasant family in Hui 'an County, Fujian Province. His father supports his family by working part-time or long-term jobs. Before liberation, my ancestors never went to school. 1949 was liberated, and his family didn't go to school until they had land. Because life is difficult, he has no money to pay for meals. Every week, he picks dozens of pounds of sweet potatoes and firewood from home and walks about 20 kilometers to school. In the cold winter, I only wore two tattered winter clothes, and I never wore a pair of shoes I bought until I graduated from high school. A pair of wooden slippers accompanied him through middle school. He shares a quilt with an old friend, and school stationery can only be bought by sometimes endorsing the children of rich families with a little work. However, the hardships of life did not make him give up, but encouraged him to study hard, so that he kept excellent grades from primary school to high school.

65438-0959, admitted to the Department of Geophysics of Peking University with excellent results. He walked into Peking University for the first time with the only quilt in his family and the shoes he bought, which introduced him to modern science. The school gave him the highest grant, as well as winter clothes and summer clothes, and relevant leaders often asked about the changes in temperature. This made him secretly determined that only by studying hard can he repay the cultivation of the party and the people. It is such a simple belief that he can overcome one difficulty after another.

Looking back on the research work of quasi-steady planetary waves started by 1979, Huang lamented: "Inspiration didn't help me." Yes, he combined the ox spirit of China farmers with modern scientific means and scientific thinking, and shaped the image of scientists.

Quasi-steady planetary waves change slowly, with a wavelength of tens of thousands of kilometers, which is longer than that of radius of the earth (6,400 kilometers). Long-term weather forecast and short-term climate change forecast for more than two weeks are a key dynamic problem. To carry out such theoretical research, we must start with the analysis of massive observation data. To put forward some new ideas and theories in this field, even a well-trained scientist will spend a lot of energy. There is no shortcut to Huang.

His family consists of five people from three generations, old and young, and lives in a narrow simple tube-shaped building. After returning home, both children went to school. Every day after dinner, no matter how windy or rainy it is, he will go to the office. Only after his family has a rest will he go back to "take over" and use newspapers to block the lights and continue his research.

Poor scientific research life has given him and his lover a strong adaptability. When eating, he doesn't ask about color and fragrance, just fill it up; Tired from work, he fell asleep as soon as his shoulder touched the floor or camp bed. I don't care about daily necessities at work. It's okay for a lover to come home late from work. For this kind of life, he said: "People can't stand it, I don't change pleasure."

In the maze of science, Huang can sometimes forget everything. One spring festival, the institute bought a duck for everyone. On the day of parting, Huang deduced the mathematical formula of planetary wave propagation and went home very late. There are ducks hanging on the bike, and my mind is still full of mathematical formulas. When I got home, I didn't finish the recipe and the duck was gone. The lover wrote, "Did you lose a dead duck with a living person?" Who knows the duck was picked up by a colleague in our institute. This colleague made a simple inference: today, we studied that people who dropped ducks came home so late. This person must be the "bookworm" Huang of our college.

Huang is sometimes a bit dull, but as an intellectual in China, he is more ambitious.

From 65438 to 0979, the state sent him to study in Japan. In two years, he worked more than 14 hours a day, and sometimes even worked in the computer room all night. Because of his achievements in the study of planetary wave mechanics, the then chairman of the Japan Meteorological Society repeatedly asked him to go to Japan for research work and be responsible for all his living expenses during his stay in Japan, but he did not agree and returned to China as scheduled. A meteorologist from the American Center for Atmospheric Research offered him generous treatment and urged him to work in the United States. He declined politely: "When the country needs me to go to the United States for cooperative research, I will leave." Until recently, a foreign university was willing to offer him an annual salary of more than $20,000, but he also refused. He told reporters: "My motherland and I are scientists, and my career is in China, where I was born and raised."

Academician Huang once said: "I grew from a cowherd to an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Some of the things I have done are mainly the result of the party's years of education, and then my personal efforts. One should have ideals in this world, not to make a living. I don't care much about fame. I think the most important thing is to have a spirit, make a solid contribution to scientific development, and solve some practical problems for the country and the people. "

Yuan Longping:

Many farmers said to me, "Only by building a Yuan Longping in this world can we have enough to eat ..." In rural areas, there are even people who worship Yuan Longping as a god. Yuan Longping's "hybrid rice" project, which has devoted his life to solving the problem of human eating, has set up an immortal monument in people's hearts.

However, Yuan Longping is not a god, but a mortal. In addition to hybrid rice, he also has secular desires, rich feelings outside his major, and a rare detachment and a happy life forever.

From the first time we met, I sat face to face with him, just as I saw him on TV and in the newspaper. He is still thin, but outstanding, with a particularly tough body and bright eyes shining with wisdom. We have a wide range of topics, especially talking about things other than hybrid rice, such as life philosophy, life interests, hobbies ... Teacher Yuan is even more moved. Unexpectedly, this world-famous scientist is so kind, modest and approachable. He likes all kinds of sports, including basketball, volleyball, badminton and table tennis. I am also interested in chess, military chess, Go and playing cards. What he is most proud of is swimming, and he has no small honor in the past swimming competitions.

It is difficult for children to learn to swim if they are saved.

As early as the first year of the Anti-Japanese War, at the age of 8, he fled from Hankou to Taoyuan County, Hunan Province with his parents. One day, the fourth brother accidentally pushed him from the bow into the surging river. Fortunately, I was rescued by an old boatman in time before I got my life back. Young, he is determined to learn to "paddle" like an old boatman, and he can also save people in the water.

Then, they fled to Chongqing with their families. In summer, whenever I come home from school, the most enjoyable thing is to go swimming by the Yangtze River. Learn the dog style first, and then learn the breaststroke. It will be done soon, but it is always too fast and not enough. Saving lives is too slow. What should I do? After several hard exercises and studies, I finally learned freestyle again. A child under 10 has the cheek to cross the Yangtze River!

1947, his family has moved back to Hankou. He was a freshman in the swimming competition in Hubei Province. Although he is sixteen or seventeen, he is small and inconspicuous, and the PE teacher doesn't approve of his participation. But he secretly put on his sportswear, hitched a ride on another classmate's bike, and skillfully broke into the stadium, winning the first place in the men's freestyle in Hankou Division and the second place in the province.

Since then, Mr. Yuan's "style" has become stronger and stronger. When I was teaching in Anjiang Agricultural School, I spent time in Yuanjiang whenever I had time. I have lived in Hainan for a long time to engage in hybrid rice breeding and reproduction. It is late at night and I have to fight in the wind and waves of the sea. ...

Now, although he is over seventy years old, he is still cool. He also asks for leave from time to time and takes his wife to the swimming pool to stretch himself. In the swimming pool, he sometimes talks and laughs on the shore and instructs others to swim; Sometimes you jump into the pool and swim back and forth several times, just like a dragon playing in the water. There are several young men who rely on their excellent swimming skills to compete with the old man. Compared with breaststroke, boys all lost; Changing to freestyle again, Yuan Lao said cheerfully, "Then you will lose even worse!" Sure enough.

He said that so far, his physique is very good and his memory is very good, thanks to years of exercise in sports activities such as swimming. Only when you have a strong will and a healthy body can you pursue your career unremittingly. ...

Music relieves loneliness for 30 years, and the piano keeps playing.

Speaking of music, Miss Yuan has a special feeling. He is very talented, self-taught and plays the violin very well. After the teacher's guidance, he became more outstanding and had an indissoluble bond with the piano.

Growing up in the city in the early years, I was assigned to work in a poor mountain nest in Anjiang, and it was thirty degrees in a blink of an eye. On the night in Gao Xingliang in February, he will play a song "Dream", "Blue Danube" or Schubert's "Serenade" with deep affection to entertain himself, others and life.

He admits that he does not reject modern pop music, but prefers traditional folk music. He especially worships He Lvting and thinks that Mr. He Lvting is a great musician. His songs of different styles are well written, either vigorous or inspiring. Either the twists and turns are euphemistic, the affection is long, and it is very tempting to express. For example, "Song of Guerrillas" has a bright rhythm and fresh melody, which skillfully shows the alert, flexible and fearless spirit of anti-Japanese soldiers; Autumn Water is a typical representative of He Lvting's lyric songs. "I especially like this song. But in the "Cultural Revolution", it was criticized as a decadent voice of "sealing, funding and repairing" ... "

While speaking, Mr. Yuan also deliberately moved out a Yamaha electronic organ from the study, saying that it was brought back when he went to Japan for a lecture, which was not bad. As he spoke, he turned on the power, adjusted the control button at will, tried it a few times, and then played the song of guerrillas. His skillful playing skills made me fall into endless reverie. ...

Knowledge should be updated by reciting 100 words every day.

Not long ago, I went to Ma Po Ridge Hybrid Rice Center to visit Mr. Yuan, who was giving a lecture to rice experts from Asian and African countries, so I squeezed in. I saw him speak fluent English, with a cadence and a humorous expression, and he was so confident and natural on the three-foot platform. The students come from more than a dozen different countries, and the English used in the questions is inevitably mixed with local accents from different countries, but Mr. Yuan can understand it, and without any translation help, he answers it like a treasure, and even humorously imitates the different spoken languages of students from different countries. This is amazing!

His wife, Teacher Deng Zhe, told me that Yuan Longping likes reading very much. Every time he goes on a business trip, he goes to the local bookstore. I always read books before going to bed at night, as if I were hypnotized by reading, and fell asleep after reading them.

He reads widely, not only professionally, but also famous works at home and abroad, such as Tagore's love poems, Shakespeare's four tragedies, Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights and so on. And he likes reading English version, which he thinks is also a way to learn a foreign language. He said: "mastering one more foreign language is equivalent to opening an extra door to knowledge."

Teacher Yuan has a solid foreign language foundation. Besides being deeply influenced by his mother who knew English since childhood, his obsession, diligence, keen perception and mastery of language are his chips for success. After staying in that cottage town in Anjiang for decades, he almost forgot English. In order to update his knowledge and meet the needs of international communication, he decided to take English back.

He finds time to read books, look up dictionaries, listen to the radio, recite English words and conduct intensive training. He said that he had forced himself to recite 100 words every day, so that even if he lost half of them, he still wrote down forty or fifty words. Over the years, his vocabulary has been quite large, covering a wide range. Whether it is a professional vocabulary or a rare word, he has a sensitive response and a standard pronunciation, which can be used as a skilled language to communicate with foreign countries. He visited dozens of countries, and never relied on translation for lectures, academic exchanges and visits.

Business plus entertainment innovators are always young.

Hybrid rice made him spend most of his life in the fields. In order to save time, he changed from riding a bike to riding a motorcycle to go to other places, and soon felt the speed and convenience of this thing. Unexpectedly, playing motorcycles and racing cars has become a great pleasure in his life.

The seedlings in that autumn field withered, blossomed and headed ... all these worried him. From time to time, I step on my motorcycle and say, "DuDu!" Slip off the road, jump into the path, and slide onto the ridge. Vibrant figures twinkle in green or gold colored rice fields in Huang Can. For more than 20 years, he has changed 89 motorcycles of different brands, models and powers. I was keen on playing with imported cars earlier, but I have a soft spot for domestic motorcycles in recent years. Today, Yuan Longping, who is over 70 years old, has never changed his fascination with "motorcycles" and still drives them around the fields.

During his visit to Yuan Longping, he said to me with deep feelings, "In fact, my greatest interest is to be with young people. Young people are full of vigor and vitality, and dare to fight and fight, which is the hope of our cause. Often with young people, I feel very young and full of youthful vitality. ...

There are too many such people. If you want more detailed information, you can search on Baidu. I'll stop here.