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To do a good job in career planning, we must follow the process of career design and do every link carefully. The specific steps of career design can be summarized as follows:

1, self-evaluation

That is, to fully understand yourself. Effective career design must be based on a full and correct understanding of one's own conditions and related environment. We should look at ourselves, know ourselves, know ourselves and do a good job in self-evaluation, including our interests, specialties, personality, knowledge, skills, IQ, EQ, way of thinking, etc. That is to find out what I want to do, what I can do, what I should do, what I will choose in front of many professions and so on.

Step 2 set goals

Setting goals is the key to career planning. Generally, goals can be divided into short-term goals, medium-term goals, long-term goals and life goals. Long-term goals can only be achieved through long-term efforts and unremitting struggle. When setting long-term goals, we should base ourselves on reality, make careful choices and make comprehensive consideration to make them realistic and forward-looking. Short-term goals are more specific and have a more direct impact on people, which is also an integral part of long-term goals.

3. Environmental assessment

Career planning should also fully understand and understand the relevant environment, evaluate the impact of environmental factors on their career development, analyze the characteristics, development and changes of environmental conditions, and grasp the advantages and limitations of environmental factors. Understand the status, situation and development trend of this major and industry.

4. Career orientation

Career orientation is to seek the best match between career goals and their own potential as well as subjective and objective conditions. A good career orientation is based on a person's best talent, best personality, best interest and most favorable environment. In the process of career orientation, we should consider the matching of personality and occupation, interest and occupation, specialty and occupation, and so on. Attention should be paid to career orientation: ① according to objective reality, consider the relationship between individuals, society and units; (2) Compare and identify, compare the matching of professional conditions, requirements and nature with their own conditions, and choose a career that is more suitable, more in line with their own strengths, more interested, capable of being competent quickly through hard work and promising; 3 foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, look at the main aspects, and don't pursue a perfect career; (4) Assess the situation and make timely adjustments. We should adjust our career goals in time according to the changes in the situation, and we should not stick to our own opinions and remain unchanged.

5, the implementation strategy

It is to formulate an action plan to achieve career goals and have specific behavioral measures to ensure it. Without action, career goals can only be dreams. It is necessary to make a careful action plan and pay more attention to its implementation.

6. Assessment and feedback

The whole career planning should be tested in the implementation to see the effect, diagnose all aspects of career planning in time, find out the corresponding countermeasures, and adjust and improve the planning.

It can be seen that correct self-evaluation is the most basic and core link in the whole planning process. If this link is not done well, or there is deviation, it will lead to problems in all aspects of the whole career planning.

Enlightenment of Career Anchor on Career Planning of College Graduates

The concept of career anchor was put forward by American professor Edgar Schein, who believes that career planning is actually a process of continuous exploration. In this process, everyone is gradually forming a relatively clear career-related self-concept according to their own talents, abilities, motivations, needs, attitudes and values. As a person knows himself more and more, he will become a dominant professional anchor more and more obviously. The so-called career anchor means that when a person has to make a choice, the vital things or values in his career will never give up. Just like the meaning of "anchor" in the word "professional anchor", professional anchor is actually the center around which people choose and develop their own careers. A person will not realize what his career anchor is until he has a clear understanding of his talent and ability, motivation and needs, attitude and values. According to his own research at MIT, it is very difficult to predict the career anchor in advance, because a person's career anchor is constantly changing, and it is actually the dynamic result of a continuous exploration process.

Some people may never know what their career orientation is until they have to make some important choices. All a person's past work experience, interests, qualifications, sexual orientation and so on will converge into a meaningful model (or professional anchor), which will tell this person what is the most important for him or her personally. Mercy based on his years of research, put forward the following five career anchors:

1, technical or functional career anchor

People with strong technical or functional career anchors are often reluctant to choose those general management occupations. On the contrary, they always tend to choose a career that can ensure their sustainable development in a given technical or functional field.

2. Manage career anchors

Some people show a strong motivation to become managers, and a more responsible management position is their ultimate goal. When asked why they believe they have the necessary skills to get these positions, many people replied that they think they are qualified for management positions because they think they have the following three abilities: (1) analytical ability (the ability to find, analyze and solve problems under incomplete and uncertain information); (2) interpersonal skills (the ability to influence, supervise, lead, manipulate and control others at all levels); (3) Emotional ability (the ability to be motivated in the face of emotional and interpersonal crises without being troubled and weakened by them, and the ability not to be negative under the pressure of high responsibility).

3. Creative professional anchor

Some college students need to build or create things that belong to them completely-products or crafts with their names printed on them, their own companies or a group of personal wealth reflecting their achievements, and so on.

4. Independent professional anchor

Some graduates seem to be driven by the need to decide their own destiny when choosing a career. They want to get rid of the situation of relying on others because they work in a large enterprise, because when a person works in a large enterprise, his or her promotion, job transfer, salary and other aspects are inevitably at the mercy of others. Many of these graduates still have a strong technical or functional orientation. However, instead of pursuing this career orientation in a certain enterprise, they decided to become a consulting expert, either working independently or as a partner in a relatively small enterprise.

5. Safe career anchor

There are also some graduates who attach great importance to long-term job stability and job security. They seem to be more willing to engage in such occupations: these occupations should provide stable jobs, decent income and a promising future life. This promising future life is usually guaranteed by a good retirement plan and a high pension. For those who are more interested in geo-security, if pursuing a superior career means injecting unstable or poorly guaranteed geo-factors into their lives, then they will feel that it is more important for them to maintain a stable and secure career in a familiar environment. For other people who pursue a safe career anchor, safety means the safety of the organization they depend on. They may choose to work in government agencies first, because government civil servants seem to be lifelong careers. These people are obviously more willing to let their employers decide what kind of career they want to pursue.