Procurement problem

1. You placed an order for a batch of materials to inform the supplier of production, but you were told that the customer cancelled the order, but it was impossible to use other products of the company. How can you solve it? There must be three solutions.

A: This question is too general, but in this case, you must first understand the completion of the order placed by the supplier and ask the supplier to stop the production of the order. According to the supplier's feedback, decide to deal with it. A. If the supplier does not have a formal production order, it can coordinate with the supplier to cancel the order and ask him to help produce other products using the ordered raw materials. If the supplier has already produced, ask the supplier to provide accurate production quantity, and then coordinate with the marketing department to see if this material will be used in future production. If it is useful in the future, just coordinate with the supplier to postpone the delivery date. If it can't be reused, you should ask the customer to compensate for the materials produced. If the customer does not make any compensation on the grounds that the default date is within the scope of the contract, he should coordinate with the supplier as soon as possible, calculate the quantity of materials at the cost price, and consider whether the materials are useful after scrapping. Minimize the loss as much as possible.

2. Why did you choose to buy?

A: You can be familiar with the commodity market and increase your knowledge. B, you can meet different people, improve your language communication ability and enhance your personal charm. C, secondly, it is not easy to do a good job in purchasing, and individuals have more room to play, which is very helpful for personal development. The pressure of purchasing-how to take the cost structure as the guide to ensure the lowest purchasing cost of goods. purchasing management

3. Where is the value of the buyer? What do you know about purchasing?

A: Purchasing saves the company 1 yuan, which is equivalent to selling goods from 1 1 yuan. This is the value of the buyer. As a purchase, you can buy the required items according to the company's needs and the needs of producing products, which not only meets the product requirements, but also is the price acceptable to the company. Then you are a qualified purchasing agent. procurement process

4. How should buyers develop new suppliers?

Answer: Every company has its own process of developing suppliers. Generally speaking, it collects supplier information (online, exhibition, friend introduction, supplier self-recommendation, etc.). )-conducting supplier questionnaire survey-evaluation-supplier sample delivery-qualification-including qualified suppliers; If it is unqualified, look for it again.

5. What is the market price of electronic materials?

A: It's hard to say. Great changes have taken place. Check the latest price yourself.

6. The customer suddenly cancels the order, the materials have been returned to the factory, and the supplier does not agree to return them (no claim can be made from the customer)?

A: Usually this kind of situation rarely happens in the purchasing industry, because you have signed a series of contracts with your customers and suppliers. When the customer suddenly cancels the order, it doesn't mean that the customer just cancels the order without any treatment. Generally speaking, customers will definitely give you some solutions. For example, it takes some time to find a new buyer for this batch of goods, so at this time, the customer verbally said that he wanted to find a new buyer, but the time was not equal. You can only try to help customers through various channels and communicate with suppliers properly. If this product is commonly used in the industry, that is to say, it is a standard part, you can communicate with the supplier appropriately to see if the supplier can sell this product, and try to convince the supplier with sincere cooperation between the two parties. If the supplier doesn't help and doesn't agree to return the goods, you can only discuss the receipt with the boss or customer. Because the buyer has signed a contract with the supplier, when it is not the supplier's problem, the buyer cannot easily return the goods;

7. What about the cost of the company's products?

Answer: raw material cost+manufacturing cost (water and electricity, labor, maintenance, packaging, inspection, machine depreciation, newspapers, etc. ) management cost+tax+profit+transportation.

8. How can companies and suppliers develop together? What do you think of the buying strategy?

A: This problem is relatively big, but it is nothing more than technological progress, cost reduction, shortened delivery cycle, improved quality control level, development scale and speed.

Procurement requires professional knowledge, certain negotiation experience and skills, and a certain understanding of the market. The senior management and managers of the buyers and sellers should meet once a quarter to solve the bad phenomena in the early stage and put forward the future development goals and strategic goals, so that the suppliers can have a clear idea and fully cooperate with a development process of our company.

9. How to maintain the old supplier relationship?

Answer: Maintenance of supplier relationship: Because the supplier is not a customer, there is no need to call frequently to contact feelings, only when necessary. General suppliers will call to purchase, business is business. If it's personal, just be friends!

10. How to judge the authenticity of supplier's quotation?

& lt 1 & gt； Through many price comparisons

& lt2> through cost sharing

& lt3> can be determined by the functional positioning of this product and the comparison with the equivalent products.

1 1. The quotation of the old supplier is slightly higher than that of the new supplier every time, but after communication, it is agreed to reduce it appropriately. How to deal with this situation?

A: Separate the goods and buy them in small quantities from new suppliers. Of course, if this batch still takes most of it from the old supplier. Because a product is not only a price issue, but also a specification, shape, service life, delivery date and so on, I need a small batch of samples before I can make a final decision.

In addition, generally speaking, the company's share of the same product should be 37, and whoever has the advantage will lead. There will be various situations in actual production, and only two suppliers can effectively solve these problems. If the price of the old supplier is higher than that of the new supplier in the end, then I will buy from the new supplier, but I will still maintain the relationship between supply and demand with the old supplier. A long-term supplier is a fortune. If the price is the same, I will buy a big head from the old supplier and maintain the supply qualification of the new supplier.

12. What should I do if the supplier wants to eat or drink?

A: I said I refused in principle. If I can't refuse, I will invite other colleagues to the appointment. The boss is not very satisfied. He said he should invite his boss, but no one else can go! We should pay attention to this in the future.

13. How to deal with the supplier's material problems?

A: If the payment is not paid in full, part of the payment will be deducted, so as to ask the supplier to provide the requirements of return, replenishment or discount. If the customer specifies which manufacturer to use, provide the inspection report and problematic samples to the customer, complain to the customer, and consider developing suppliers of similar products to avoid sticking to the suppliers!

14. The purchase amount of paid materials is about 30W/ month. How many suppliers should I choose?

A: Personally, I think it depends. If the supplier has strength, quality and good service, it is ok to have a manufacturer to supply. The loan amount of300,000 yuan is not very large. (Of course, backup vendors are also necessary). I think the supply of the two factories is the best. There are comparisons between the two, and they can also restrict each other. There are too many manufacturers, and the effect may be bad. The payment for goods is correspondingly less, and the enthusiasm of manufacturers will not be too high. The corresponding sequelae may be more. If you return the goods, which factory it is from, it may still give you a headache.

15. Did your previous company have an annual purchasing plan or a price reduction target? Talk about how you achieved or achieved it;

A: Every regular company has such a plan, which is carried out according to the original plan without major changes in the market. For those whose final cost is lower than the original plan, the senior management of the company will give a reward of 65,438+00% of the difference. The first is to find more quotations from manufacturers, and then find alternative new materials to reduce prices. It's best to get goods from manufacturers to reduce the price difference between middlemen, and the payment can be shortened or lengthened. Then, make a plan to purchase common materials in a unified way, and the unit price can be discounted if the quantity is large. Find a few months for more suppliers to discuss the price, and tell the company and suppliers about next year's plan and approximate order quantity, so that the supplier can see the future hope, and naturally he will agree to reduce the price.

16. If you are accepted by our company, how will you work?

A: "First listen to the instructions and requirements of the leaders, then get familiar with the relevant situation, then make a short-term work plan and report it to the leaders for approval, and finally carry out the work as planned."

17, if there is a supplier's goods, the quality control says that the supplier's incoming materials are poor, and the supplier says that this is the only way, what will he do as a buyer?

Answer: There are two possibilities: 1. If the company can still use this material, it will apply for special procurement, and at the same time, it will modify the incoming inspection standard, and within the available range, it will modify an upper and lower limit. This kind of goods can be used if the materials are supplied in the future and the quality is tested according to the newly revised inspection standard. If this material does have quality problems, the company can't use it at all. If the other party can't improve, it is recommended to change to a new supplier!

18. What if the supplier fails to meet the delivery date?

A: If the supplier fails to meet the delivery date, it will first issue an improvement notice and strongly urge the other party to improve. According to the extent to which the company's production situation is affected by the failure to meet the delivery date, the payment can be deducted or delayed, so as to supervise and force the other party to improve. If the other party can't improve, it is recommended to change to a new supplier! After all, quality and delivery are very important for the normal operation of a company!

19, the definition of procurement

A: Exchange the company's funds for the company's useful goods and services, that is to say, use the funds to build resources (goods+services), which will generate assets with the greatest added value through management, thus creating profits for the company.

20. For a new product, how do you evaluate whether the supplier's quotation is reasonable? By the way, how do you usually estimate the product cost?

Answer: For a new product, you should evaluate whether the supplier's quotation is reasonable. Before evaluating the price of the new product, you should first know the BOM of the new product, so that you can make a market survey by knowing all the parts, make a table of the survey results of all the parts as a whole, and then seek some relevant information according to the requirements of fine processing of the parts, so that you can properly understand some relevant quality standards of these parts industries. Then make some rough plans according to the local processing costs and processing expenses at that time, so that when the supplier gives you a quotation, you can roughly calculate whether the supplier's quotation is reasonable; And the way I estimate the cost will also evaluate the cost of my products through this series of surveys; If the technology involved is beyond the professional scope of procurement, the assistance of the company's engineering and technical personnel is generally needed to achieve the best negotiation effect.

2 1, how to manage suppliers

A: Supplier management: All suppliers are listed in a list, and the quality, delivery and cooperation of suppliers are regularly reviewed and included in the review data. According to the evaluation results, suppliers can be eliminated or replaced. If the supplier performs particularly well, you can place more orders according to your own situation!

22. Why should we hire you?

Answer: "Because I always want to work here" is not good, and "I really need a job" is even worse. Employers want to hear what you can do for the company, not how they can help you solve your livelihood problems. Talk appropriately about how you solved a difficult problem and reduced the company's expenses. You can mention previous successful cases, knowledge or skills in your answers.

23. What do you think is your greatest weakness?

A: Now they find fault in eggs, which is a way to protect themselves during the interview. Take advantage of this opportunity so that the other party can't find any reason to eliminate you. Too many honest job seekers make big mistakes because they are too frank. We don't want you to lie, but be careful what you say! For example, even if you are really procrastinating or poorly organized, don't admit it. If the position you are interviewing for requires teamwork, don't admit that you are always a loner.

The following insurance answers will help you get through it smoothly:

(1) Sometimes I get impatient with people who are not as good as myself.

(2) Sometimes I am too sensitive and care too much about other people's opinions.

(3) Sometimes I can't find time to relax myself.

(4) Sometimes I am a little radical in order to make a deal.

According to the above statement, in fact, you are implying that you don't approve of laziness, not indifference, but a workaholic or a tenacious salesperson. As an employee, this is actually not a disadvantage!

24. What are the three words that best summarize yourself?

A: You are adaptable, responsible and consistent. Explain to the examiner with specific examples, so that they feel that you have development potential.

25. What do you know about our company?

A: It is important for the other party to see that you have mastered a lot of company information through investigation. Of course, it is important to talk only about the positive news of the company.

26. How did you know that we wanted this position?

If you get news from someone inside the company, remember to mention his name. Just because a company doesn't say it's biased towards internal relations doesn't mean it doesn't exist.

27. Which will you choose, good development or favorable development? Besides salary, what other benefits attract you the most?

A: It's good for development, because in this world, you have to have your own ideals and ambitions. Good development space is conducive to realizing your ideals and ambitions. You can learn more when you are young, and making money is not the most important thing. Formal training and good development space are the best benefits for me. Be as honest as possible. If you do your homework, you will know what they will provide. Try to match the answers they provide. If you think you deserve more, you can ask for more. )

28. What extracurricular activities have you participated in?

A: Since it is best to make people feel that you have many skills, it is best to emphasize those activities that require teamwork and leadership.

29. Have you ever participated in voluntary activities?

A: Start doing some voluntary activities now, not only those that contribute to society, but also those that your employer will care about. If they don't have such employees, then you will become a good public relations resource.

30. Who is your hero?

A: The best answer is your friends or family. Try to avoid talking about celebrities.

3 1, is there a problem?

A: You must ask questions.

32. What was your former supervisor like?

A: There is only one correct answer: speak well. Even if you really want to take this opportunity to give someone you can't stand a scolding, don't do it. Don't attack your former boss, it will cost you all your efforts. Even if he is a fool or nothing, you shouldn't criticize him too much. If you really can't say anything nice, give some pertinent comments. buyer.top-sales.com.cn

Why haven't you found a suitable position?

A: Don't be afraid to tell them that you might get a job. Never say, "I screwed up my last interview …". Point out that this is your first interview.

34. What's your hobby?

A: Find someone who is full of team spirit. The following is a true story: someone was rejected because he likes deep-sea diving. The examiner said: because this is a single activity, I'm not sure if he can adapt to group work.

35. What do you think of reporting to people/women younger than you?

A: "I never divide others according to age and gender. As long as they reach the position themselves, there is absolutely no problem. "

36. Have you ever thought about starting a business?

A: This question can show your momentum, but if your answer is "yes", be careful. The next question may be "Then why don't you do it?" buyer.top-sales.com.cn

Why did you quit your original purchasing job?

I resigned because the company went bankrupt. I have worked in the company for more than three years and have deep feelings; Since last year, due to the sudden change of market situation, the company's situation has turned sharply; I feel sorry at this stage, but I have to face the reality and find a stage where I can give full play to my abilities.

Why do you want to apply for the purchasing position? What do you think is the difference between this position and other positions?

A: "I spent a lot of time thinking about the possibilities of various careers. I think this job suits me best, because I am good at many skills required in this job. For example,

39. What is your salary requirement?

Answer mode 1: If you haven't fully expressed your self-worth, the interviewer will ask you this question. You may wish to refer to the following answers:

"Money is not the only thing I care about. If you allow me, I'd like to talk about my contribution to your company first. " "I have no rigid requirements for salary. I believe your company will handle my problem in a friendly and reasonable way. I focus on finding suitable job opportunities, so as long as the conditions are fair, I won't care too much. "

Answer template 2: If you have made clear the importance of the position, but the other party still tells you that the reward for you is the best. You might as well point out that the nature of its work actually deserves you to get higher pay; Explain how you will try to reduce the company's expenses; Explain what expenses to bear in the work. Prove your value to the company and show that your demand for higher salary is based on your performance. But if the other party is unwilling to compromise, don't let the employer rule out your consideration until you get a positive job reply. You can ask,' Have you decided to hire me?' ? "If the answer is yes, but the reward makes you unwilling to accept it, you can refuse it like this:

"Thank you for providing me with job opportunities. I really want this position, but the salary is lower than I want, which is one of the reasons why I can't accept this job. Maybe you will reconsider, or wait for a job that will make me more valuable to you in the future. "

40. A supplier raises the price of a material it supplies, and the price increase range is in line with the market situation. What aspects should buyers analyze the price from? What should the buyer do?

Answer: Do a complete market survey, verify the price, understand the market, and ask the manufacturers to re-list the cost analysis table, conduct reasonable discussions, and make corresponding price adjustments; It is also agreed that when the price falls back, the price corresponding to the original price or market price should be adjusted back. In the long run, it is necessary to find more alternative new materials to reduce costs and ask for engineering assistance.

4 1. If your company needs a material purchased overseas, but the delivery time is too long, in order to ensure production, you can buy similar materials at home, but the price is very high. How do you handle this situation?

A: First of all, I will try my best to negotiate the lowest agent price with suppliers, and then make a formal table of the overseas price of this kind of materials and the agent price of domestic suppliers (the price negotiated with suppliers) for the sales department to communicate with customers. If the price is low, we will ask the guests to consider whether it is possible to delay the delivery to meet the material procurement and production delivery dates. If the guest chooses a high price and the delivery date is accurate, we can do it according to the guest's way, so as to protect our own interests, and it is possible that the company will not suffer!

42, what is the focus of the procurement staff's daily work?

A: develop, maintain and evaluate suppliers; Procurement contract negotiation; Price evaluation; Develop and continuously improve the procurement process; Quality requirements and standardized management of purchased materials and many other aspects. What is the focus of purchasing? Buy the goods the company needs at the right time and at the right price.

43. How to maintain your own database in procurement?

A: The information of suppliers and commodities should be updated in time. Such as purchase unit price, minimum order quantity, delivery method, supplier account number, address and telephone contact person, etc. , should be modified in a timely manner, and must be confirmed by the leadership before modification.

44. What is the procurement process and what are the names of relevant documents?

Answer: Receiving purchase plan-inquiry and negotiation-placing purchase order-review-follow-up-receipt-payment-return. Relevant documents include: purchase requisition, purchase order, inquiry, purchase order, etc.

45. What are the main factors of the purchase contract?

Answer: Quantity, unit price, payment method (including tax point), delivery place and mode of transportation, delivery date, inspection standard, and signature review.

46. Evaluate the quality that a supplier should possess?

Answer: Provide appropriate quality, sufficient quantity and punctual delivery, reasonable price and enthusiastic service.

47. What are the items evaluated by suppliers?

A: Performance of general operating conditions B, manufacturing capability C, technical capability D, management capability E and quality capability.

48. Are you confused when you are doing purchasing?

A: How much profit does the supplier have on the price of the product?

49. What is the procurement 5R management?

Answer: the right supplier, the right quality, the right time, the right price and the right quantity.

50. What are the problems in procurement management?

A: The shortage of traditional supplier management, the traditional relationship between supply and demand, and the traditional procurement cost.

5 1. How to establish a good supplier management system?

Answer: 1 Select suppliers correctly. 2. Scientifically evaluate the performance of suppliers. 3. Maintain moderate competition among suppliers. 4. Establish strategic partnership with suppliers.

52. How does the purchasing supervisor evaluate the buyer?

A: Nine major items: work quality, workload, knowledge about specific work, cooperation, trustworthiness, initiative, accuracy, adaptability and attitude.

53. How to reduce the procurement cost?

Answer: 1, design optimization method.

2. Cost accounting methods

3. Analogy price reduction method

4. Bidding method

5. Scale effect method

6. Domestic price reduction methods

54. What are the qualification requirements of procurement practitioners?

Answer: 1 Comprehensive knowledge 2 Technology and knowledge involved in purchasing objects (commodities) 3 Market analysis and judgment technology 4 Purchasing technology 5 Knowledge and technology of contracting out and performance acceptance 6 Government procurement management technology and knowledge.

55. What will affect the procurement work?

Answer: A. Production scheduling is often unable to continue because of lack of materials. B Some suppliers don't deliver on time because they don't have enough time to prepare raw materials or the quality is unstable.

For example, urgently needed materials are easily rushed to the factory, resulting in quality problems. C. materials cannot be imported into the factory in time for shipment. D inaccurate inventory data is also a major cause of material shortage. E. The purchase lead time is inaccurate, and the plan often cannot guarantee the delivery date of the confirmed sales order.

56. How many kinds of VAT invoices are there?

Answer: 17%6%4%* Not commonly used. Actually, what is 3%? Check it yourself.

57. What would you do if the supplier gave you a kickback?

A: There are many answers for your reference. Of course, it will be very exciting to give a large rebate, but it is illegal to refund the benefits. If you accept the kickback, you can't manage this supplier, and you will certainly take advantage of other people's shortcomings. Even if he has quality problems, you won't handle them well. In the end, you may lose your wife and your job, so you may change companies. People you know, they must know the reason for your resignation, and they may even have no hope of working, so they refuse to withdraw their wages.

58. What is the relationship between the buyer and the supplier?

A: Cooperation and exchange of mutual assistance and mutual trust can increase each other's benefits and reduce each other's losses.

59, procurement management, what are the relevant quality records?

Answer: Design, inspection, test, investigation, audit and review are important evidences to prove that the quality system meets the specified requirements and operates effectively, and should be preserved.

60. What are the factors that affect delivery in procurement?

Answer: A. Financial problems of the enterprise, such as claims settlement, increase of various management expenses and frequent returns. B the warehouse data is not allowed to know the shortage temporarily. C. production scheduling problems such as inserting orders, adding orders, canceling orders, etc. D. supplier problems such as suppliers knowing that they can't meet your delivery date, but in order to receive your orders. And he changed the supplier, modified the mold, adjusted the process, changed the design, changed the materials and so on. Without informing the buyer. E. poor delivery quality. First, the quality description is unclear. Second, there is something wrong with the quality data (such as the old version). F. Procurement has problems in supplier data management. If the supplier's delivery point, mode of transportation, supplier account number, address and contact person are inaccurate, the delivery time will be inaccurate. As for how to improve, only you can answer according to your own experience.

6 1. What is the relationship between the buyer and various departments within the company?

A: The relationship of communication, coordination, mutual assistance and cooperation.

What is purchasing? It refers to the purchase of goods and services through exchange, so as to obtain resources of appropriate quality and quantity at appropriate time, place and price for enterprise operation.

Necessary abilities of buyers: cost awareness and value analysis ability, forecasting ability, expression ability, good interpersonal communication and coordination ability, and professional knowledge.

What is a good buyer? A buyer should have a reasonable purchasing plan, abide by the 5R principle, select a suitable supplier, and add it to the management to continuously improve. Reduce the procurement cost without affecting the normal production of enterprises.

Responsibilities of the buyer: purchase plan and demand confirmation, supplier selection and management, purchase quantity control, purchase quality control, purchase price control, delivery time control, purchase cost control, purchase contract management and purchase record management.

Procurement process: information collection, inquiry, price comparison, negotiation, evaluation, sample application, decision-making, purchase requisition, ordering, coordination and communication, expediting, incoming inspection and collection, and payment arrangement.

Calculation of purchase quantity: quantity to be purchased in this period = production demand in this period+planned inventory at the end of this period-estimated inventory in the previous period-purchased inventory in the previous period.

How to reduce the procurement cost reasonably: make a reasonable procurement plan in advance, inquire about the current market situation, and master the factors and events that affect the cost. Find many qualified manufacturers to quote, make the bottom price or budget, and use bargaining skills. Afterwards, choose the manufacturer with the right price to sign the contract, and use the quantity or cash discount.

The composition of purchase price: supplier's cost, specification and quality, supply and demand of purchased materials, production season and purchasing opportunity, delivery terms and payment terms.

Cost composition of outsourced goods: engineering or manufacturing methods, required special tools and equipment, direct and indirect material costs, direct and indirect labor costs, manufacturing costs or outsourcing costs, marketing costs, taxes and profits.

What is the right price: the highest goal of purchasing price should be to reach the right price. The buyer must analyze the quality and price changes of materials according to the purchasing demand and market conditions, and choose high-quality and cheap materials for purchasing.

How to judge whether the purchase price is reasonable: conduct cost analysis, price analysis, market research, and quotations from many manufacturers.

How to find suppliers: make use of existing information, solicit in public, introduce by peers, read professional publications, associations or procurement consulting companies, and participate in product exhibitions.

Supplier classification: raw material suppliers, small service suppliers and temporary suppliers.

Criteria for qualified suppliers: excellent enterprise leaders, high-quality managers, stable employees, good machinery and equipment, good technology and good management system.

How to analyze suppliers: price, quality, service, location, inventory policy, flexibility.

What you should pay attention to is the knowledge of supplier management, bargaining and exception handling.