Introduction and detailed information of Xijiang

Water system composition Statistical table of hydrological characteristic values ??of the Xijiang River system River name level length (km) Representative station name Watershed area (square kilometers) Average runoff depth (mm) Average annual runoff volume (billion cubic meters) Maximum Annual runoff (billion cubic meters) Xijiang Main 1867 Wuzhou 329700 640 2240 3470 Xunjiang Main Dahuang River Estuary 640.1 1860 2550 Qianjiang Main 121 Wuxuan 198005 656.3 1350 1910 Hongshuihe Main 659 Qianjiang 137760 543 696 1030 Nanpan River 915 Tian'e 56177 386 510 733 Qingshuihe 1 187 Zouwei 4169 976.2 17.4 24.3 Liujiang 1 773 Liuzhou 57173 871 410 589 Longjiang 2 367 Sancha 16449 190 127 196 Luoqingjiang 2 275 Duiting 7592 1190 79.8 117 Yujiang 1 1179 Guigang 90656 553.7 479 772 Yongjiang 1 54 Nanning 566.9 418 678 Youjiang 1 707 Xiayan 38612 446 145 246 Zuojiang 2 539 Laituan 31595 636 174 267 Heishui River 3 192 Na'an 6660 710 25.9 47.6 Guijiang 1 426 Majiang 19288 1033 175 254 He River 1 320 Xindu 9050 1000 64.4 121

Xijiang, known as Yushui, Langshui and Zangdajiang in ancient times, is the largest water system in the Pearl River Basin. Originating from the eastern foothills of Maxiong Mountain, the remnant vein of Wumeng Mountain in Qujing City, Yunnan Province, it flows through the four provinces (regions) of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Guangdong, and ends at Sixianjiao, Sanshui, Guangdong, where it meets the Dongjiang River and Beijiang River, and is collectively known as the Pearl River Delta. The Pearl River flows into the South China Sea at Modaomen. The total length from the main stream of the Xijiang River to Sixianjiao in Sanshui County is 2,075 kilometers, with a drainage area of ??353,100 square kilometers.

The Xijiang River in the Pearl River Basin historically refers to the lower reaches of the modern Xijiang River, that is, the section from Wuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to Sixianjiao River, Sanshui District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. The Xijiang River in the modern geographical sense refers to the entire river section from the source of the Pearl River to Sixianjiao, Sanshui District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. Among them, the Nanpan River and Hongshui River are the upper reaches of the Xijiang River, the Qianjiang River and the Xunjiang River are the middle reaches, the lower reaches of Wuzhou are the lower reaches, and the lower reaches of Modaomen in Zhuhai City are the estuary section.

The main stream of the Xijiang River and its tributaries, sources, and lakes form the Xijiang water system. The Xijiang water system and the geographical elements within its catchment area are collectively referred to as the Xijiang Basin.

The Xijiang River has a long history, and each section of the main stream has had different names in history. Today, the area above Zhuanxiang Village in Wangmo County, Guizhou Province is called Nanpanjiang River, and the area below to Shilong Town in Xiangzhou County, Guangxi Province is called Hongshui River. From Shilong Town to Guiping City, it is called Qianjiang River. From Guiping City to Wuzhou City, it is called Xunjiang River. Wuzhou City It was first called Xijiang when it reached Sixianjiao, Sanshui District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. Nanpanjiang River Section

Mainstream

The Nanpanjiang River in the upper reaches of the Xijiang River was called Wenshui or Panjiang in ancient times. It originated from the Wumeng Mountain Yu in Qujing City, Yunnan Province. The pulse is located at the eastern foot of Maxiong Mountain. In August 1985, the Pearl River Water Conservancy Commission, together with the water conservancy (hydropower) departments of the four provinces and autonomous regions of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Guangdong, and local administrative leaders, held a source-fixing monument erecting ceremony next to the "water cave" at the source of the Pearl River.

From the source of the Pearl River to the confluence of the Beipan River, that is, the Shuangjiang Estuary of Zhanxiang Village, Wangmo County, Guizhou Province, the total length is 914 kilometers. The average slope of the river is 1.74‰, and the drainage area is 56,809 square kilometers. Among them, 5,548 square kilometers are in Guangxi, 7,713 square kilometers are in Guizhou, and 43,548 square kilometers are in Yunnan. Nanpanjiang River is about 11 kilometers long from the mouth of Qingshui River in Xilin County, Guangxi to the mouth of Huangni River in Xinzhai, Luoping County, Yunnan Province. It is the boundary river between Guangxi and Yunnan; it is about 263 kilometers long from Xinzhai to Zhuexiang, which is the boundary river between Guangxi and Guizhou. The total length of the two is 274 kilometers, flowing through Xilin, Longlin, Tianlin, Leye and other counties in Guangxi. The middle and lower reaches of the Nanpan River are 50 to 100 meters wide, with large longitudinal slopes, fast currents, and many beach hazards. The river section from Badazhang in Xingyi County, Guizhou to the mouth of Zhuexiang Shuangjiang River in Wangmo County, Guizhou is 190 kilometers long. It is mostly a "V" shaped canyon with 91 rapids and falls.

Among them, the 14.5-kilometer stretch of Leigongtan has a drop of 181 meters.

Hydrology

The natural annual runoff of the North and South Panjiang Rivers is 38.5 billion cubic meters, of which the Beipanjiang River is 14.3 billion cubic meters (its drainage area is 26,504 square kilometers).

Tributaries

Nanpanjiang River has 44 first-level tributaries with drainage areas of more than 100 square kilometers. Among them, 8 rivers flow in from Guangxi, the largest is the Xinzhou River, that is, the Longlin River, with a drainage area of ??924 square kilometers and a river length of 78 kilometers. Qingshui River, the boundary river between Xilin County and Yunnan Province, is the second largest tributary of Nanpan River. It has a drainage area of ??5,376 square kilometers and a river length of 181 kilometers. Most of the area is in Yunnan, and a small section of its downstream reaches Guangxi. Hongshui River Section

Trunks and tributaries

Nanpan River meets Beipan River in Zhuanxiang Village. The following river section is called Hongshui River because of its turbid water quality and red color. It got its name. In ancient times, it was called Zangda River, Wenshui River and Dunijiang River. The Hongshui River is 659 kilometers long from Shuangjiangkou, Zhanxiang Village, Wangmo County, Guizhou Province to Sanjiangkou, Shilong Town, Xiangzhou County, Guangxi Province. The catchment area below Beipanjiang River is 54,406 square kilometers, of which 38,562 square kilometers are in Guangxi and Guizhou. 15,844 square kilometers. The basin area above Sanjiangkou (including the South and North Panjiang Rivers) is 137,719 square kilometers, including 44,110 square kilometers in Guangxi, 48,950 square kilometers in Yunnan, and 44,659 square kilometers in Guizhou.

The entire stretch of the Hongshui River has 29 first-class tributaries with a drainage area of ??more than 100 square kilometers, including 11 with a drainage area of ??more than 1,000 square kilometers (including Beipanjiang River); Among the tributaries, 22 have a drainage area of ??more than 100 square kilometers, of which 8 have a drainage area of ??more than 1,000 square kilometers (excluding Niuhe River, part of the Niuhe River Basin is in Guangxi).

The Hongshui River flows through Leye, Tian'e, Nandan, Donglan, Bama, Dahua, Du'an, Mashan, Xincheng, Heshan, Laibin, Xiangzhou and other counties (autonomous counties) in Guangxi. ), city, where Liujiang River flows into Sanjiangkou, Shilong Town, Xiangzhou County. The 107.5-kilometer stretch from the mouth of Zhuexiang Shuangjiang River to the mouth of Niuhe River (Caodu River) is the boundary river between Guangxi and Guizhou.

Beipanjiang River, Lianjiang River, Niuhe River (Caodu River) and others in Guizhou merge into it from the left bank. The lower section of Niuhe River is also the boundary river between Guangxi and Guizhou.

After the Hongshui River completely enters Guangxi, the Buliu River (with a basin area of ??3,418 square kilometers and a river length of 172 kilometers) joins from the right bank in Banai Village, Tian'e County. Above Tian'e County, the Hongshui River flows through the canyon area. The narrow part of the river bed is only 50 to 60 meters, and the narrowest Dashali Beach is only 30 meters. The widest point is only 200~300 meters; there are many shoals, the shallowest point is less than 1 meter deep in dry season, and the slow-flowing deep pools can reach 30 meters deep.

To Wuai Town, Nandan County, the Nandan River (also known as Qingshui River, with a drainage area of ??1,020 square kilometers and a river length of 91 kilometers) merges into it from the left bank.

To Bama Yao Autonomous County, the Panyang River (also known as Cifu River, with a drainage area of ??2,550 square kilometers and a river length of 137 kilometers) merges into it from the right bank. The lower reaches of the river mouth are Yantan Canyon. Construction of Yantan Hydropower Station began here in October 1983. Coming out of the Yantan Canyon, the Lingqi River (also known as the Lingqi River or Liangqi River, with a basin area of ??1,930 square kilometers and a river length of 137 kilometers) merges into the right bank at Dengyou Village. Further down, the Pingzhi River (that is, reaching the Hongjiang River, with a basin area of ??1198 square kilometers and a river length of 75 kilometers) merges into the right bank after a period of undercurrent downstream.

In Dahua Yao Autonomous County, the first phase of the Dahua Power Station project, with a total installed capacity of 400,000 kilowatts, was completed in 1985. Near the Nahao Shipyard in Baiwang Township, Du'an Yao Autonomous County, the Diao River (also known as the Yi River, with a basin area of ??3,269 square kilometers and a river length of 237 kilometers) merges into the left bank. 20 kilometers below the mouth of the Diaojiang River and upstream of Hongdu in Xincheng County is the Ertan Power Station. The first phase of the project has an installed capacity of 60,000 kilowatts and was completed in 1981. Downstream of Qianjiang Town in Laibin County, the Qingshui River originating from Shanglin County (with a basin area of ??3,992 square kilometers and a river length of 189 kilometers) merges into the right bank. Near Modong Village, Qiaogong Town, Laibin City, Beizhijiang River (also known as Qingshui River, with a basin area of ??1,526 square kilometers and a river length of 101 kilometers) merges into the left bank. The Hongshui River below Tian'e County is about 200 meters wide, with steep river banks and a depth of 60 to 100 meters. The river bed is composed of rocks and is relatively stable; although sandbars are rare, there are still many shoals.

There are 273 rapids and falls in Hongshui River.

Hydrology

Since there are often springs on both sides of the river channel and underground rivers that sneak into the ground to drain the Hongshui River to replenish water, the flow rate is stable during the dry season. Carbonate rocks are widely distributed in the lower section of Nanpanjiang River and the middle and lower reaches of Hongshui River, karst is developed, and there are many underground rivers and springs. There are 38 proven underground rivers in Du'an Yao Autonomous County alone, plus 99 tributaries. The flow rate in the dry season is 19.5 cubic meters per second, all of which drain into the Hongshui River.

According to statistics from Qianjiang Station, the average annual runoff over the years is 69.53 billion cubic meters, with the maximum in 1968 of 103 billion cubic meters, which is 2.7 times the 38.5 billion cubic meters in 1963. The coefficient of variation of multi-year flow rate is 0.29. Among the multi-year average monthly runoff, May to October accounted for 3.2% of the annual runoff, June to September accounted for 68.0% of the annual runoff, June, July and August accounted for 15.4%, 20.3% and 20.3% of the annual runoff respectively. 19.5%. Qianjiang River Section

Mainstream

The Liujiang River, a tributary on the left side of the Hongshui River, merges into the Hongshui River and is called the Qianjiang River. In ancient times, Qianjiang River was called Tanshui, Lianshui, Qianshui, Liushui or Dadengjiang River. The Qianjiang River is 122 kilometers long from the mouth of Sanjiang River to the mouth of Yujiang River in Guiping City. The average slope of the river is 0.0625‰. The catchment area of ??the interval (excluding Liujiang River) is 2561 square kilometers. There are first-class river basins with a drainage area of ??more than 100 square kilometers. There are 6 tributaries (excluding Liujiang River). The basin area above the mouth of Xijiang River and Yujiang River is 198,678 square kilometers, of which 88,715 square kilometers are in Guangxi, 48,950 square kilometers are in Yunnan, 60,357 square kilometers are in Guizhou, and 656 square kilometers are in Hunan. The Qianjiang River section flows through two counties and cities, Wuxuan and Guiping, and joins the Yujiang River, a tributary flowing from the right, at Sanjiaozui in Guiping City. The river channel in the Qianjiang River section is narrow and winding, with 29 beach hazards. Among them, from Lema to Nutan is the famous Dadeng Gorge, which is 44 kilometers long and has 10 beach hazards. The current is turbulent and navigation is very difficult and dangerous. The deepest pool in the canyon reaches 85 meters, which is below the sea level.

Tributaries

In addition to the Liujiang River, the main tributaries of the Qianjiang River include the Xinjiang River, Haojiang River, Wangcun River, Wulaishui, Dongxiang River, Malai River (Huang Laishui), etc. Laihe River is relatively large (basin area 471 square kilometers, river length 80 kilometers). The total length of the six tributaries is 395 kilometers, the drainage area is 1,794 square kilometers, and the annual runoff is about 1.3 billion cubic meters. In addition, there are 6 underground rivers including Shangqiao, Silong, Sanli, Longcong, Wangcun and Shangtang, with a total length of 45.5 kilometers and a flow rate of 1.24 cubic meters per second in dry periods.

Hydrology

According to statistics from the main stream Wuxuan Hydrological Station, the multi-year average runoff is 134.91 billion cubic meters, of which the runoff from May to October accounts for 80% of the annual runoff. The runoff in August accounts for 64.5% of the annual runoff, and the runoff from June to July accounts for 37.3% of the annual runoff. It can be seen that the annual distribution of runoff in the Qianjiang River and Hongshui River sections is different. This is due to the influence of the Liujiang River, a large tributary that is mainly supplied by precipitation in the pre-flood season. The coefficient of variation of annual runoff is 0.21, and the measured maximum annual runoff is 191 billion cubic meters (1968), which is 2.8 times the minimum annual runoff of 68.9 billion cubic meters (1963). Xunjiang River Section

Mainstream

Yujiang, a tributary on the right side of the Xijiang River, merges into the Qianjiang River and is called the Xunjiang River. The Xunjiang River is 172 kilometers long from the entrance of Yujiang River to the confluence of Guijiang River in Wuzhou City. It flows through Guiping City, Pingnan County, Teng County, Cangwu County and other counties and cities and Wuzhou City. The river surface is wide, ranging from 340 to 2600. meters, with an average of 750 meters. The narrowest point of the river is in Longtan Gorge, and the width of the dry water surface is only 30 meters. The widest point is 2,660 meters in Sihuazhou Island upstream of Wuzhou City. The water depth is 3~50 meters, the deepest is 68 meters in Baima Gorge; the shallowest is 1.6 meters in Longzhao Langtan. There are 12 dangerous shoals between Guiping City and Mengjiang Town. From Mengjiang Town to Wuzhou City, there are many mountains and 6 shoals on both sides.

Tributaries

The catchment area of ??the main stream below the Yujiang mouth of the Xunjiang River is 20,236 square kilometers. In addition to the tributary Yujiang, there are Shepo River (Shihe), Dahuangjiang River, Siwang River, etc. There are 17 first-class tributaries with a drainage area of ??more than 100 square kilometers, including Beiliu River (with a drainage area of ??9,359 square kilometers and a river length of 259 kilometers), Mengjiang River (with a drainage area of ??3,895 square kilometers and a river length of 189 kilometers), and Baisha River (with a drainage area of ??3,895 square kilometers and a river length of 189 kilometers). Area of ??1155 square kilometers, river length of 102 kilometers) and other river basin areas are greater than 1000 square kilometers. After the Guijiang River merges into Wuzhou City, it is called Xijiang River. The basin area above the mouth of Xijiang and Guijiang River is 308,271 square kilometers, of which 58,673 square kilometers are in Yunnan, 60,357 square kilometers in Guizhou, 656 square kilometers in Hunan, 11,579 square kilometers in Vietnam, 175,412 square kilometers in Guangxi, and 1,594 square kilometers in Guangdong.

Hydrology

According to data from the Dahuang River Estuary Hydrological Station, the multi-year average runoff is 186.01 billion cubic meters (excluding the flood volume of Ganwang Waterway), and the measured maximum annual runoff is 2640 billion cubic meters (1947), which is 2.9 times the minimum annual runoff of 91.5 billion cubic meters (1963), and the coefficient of variation of the annual runoff is 0.21. The runoff from May to October accounts for 81.4% of the annual runoff, and the runoff from June to September accounts for 65.1% of the annual runoff. Due to the confluence of the large tributary Yujiang River, the monthly distribution situation is different from that of Wuxuan Station. Xijiang River Section

Overview of the main stream

After the Guijiang River merges into the Xunjiang River, it is called the Xijiang River. The Xijiang River leaves Wuzhou City in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and enters the territory of Guangdong Province. The length of the river in Guangxi is only 13 kilometers. The Xijiang River enters the Pearl River Delta at Sixianjiao, Sanshui County, Guangdong Province. From the mouth of the Guijiang River to the west mouth of Sixianjiao, the river length is 208 kilometers, with an average gradient of 0.086‰. The main stream of the Xijiang River above Sixianjiao is 2,075 kilometers long, with a total basin area of ??352,085 square kilometers, of which 202,081 square kilometers are in Guangxi, accounting for the total 57.4% of the area; 60,357 square kilometers in Guizhou Province, accounting for 17.1% of the total area; 58,673 square kilometers in Yunnan Province, accounting for 16.7% of the total area; 17,964 square kilometers in Guangdong Province, accounting for 5.1% of the total area; within Hunan Province 1,431 square kilometers, accounting for 0.4% of the total area; Vietnam has 11,579 square kilometers, accounting for 3.3% of the total area. After the Xijiang River enters the Pearl River Delta, it mixes with the Beijiang River and other water systems. Its main channel flows into the South China Sea at Modaomen, Zhuhai City, so the total length of the Xijiang River is 2,214 kilometers. This is the length of the Pearl River, ranking fourth among the seven major rivers in China.

Main tributaries

The main tributaries are: Guijiang River, Hejiang River, Luoding River, Xinxing River, etc.

Guijiang River has a drainage area of ??18,729 square kilometers and a river length of 438 kilometers. It flows through Xing'an County, Lingchuan County, Guilin City, Yangshuo County, Pingle County, Zhaoping County, Cangwu County, Wuzhou City, and merges into the Xijiang River in Wuzhou City.

Hejiang River has a drainage area of ??11,599 square kilometers and a river length of 338 kilometers. Its upper reaches are in Guangxi and enters the Xijiang River from the left bank at Jiangkou Town, Fengkai County, Guangdong Province.

The Luoding River has a drainage area of ??4,493 square kilometers, a river length of 201 kilometers, and an average annual sediment load of 1.63 million tons. The upstream has beautiful natural scenery, but it is also one of the rivers with the largest soil erosion in Guangdong Province. Luoding River is located on the right bank of Xijiang River. It originates from Jilongding in Xinyi City, Guangdong Province, flows through Luoding City and Yunan County, and merges into Xijiang River in Yunan County. It is named because it flows longest through Luoding City.

The Xinxing River is located on the right bank of the Xijiang River. It originates from Tianlu Mountain in Enping City, Guangdong, flows through Xinxing County and Gaoyao District, and merges into the Xijiang River in Gaoyao District. The basin area is 2,355 square kilometers and the river length is 145 kilometers

Hydrology and Hydropower

The natural runoff of the Pearl River Basin is 336 billion cubic meters per year, and the entire basin area is 453,690 square kilometers (including Vietnam Part), the annual runoff depth is 740.6 mm. Wuzhou Station, the control measuring station in Guangxi in the Xijiang River section, was established in 1900 (measured flow data has been available since 1915). The control area is 327,006 square kilometers, accounting for 92.9% of the Xijiang River Basin area. The measured multi-year average runoff at the Wuzhou Hydrological Station is 219.9 billion cubic meters, accounting for 95.6% of the 230 billion cubic meters of annual runoff above Sixianjiao in the Xijiang River.

The maximum annual runoff is 347 billion cubic meters (1915), which is 3.2 times the minimum annual runoff of 107 billion cubic meters (1963). The coefficient of variation of multi-year statistics is 0.21. The distribution of runoff in each month of the year is listed in Table 1-6. It is similar to the changes at Dahuangjiangkou Station, but is also affected by the inflow of Guijiang River. The runoff from May to October accounts for 81.2% of the annual runoff, and the runoff from May to August accounts for 81.2% of the annual runoff. The monthly runoff accounts for 64.2% of the annual runoff.

Xijiang is rich in hydropower resources. According to the 1979 Hydropower Census, the theoretical reserves are 29.43 million kilowatts and the developable installed capacity is 21.6 million kilowatts. They are mainly distributed in the middle and upper reaches, especially between the main stream Tianshengqiao and Dadeng Gorge. The total installed capacity of the hydropower stations that may be built in the Hongshui River and Qianjiang River sections of the Nanpan River is about 15 million kilowatts, with an average annual power generation of 60 billion kilowatt hours, and the development conditions are excellent. It is the ideal choice for the development of the four provinces (regions) of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong Economic and extremely valuable energy; the huge reservoir of the hydropower station can also regulate and store flood and low flow, reduce downstream flood disasters, increase low water flow, and improve the utilization rate of water resources. The main stream of the Xijiang River is an important waterway connecting Guangdong and Guangxi, and can navigate ships with a carrying capacity of 500 tons. Geological formation

The main stream of the Xijiang River and its major tributaries began to develop after the Yanshan Movement in the Cretaceous period about 100 million years ago. The Tertiary Himalayan movement 30 million years ago uplifted the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The inland lake basins in the region gradually connected with the main waterways of the Xijiang River system. At the same time, the main streams Nanpanjiang River, Hongshui River and their tributaries Beipanjiang and Liujiang eroded down the slopes of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. , forming many canyons, rapids and dangerous shoals. The middle and upper reaches of the Xijiang River form deeply depressed strip valleys, while the north and south sides are affected by the uplift of the ground, forming tributaries of the Qianjiang River and the Xunjiang River; the uplift of Darong Mountain and the rise of the Guangxi Basin, Wuzhou Gorge The mouth was cut, allowing the middle reaches of the Xijiang River to communicate with the lower reaches, gradually forming the Xijiang water system.

In ancient times, the Xijiang River had three forks from Sanrong Gorge to Mugang on the outskirts of Zhaoqing. Some drained water through a series of depressions; there were ancient river channels from Zhaoqing and Guangli to Dasha in Sihui County; South of Songlong on the south bank can lead to the ancient river channels of Jinli Water and Gaoming River. After the Song Dynasty, due to river siltation and embankment construction, the above-mentioned river forks disappeared and the main trunk of the Xijiang River was formed. Hydropower Development

The Xijiang River has abundant water, second only to the Yangtze River among the major rivers in the country. The average annual runoff of Guangdong Gaoyao Station is 221.5 billion cubic meters, of which the passenger water volume from Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and other provinces (regions) is 216 billion square meters per year, providing Guangdong with abundant water resources. It was measured that the maximum flood peak flow in Wuzhou (with a catchment area of ??329,700 square kilometers) in 1915 reached 54,500 cubic meters per second, causing flooding in the low-lying areas on both sides of the Xunjiang River and the Xijiang River. The lower reaches of the Xijiang River and the Northwest River Delta below Sanrong Gorge Disasters are most severe in the region. The Xijiang River is rich in water resources. According to the 1979 Hydropower Census, the theoretical reserves are 29.43 million kilowatts and the developable installed capacity is 21.6 million kilowatts. They are mainly distributed in the middle and upper reaches, especially the Nanpan River Hongshui River and Qianjiang River between the main stream Tianshengqiao and Dadeng Gorge. In the river section, the total installed capacity of the hydropower stations that may be built is about 15 million kilowatts, with an average annual power generation of 60 billion kilowatt hours, and the development conditions are excellent. It is an extremely valuable energy source for the economic development of the four provinces (regions) of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong; The huge reservoir of the hydropower station can also regulate and store flood and low flow, reduce downstream flood disasters, increase low water flow, and improve water resource utilization.

By the beginning of the 21st century, the hydropower projects that have been completed, under construction or planned are:

Tianshengqiao Hydropower Station is located on the Nanpan River at the junction of Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces (regions). On the main stream, it is an important power source for the key construction projects of the national "Eighth Five-Year Plan" and the "West-to-East Power Transmission" strategy. The project is divided into first and second levels of construction. Among them, the Tianshengqiao I Hydropower Station is the "leading power station" among the ten cascade power stations planned to be developed on the Hongshui River by the state. The power station is equipped with four 300MW hydroelectric generator units, with a total installed capacity of 1,200MW and a designed annual power generation of 5.226 billion KW.h. Construction of the power station started in June 1991. After the river was closed at the end of 1994, the Tianshengqiao I Hydropower Station Dam formed a large reservoir in the Tianshengqiao Grand Canyon with a water surface area of ??176 square kilometers, a storage capacity of 10.26 billion cubic meters, and a backwater of 140 kilometers. The reservoir dam structure is a concrete face rockfill dam. The dam is 178 meters high, the dam bottom is 507.4 meters long, the dam crest is 1137 meters long and 12 meters wide. Its rockfill volume, concrete face area and other indicators are all of the same type of dam. No. 1 in the world.

The spillway is the largest bank slope spillway in the country. The first unit was put into operation in December 1998, and all four units were put into operation in December 2000. All four units achieved production standards. As of December 31, 2008, the Tianshengqiao I Hydropower Station had been in safe production for 2,271 consecutive days, generating a total of nearly 43 billion KW.h of electricity.

The Tianshengqiao II Hydropower Station is located on the lower reaches of the main stream of the Nanpan River, about 7 kilometers away from the Tianshengqiao I Hydropower Station. The total installed capacity of the power station is 1.32 million kW, with an average annual power generation of 8.2 billion kW·h. The project started in 1980, the river was closed in 1985, and the first unit generated electricity in December 1992. All were put into production in 1997. Over the past ten years since it was put into operation, the Tianshengqiao II Hydropower Station has generated more than 90 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity and paid nearly 2 billion yuan in taxes.

The Dadengxia Water Conservancy Project is located at the exit of the Dadengxia Canyon on the main stream of the Qianjiang River in the Xijiang River System of the Pearl River Basin. The project focuses on flood control, shipping, power generation, and water resource allocation, combined with irrigation and other comprehensive utilization. The project has experienced several After ten years of demonstration and coordination, by 2013, the Feasibility Study Report of the Datengxia Water Conservancy Project had been completed and submitted to the National Development and Reform Commission. All special reports and special work of external commissions had been completed. The project had completed the reorganization of the project legal person, and the left bank of Datengxia was dedicated exclusively to the project. The highway construction project is being carried out at an accelerated pace, and preliminary design preparations have been started. The total reservoir capacity of the engineering design is 3.43 billion cubic meters, the installed capacity is 1.6 million kilowatts, and the total investment is more than 31.6 billion yuan. The Ministry, district (province) construction plan is initially considered. Shipping Overview

The main channel of the Xijiang River is 287 kilometers long, with an average river width of about 1,000 meters, and can carry 500-ton ships all year round. There are dozens of large, medium and small inland river ports along the coast, among which Jiangmen, Zhaoqing, Liudu and Rongqi Port are large inland river ports with an annual cargo throughput of more than one million tons. The Xijiang River system is the main artery of water transportation between Guangdong and Guangxi. It plays a huge role in the material exchange and external economic ties between Guangdong and Guangxi. It is the river with the greatest value for inland water transportation in Guangdong. With the development and improvement of the Xijiang water system, the Xijiang River will become another important channel for the export of coal from Guizhou and phosphate rock from southwestern provinces to Guangdong and northern China.

The main ports are: Wuzhou Port

Wuzhou Port is located at the confluence of Guijiang, Xunjiang and Xijiang rivers in Wuzhou City. It strangles the throat of Guangxi's inland water transportation and is known as the "water gateway". Its construction scale is the second largest inland river port in South China after Guangzhou and the largest inland river port in Guangxi. Water transportation to Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao can accommodate 1,000-ton ships throughout the year. After the second phase of Xijiang renovation, the capacity will be increased to 3,000-ton ships. Three container terminals have been built, with an annual throughput capacity of 7 million tons, and more than 50,000 tonnage ships specializing in Hong Kong and Macao routes. Going up the river can lead to Guigang, Nanning, Liuzhou, Guilin and other cities. In 2013, the annual cargo throughput of the port was nearly 400,000 TEU, with a cumulative total of 30.15 million tons, accounting for 28% of the cargo throughput of Guangxi's inland river ports. The port's container throughput accounted for 70% of the container cargo throughput of Guangxi's inland river ports, making it the largest port in Guangxi. The largest inland port container throughput. From then on, Wuzhou Port will improve its ability to connect the river to the sea, carry out renovation of the 3,000-ton channel of the Xijiang River trunk line and the Guijiang River channel, and build the third and fourth-line ship locks of the Changzhou Water Conservancy Hub. Focus on the construction of a number of port terminals such as Chishuiwei Operation Area Phase II, Lijiazhuang Terminal Phase III, China Grain Storage Terminal, Zijin Village Terminal, Tangyuan Comprehensive Terminal, Tengxian Sanpo Terminal, Dongsheng Operation Area Terminal, and Dalikou Terminal. Accelerate the construction of standardized, large-scale, specialized and multi-functional comprehensive transportation ships. By 2015, the port's throughput capacity will reach more than 50 million tons, realizing fast transshipment, water-land, water-water, and water-rail combined transportation. Jiangmen Port

Jiangmen Port was originally located on North Street on both sides of the Pengjiang River and the west bank of the Xijiang River in Jiangmen City. In 1975, Gaosha Port was built in Gaoshawei on the Xijiang River northwest of North Street and opened in July 1977. . It has a quay of 409 meters, 9 berths (8 500-ton class, 1 1,000-ton class), 84 various types of machinery and equipment, a maximum lifting capacity of 30 tons at a time, a bulk cargo storage yard of 20,000 square meters, and a general cargo storage yard. The field is 5960 square meters. There are also 10 warehouses with an area of ??more than 10,000 square meters. The designed annual throughput is 2 million tons. Jiangmen Port is located in Siyi. It connects to important cities such as Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhongshan, and Zhaoqing in the upper part, and connects to Zhanjiang and Qionglei areas in the west. It straddles the strategic transportation hub of Siyi. It is the gateway and material distribution center for overseas Chinese in Siyi. Its geographical location is very important. , with 17 passenger routes connecting directly to Guangzhou, Zhaoqing, Wuzhou, Sanbu, Hong Kong and Macau.

Jiangmen Port is also the transfer point for land and water transport on the southern line of Guanghai, and is busy with passengers and freight. In 1987, Hong Kong completed a cargo throughput of 2.002 million tons, with grain, steel, coal, petroleum, and construction materials as bulk commodities. The annual passenger volume was 1.248 million, making it an important port in Guangdong Province second only to Guangzhou in terms of inland waterway passenger and cargo transportation. Rongqi Port

Rongqi Port is located in the middle of the river network area of ??the Pearl River Delta, in Rongqi Town, 6 kilometers south of Daliang Town. It is located on the main route from Guangzhou to the main stream of the Xijiang River - Rongqi Waterway and Guangzhou ) at the intersection of Zhuhai Highway. It is 68 nautical miles away from Hong Kong by water and is the foreign trade port of Shunde County. Construction of the port began in the 1930s. The current port area starts from Caoyuyongkou and Meijiantou in the east and ends at Magang Granary in the west. It is 6 kilometers long. There are 45 docks and 61 berths along the coast. Most of them can accommodate 500-ton passenger and cargo ships, and a few can handle 1,000-ton barges. . Rongqi Port is located in the center of the most developed economy in the Pearl River Delta, surrounded by cities and counties (cities) such as Zhongshan, Nanhai, Shunde, Xinhui and Panyu whose industrial and agricultural output value ranks among the top six in the province. There are also industrially developed cities such as Foshan and Jiangmen nearby. Shunde County, where the port is located, is also an important economic crop area. The township industry and commodity economy are quite developed, and the passenger and cargo transportation tasks are particularly busy. The freight is mainly grain, sugar, coal, building materials, groceries, etc. The port has an annual throughput of approximately 2 million tons, making it the third largest inland river port after Guangzhou and Jiangmen. It has a passenger terminal and has passenger and cargo routes and liners leading to Guangzhou, Jiangmen, Zhaoqing, Wuzhou, Dongguan and Taiping Ports. It is also an open port, with passenger and cargo ships arriving directly at Hong Kong and Macau every day. With the development of Shunde's economy, the newly built container terminal at Rongqi Port was completed and put into use in 1987. Zhaoqing Port

Zhaoqing Port is located in the south of Zhaoqing City on the main stream of the Xijiang River. It spans the Xijiang Waterway, the Guangzhou-Chengdu Highway (321 National Highway) and the Guangdong-Guangxi (Wuzhou, Yulin) Highway, The transportation hub of the Sanmao Railway is the land and water transfer port in the middle reaches of the Xijiang River. The nearby area is rich in grain, sugar, straw mats, southern medicine and other local products, wood, pyrite ore, and various building materials. Zhaoqing Qixingyan and Dinghu Mountain near the port are famous national scenic spots and tourist areas, and are particularly busy with passenger and cargo transportation. Food, groceries, ores, and building materials are the bulk cargoes, with salt, coal, petroleum, and agricultural and sideline products also accounting for a certain proportion. There are liners from Zhaoqing to Guangzhou, Jiangmen, Ducheng, Wuzhou and other ports. There is direct catamaran fast passenger ferry service with Hong Kong. The port's passenger volume ranks second after Guangzhou, and its cargo volume ranks fourth after Guangzhou, Jiangmen, and Rongqi. Related reports

On July 10, 2019, the Ministry of Water Resources announced: Affected by recent heavy rainfall, at 8 a.m., the water level at the Wuxuan Hydrological Station in Laibin City, the main stream of the middle reaches of the Xijiang River in Guangxi, rose to 55.56 meters, with a corresponding flow of 25,100 cubic meters. / second, according to the Ministry of Water Resources' "National Major River Flood Numbering Regulations", it is the No. 1 flood in Xijiang in 2019.

On June 8, 2020, the water level at Wuzhou Station on the main stream of the Xijiang River in Guangxi rose to 18.54 meters at 0:00 on the 8th, exceeding the warning level by 0.04 meters. It was numbered "Xijiang Flood No. 1 in 2020"