A good teaching method of mathematics in the sixth grade of primary school

Sixth grade mathematics teaching experience exchange materials.

According to my experience as a math teacher for graduating class in recent years, I would like to talk about some suggestions that I think will help improve the math scores of graduating class students:

First, we must first establish a good class style and study style.

Strict discipline is the magic weapon to overcome everything, and good class spirit is the guarantee for students to learn. Good class spirit and style of study can create a suitable atmosphere for the improvement of students' overall learning level. The sixth grade students are in the alternate stage of bidding farewell to childhood and moving towards adolescence. At this stage, we should pay attention to students' psychological changes, and students' subtle psychological changes will affect the learning effect. Usually, we must pay attention to the students' every move, and we can find some "confidants" in the class to understand the situation of some classes. In view of all kinds of problems, I insist on ideological education for students, so that they can understand that the development of society needs all kinds of talents, and constantly motivate them, help them define their goals, build up confidence, summon up courage, and guide students to develop in a good state. For students, it is necessary to be "sensible and sensible." Let students study in a comfortable living environment and a good learning atmosphere.

To establish a good class spirit and style of study, we must first build a harmonious relationship between teachers and students: how to build a harmonious relationship between teachers and students? As teachers, we must be both good teachers and good friends of students.

(1) Love students

As teachers, we must love our students. Teachers' love for students should be selfless, pure and strong. We should try our best to get closer to our children, walk into their hearts and communicate with them sincerely and equally. Usually in my spare time, I will chat with my children and play with them. I have become chess friends with my classmates who love playing chess, and I will often tell them some inspirational stories. I will cheer for them like a child when they tug-of-war. I will make up the lessons that children missed when they were sick according to the weather changes, reminding them to pay attention to their health, and so on. Your words and deeds make students really feel your love. They will also trust you and love you. To love them in life, we must be strict in our study, and love them strictly and properly. After all, students are young and have poor self-control ability, so it is inevitable to go astray. If you indulge blindly, you will be spoiled. When you encounter problems, you must be calm and think of a good way to deal with them. For example, when it is time to be serious, we must be serious. Take an actual case in our class as an example. Some students have poor homework and poor learning attitude, which also affects the study of other students. In view of this situation, the last class in the afternoon is mine. I asked these students to call their parents for a parent-teacher conference. After school, several of them stayed. When the parents came, I asked them to sit next to the children and watch their homework without saying anything. When the children finished writing, parents finally understood why only a few people came. Parents promised to be responsible in the future, and family education kept up. The children promised to take their studies seriously in the future. All the other students were taken away by their parents, but the parents of one child didn't come. It's already dark. I sent him home, and only when I got to his house did I know that the child had no mother, his father was working outside, and there was no school in his hometown, so he rented a house here to go to school, and his elderly grandmother cooked, so the child lacked affection and motivation to learn. Since then, as long as the last class is my class every day, I will let him finish his homework in the classroom and then send him home. Talk to him when you have time and encourage him to be confident. One day I found a note on the desk in the office, which read: Teacher, I will finish my homework carefully at home in the future, and I won't let you worry about it any more. You can leave work early. It turned out that my actions finally affected him. Later, I listened carefully in class and answered questions actively, and my grades improved rapidly. Not only that, he also helped the worst member of his group to take a quiz about his math score of 95, and his classmates got 72 points from 40 to 50. From this case of letting parents accompany their children to do homework, let parents know that the teacher is so responsible for my children. What reason do I have to ignore my children? Let the students know that if you don't study hard and have a bad attitude, the teacher won't accommodate you. At the same time, it really made me understand that as a teacher, your method of dealing with problems is very important. To love a student is to mold a student, and to reject a student is to destroy a student.

(2) Understanding students

To be a good teacher and friend of students, we should really care about and understand students. The children in the graduating class are busy with their studies and have a heavy burden. For several courses, if each teacher arranges a lot of homework in the evening, it is worth thinking about whether the children's homework is of quality and whether they are energetic in class the next day. So I will give students homework every night, basically between 3-5 questions. If the students with fast class time finish, there will be no homework for that night. Here, I appeal to everyone to return the ten minutes between classes to the children. In fact, to be honest, it is really useless to use the lecture time after class to make children get twice the result with half the effort.

(3) Respect students

Treat students equally and don't insult others. Even if the students are wrong, you can persuade education patiently.

(4) Contact and communicate with parents

Family education is very important. Every time I bring a new class, I have to ask the students to fill in the parent contact card first, so as to keep in touch with their parents. Communication with parents can let you know the advantages and disadvantages of children and their hobbies. I can handle some problems in my work easily. Parents have different qualities and cultural attainments. When communicating with parents, we must pay attention to the appropriateness of language, otherwise it will be counterproductive.

Only by properly handling these relations can we build a united and progressive class group. Having such a class is half the success of teaching.

Second, do a good job in teaching and strive to improve teaching efficiency.

(a) Teaching methods should be scientific and improve efficiency.

There are methods in teaching, but there is no fixed method. The key is to find the right method. Teaching methods restrict learning methods and have an important impact on classroom teaching efficiency. I have been working as a math teacher in the graduating class since I went to work. Therefore, when I meet a new class and face a group of completely lovely faces, it is the primary task of education and teaching to know and know the students. We need to understand the differences of students' personality characteristics, knowledge level, basic ability and learning situation, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude in the usual classroom training. For example, in Class 4, Grade 6, which I taught in the first half of the year, through contact with children, I found that most students were unwilling to use their brains, inflexible in thinking, not active in learning, basically no one answered questions in class, poor discipline in class, poor self-control, poor learning motivation and willpower, and poor attention. In class, they are often attracted by some irrelevant stimuli and divert their attention. In view of these situations, my countermeasures in teaching are:

First, low requirements and more training, find out the actual knowledge, foundation, ability and psychological preparation related to learning, put the guidance requirements on the level that you can achieve by your own efforts, and connect the old and new knowledge to form an overall knowledge framework. In class, I pay attention to let students concentrate on training, let students think more and write more. There is a good saying: "Mathematics can only be said to be truly done if you have done it yourself".

Second, design problems are gradient and activities are diversified. According to the reality of students' life, determine the goals that students can achieve, decompose the teaching content into a reasonable level according to the steps from easy to difficult and from simple to complicated, and then proceed in layers to minimize the frequency of setbacks, so that students can make progress step by step and be in an active learning state, thus continuously enhancing their self-confidence in learning. In view of the difference of their basic knowledge level, I design problems from easy to difficult, so that most students have the opportunity to show them. In view of their short attention, I will teach the new lesson first, and then show some carefully selected exercises closely related to the new teaching content of this lesson for students to practice, so as to achieve the effect of combining teaching with practice and applying what they have learned. Because I don't like to think and answer questions, in classroom activities, teachers and students alternate activities in various forms. For example, "Four Percentages of Application-Interest", I use activities such as hands-on operation, group communication, discovering rules, showing students' elegant demeanor, group competition and so on to let students actively participate in the classroom. This not only regulates their attention, but more importantly, students participate in a large number of learning activities, which gives them more opportunities to show, and their ability development is achieved through gradual accumulation.

Third, in the teaching process, pay attention to "three stresses and two stresses": "three stresses" means grasping the key points and difficulties; Emphasis on law and expansion; Talk about the knowledge points that are easy to be confused. "two don't talk" means that you can learn by yourself; I won't talk about it.

Fourth, cooperation and exchange promote results, and the evaluation methods are diversified, and the evaluation results should be implemented. Every group in our class has established a study file. In this file, students' classroom study, after-class performance, homework completion and exam results are evaluated. Every week, I will summarize the scores of everyone and each group according to these sections and publish the results. Not only can you see the group score on the published report card, but you can also see who influenced your group score, which section you lost, and what you should work on next. In order to avoid the error of the team leader's integral, I also have the record of the whole class here, so that the purpose of the team leader's record is to let the students know that this is fair competition, find out the shortcomings of the team members at any time, improve in time and strive for progress. This method embodies strict rewards and punishments. 1 1 The top three students in the group will be rewarded and the last three students will be punished. Rewards can be material rewards, and students can be given certificates, pens or notebooks. You can also give spiritual rewards. You can use the class time to ask the representative of the group leader to talk about how he manages, and the representative of the group member to talk about how he has made progress in his studies and set an example, so that other groups will make up their minds and go hand in hand, making them feel that they must unite to make progress, which will intensify the cohesion of the class. There can also be formal awards, and the class seats are divided into three grades: good, medium and poor. Every time, the first three groups sit well, the middle group sits in the middle, and the last three groups sit badly, which makes students have a strong sense of competition. Through these measures, the group can help each other, unite and cooperate, and the results in the group can be improved, so the results of the whole class will naturally make great progress. In teaching, we should make full use of students' resources and achieve good teaching results with scientific and reasonable organization methods.

(2) Dig deep into textbooks, from thin to thick.

What we are using now is the mathematics textbook published by Beijing Normal University. This textbook seems simple, but it actually covers a wide range of knowledge, examines more knowledge points, and pays more attention to the process and methods of students' answering knowledge. Therefore, we must dig deep into the teaching materials before preparing lessons. For example, there are only four sections in the chapter "Percentage Application Problems" in the eleventh volume of teaching, but in fact we will find a lot of knowledge points in this section. If we want to summarize, we can divide it into seven categories of application problems, and each knowledge is the key point that students need to master and the place that we need to dig. Therefore, in order to get better results in the later review, we must dig deep into our own teaching materials in the usual classroom teaching. The timely supplement of the supplement.

(C) pay attention to oral evaluation to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning

Teachers' evaluation of students' classroom learning behavior is very important to the development of students' learning effect. Teachers' eyes and gestures are all evaluations of students' behavior, but oral evaluation is the most commonly used in classroom teaching. Therefore, classroom oral evaluation must meet the age characteristics and psychological needs of primary school students, adopt enlightening language, do not talk about empty truth, seize the opportunity of evaluation in time, and give evaluation in time according to each student's strengths.

(4) Do a good job in the analysis and feedback of students' test scores.

Quality inspection: I combine classroom inspection with after-class inspection, unit inspection with stage inspection. Timely discovery, timely analysis of teaching and learning, timely feedback, always pay attention to students with learning difficulties, pay attention to their little progress, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and prescribe the right medicine. At ordinary times, we should strengthen the guidance of students' examination papers, write carefully, do problems seriously, and form the habit of standardizing answering questions. Don't get into the habit of reviewing at the end, it's too late. Take quizzes as big exams and big exams as exercises to cultivate students' good psychological adaptability.

Third, after-school homework is less but better.

How to do less but better homework? Specifically, I do this. First of all, we must fully understand the students' learning situation. For example, today's new talk is about "applying four interest rates per cent". In order to consolidate what I have learned, I will give students several questions of this type in my homework, but the students' learning situation is different. Students with poor foundation focus on training their calculation ability and consolidating formulas. Students with higher learning ability will have more difficult homework, for example, they will not only ask for interest according to the principal, but also ask for the principal according to the interest. Students' families with particularly flexible thinking and outstanding achievements have mastered how to raise interest in class, so homework is not so simple and can increase their difficulty. For example, Xiaoming's father plans to deposit 5000 yuan in the bank. There are two ways to deposit it. One is to save for two years with an annual interest rate of 3.06%; The annual interest rate of one-year deposit is 2.52%. When the first year expires, the principal and interest will be withdrawn and deposited for another year. Please help me choose a way to get more interest. Adding such questions can not only consolidate the knowledge learned, but also stimulate students' interest in challenging difficulties. This hierarchical homework not only makes students with poor grades gain something, but also makes students with good grades not perfunctory. There are also questions that students are prone to make mistakes and confusion. You can arrange one every night and stimulate it repeatedly until you understand it. For example, in the process of solving problems, I found that students lost more points in simple calculation and solving equations. I give students two simple calculation and solution equations every day, and the team leader will not be responsible for explaining them. If a team member is wrong, the team leader will be responsible for the problem until he arrives. Homework is basically approved face to face, so that students can correct it face to face in time. Homework should play its due role. I think heavy homework will only accumulate students' dislike of mathematics. They think math is endless and math teachers are inhuman. Therefore, it is counterproductive. Less but better homework can not only reflect the focus of classroom teaching, but also help students to reduce the workload of homework, make them learn math easily, and let them understand that they will never take math home in class and let their children master it. Let children feel mathematics in happiness.

Fourth, do a good job in the transformation of "students with learning difficulties"

As the saying goes, "learn from the teacher and believe in it." We should respect and trust every student. As teachers, we can't give up any students. No matter which class, there are always students who study relatively poorly, but there are no students who are absolutely poor. Students who study relatively poorly also have many advantages. If we treat each student who is temporarily poor in learning objectively with a developmental vision, fully tap his bright spot and improve his academic performance by shaping a lively and cheerful personality, we can get twice the result with half the effort. On the contrary, it is obviously unscientific to treat a student with only pressure, only criticism and no encouragement, and without a developmental vision. The classroom is a stage for children to show their vitality. When you look at them from a developmental perspective, encourage them and mobilize them, students' endless creativity will be stimulated and the classroom will become a stage for children to show their vitality. I divide students with learning difficulties into these categories: first, they are smart-minded, poor in foundation and incorrect in learning attitude. Second, the brain is slow and has a poor foundation, but it knows how to learn. Third, the brain is average, the foundation is poor, and the learning attitude is poor. We can adopt different methods according to different situations: we can raise the requirements for the first class students by challenging them. For example, a student in my class has a good brain in the semester, but his learning attitude is extremely poor, which gives you trouble from time to time. Everyone in the class is afraid of him, and his academic performance is very poor. You have a policy, he has a countermeasure. Once I told him that a classmate in his class was not as good as him, and now he is making progress. Finally, I told him: You are a very clever boy in the teacher's mind. The teacher believes that you will change yourself and surpass yourself, and you will be a child with backbone in the future. Later, the child gradually changed and began to learn actively. He knows how to ask questions after class. He asked himself how many points he got in each exam. I praised him in time and encouraged him. He got 90 points in the test. Later, during the holiday, he left me a message in the mailbox: Teacher, I was admitted to Shanghai Spring Middle School. Thank you. I'm so happy for him. It can be said that the teacher's affirmation is very important for students. For the second kind of students, we can start with the basic problems, give guidance in a way, be patient with them, and gradually let them build up their self-confidence in learning mathematics. Even if they learn one problem a day, one year is enough for them to make progress. The third kind of students is the biggest headache for us, but we must never give up. Pay close attention to these students with poor foundation and attitude, ask them to do a few questions when they have time after class, and find the most responsible classmate to be their team leader. At first, some children didn't want to help others. We should take measures to make them understand that helping others is actually helping ourselves and telling others. When children have fun, they will be helpful, and team members will appreciate and respect their team leaders. Later, in my class, after each exam, each team leader first asked not his own grades, but the grades of the players he helped. Later, sometimes team members do better than the team leader and gradually become competitive partners in learning. Really achieved * * * progress.

Fifth, cultivate students to develop good study habits.

Pupils have many bad habits in math learning. For example, some students scribble, add words, miss words, misspell words, miss numbers or operation symbols, and click the wrong decimal point. This often happens. Some students are careless in calculation, often make mistakes, and don't check after calculation. Some students are not good at independent thinking and like to copy other people's homework. More importantly, some students did not find the reasons for the wrong questions in their homework and corrected them in time, but skimmed them. These habits have a bad influence on learning. I seize every opportunity to cultivate and train, such as using the competitive psychology of primary school students, making a comparison in oral calculation, which classmate calculates quickly and accurately, and comparing which classmate writes carefully, neatly and regularly and does homework when showing on the blackboard; When giving lectures, see who answers questions with concentration, initiative and correctness, and praise and encourage those who do well in time. Hold homework exhibition appraisal, praise and encourage students whose homework is neat and standardized, earnest and accurate, and finish their homework on time.

Every class requires students to preview before class and review after class. Students are required to preview before class every day and be supervised by their parents. After-class review requires "one summary a day, one summary a week, one unit and one test".

Let students form the habit of moving in class. In class, I ask students to do "four movements": hand, brain, mouth and eyes.

The habit of using mathematical language correctly. Students should be trained to correctly express mathematical knowledge in class, and pay attention to three languages: written language, graphic language and symbolic language.

Sixth, review carefully and pay attention to methods.

(1) Focus on the basics.

1. Concept review

The written description of mathematical concepts is generally rigorous, concise and highly generalized. When teaching concepts, we should teach students to "chew upon words", scrutinize word by word, understand the meaning of each word and distinguish the hierarchical points of each concept. For example, parallel lines are defined as "two straight lines that do not intersect in the same plane". Guide students to find three points in the definition: "in the same plane", "disjoint" and "straight line". Ask the students to think about what will happen to the connotation and extension of parallel lines if one of the three points is removed.

When reviewing concepts, we should also grasp some attributes of concepts to organize teaching and guide students to reveal the essential attributes of concepts through the analysis of key words. For example, trapezoid is "a set of quadrangles with only parallel opposite sides" and the word "only" is the key word, which reveals the essence of the difference between trapezoid and parallelogram and makes it clear that the other set of opposite sides of trapezoid must be non-parallel. As for the different rows, positions and directions of the trapezoid, they are all non-essential attributes.

In short, as long as we pay attention to teaching students learning methods and reveal the essential attributes of concepts when reviewing mathematical concepts, students can grasp the main points of concepts on the basis of understanding, so as to have a complete and clear understanding of concepts and be able to draw inferences from others and use them flexibly.

2. Formula review

The primary school mathematics formula is mainly to let students know the perimeter and area of some simple plane figures and the calculation formula of the surface area and volume of simple geometry. Students can easily understand the derivation and formation of formulas, but the application of formulas often stumbles many students. Some students only know unchangeable formulas, but they can't use them flexibly. Some problems can only be solved according to the inverse operation of a formula, and some problems can only be solved according to different graphs and different formulas. In this case, some students can only sigh at the topic and have no way to start. Then, when teaching students to calculate with formulas, we should first teach students to express formulas with letters. For example, the area formula of a triangle straight line (S = 1/2 XB), the area formula of a rectangle (S=ab) and the volume formula of a cone (V= 1/3sh). The formula is expressed in letters, which is convenient for students to remember and understand.

When reviewing solving problems with formulas, students should first find out which number and which question the topic is asking, and then apply the formula step by step to calculate the result. For example: a pile of conical meters, with a bottom circumference of 25. 12 meters and a height of 3 meters. Put these rice into a cylindrical grain depot with a diameter of 4 meters at the bottom, which is just full. What is the height of this grain depot?

In this exercise, both cones and cylinders appear in the topic. Therefore, it is not difficult to see that when students are required to find out the known conditions and problems of the topic, if the height of the cylinder is required, the volume of the cone, that is, the volume of the cylinder, is required first, and then the height of the grain depot can be calculated according to the inverse operation of the cylinder volume. In short, as long as students master the formula of each figure, find out the problem of the topic, and then use the formula accurately according to the meaning of the topic and the characteristics of the body.

(2) Intensive reading and more practice.

Teachers carefully analyze some representative examples selectively, highlight the key points, and then ask students to draw inferences from others and conduct imitation analysis and exercises.

(3) Pay attention to comments.

After each unit is finished, evaluate the test paper in time. Ignore the knowledge that most students have mastered, but strengthen counseling. In particular, I am very concerned about the mastery of the knowledge points of this unit by outstanding students.

(4) Conduct targeted review.

After teaching the textbook, we will review it in categories, which is an indispensable part of the math teacher's review. When reviewing the sixth grade, the textbooks have sorted out the various types learned in primary school. When summarizing various types, teachers should give guidance according to various types of problem-solving laws, methods and skills, so as to improve students' habit of answering various types correctly, flexibly and quickly and summarizing. We don't cover everything like a dragonfly, but focus on each kind of knowledge point and the vertical and horizontal connection between each knowledge point. Pay attention to targeted review.

(5) Be good at classifying and summarizing teaching methods and learning methods.

During the big review, I set a target score for each student, and every exam should be compared with the target score, whether it is progress or retrogression, to encourage students to study hard. I usually sum up the key problems, error-prone problems and abnormal problems in each question, let students do special exercises and give them key lectures. Let each student prepare a wrong book, write down the wrong questions, and write down the wrong process and the correct process. When reviewing, you can focus on reviewing, so that students can see at a glance how they were wrong at that time, and they can't make mistakes again in the process of doing problems in the future. Teachers should be good at summarizing teaching methods and let students focus on learning methods.

(6) Reflection after teaching

Teaching is teaching, but how do students learn? Have you mastered all the knowledge points?

Is the method of a certain kind of problem you talked about today accepted by students? If not, is there a better and easier way to master? In teaching, you should constantly learn and summarize and improve your teaching methods.

Seven, do a good job of psychological counseling for students.

In the final review stage, the sixth grade students have heavy tasks in all subjects every day, and there are many exams, large and small. Some students are in a bad mood because of their poor psychological quality and poor exam results. At this stage, teachers should not criticize too much, but help students find out the reasons and find the right solutions, so that students can learn in a happy and harmonious teaching environment. The more United, the more calmly teachers should deal with problems. Because your words and deeds will have a great impact on students, giving students a relaxed environment will have unexpected good results.

The above seven points are my personal working feelings. Please forgive me if there are any shortcomings.

As a young teacher, I still have a long way to go in my future work. I will let myself, as always, let the flowers of my works bloom in the bright spring.

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