What did Yelvxian, Emperor Jingzong of Liao Dynasty, do in his life?

Yeluxian (948-982 AD), the second son of Yelu Ruan, Shizong of Liao Dynasty, was the fifth emperor of China's Liao Dynasty. In 969, Liao Muzong was killed by his attendants, and Yelvxian was elected as emperor. He reigned for 14 years and was named Jingzong. After he ascended the throne, he established the eldest son inheritance system, which was a symbol of the feudalization of Khitan society. His title was Emperor Tianzan and his name was changed to Baoning. When he was in power, he returned to Denwen Drum Court to give the people a place to redress their grievances, and he also relaxed the criminal law to appease the people. He also reused Han officials and abolished the corrupt system. The Liao Kingdom was revitalized, but the results were limited. He died in 982 at the age of 35 and was buried in Qianling Mausoleum in Beining, Liaoning.

Liao Jingzong Yelvxian, also named Xianning, was born in the second year of Tianlu in Liao Dynasty (September 1, 948). He was the second son of Liao Shizong and his mother was Empress Xiao of Huaijie. When he was four years old, His parents died in the Huojin Lake Rebellion. He also narrowly escaped being killed, but was later rescued. However, this also caused the root cause of the disease. After his cousin Muzong of Liao Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he was raised in Yongxing Palace. Although Mu Zong was too drunk and neglected his government (because he drank and feasted excessively, he got up at noon, and he was known as the Sleeping King in the middle school), he killed people around him indiscriminately, and he continued to rebel because of his cruel government. However, every rebellion was suppressed by him. As Yelvxian grew up, a group of civil and military ministers who supported him gathered around him, and he was secretly planning to regain his father's throne. However, because the plan was secret, it was not noticed by Muzong of Liao Dynasty. In February of the nineteenth year of Yingli (969), Emperor Muzong of the Liao Dynasty was finally killed by his attendants. In the same month, with the support of Khitan and Han ministers, Yelvxian ascended the throne and was honored as Emperor Tianzan. His reign name was changed to Baoning, which was Jingzong of Liao Dynasty. Starting from Jingzong, the throne of the Liao Dynasty was passed down to the Yelvbei branch until the end of the Liao Dynasty, and even to the Western Liao Dynasty. This had a direct impact on the later completion of feudalization in the Liao Dynasty and the establishment of the primogeniture system.

After Jingzong ascended the throne, he carried out a series of reforms, which laid the foundation for the later prosperity of Shengzong. He first adopted a policy of tolerance towards political opponents to ease conflicts among the upper echelons of the ruling class. Such as pursuing Yelu Lihu as the emperor, not killing political opponents, etc. The second is to appoint virtuous ministers and generals such as Yelu Wuzhi, Yelu Xianshi, Gao Xun, Guo Xi, Yelu Xiuge, and Yelu Sha to rest with the people and humbly accept advice and seek governance. The Three Purities stipulated the administration of officials and the reduction of criminal laws. The Dengwen Drum Courtyard was re-established to give the people a place to redress their grievances and to appease the people. . As a result, the internal politics were stable, agriculture and animal husbandry were prosperous, and the war against Song Dynasty was slightly upper hand. Making the Liao Dynasty prosperous again, Jingzong was the veritable master of the resurgence of the Liao Dynasty.

Since 936, when Emperor Taizong of the Liao Dynasty obtained the land of the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun due to Shi Jingtang's sacrifice, all the promising kings in the Central Plains had their ambition to restore Yanyun. In the sixth year of Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (959), Zhou Shizong Chai Rong, who was victorious in the southern expedition, took advantage of the lack of internal affairs of Liao Muzong and launched a northern expedition to Yanyun. It covers three prefectures, three passes and seventeen counties including Kehuan, Mo, Ning, Yijin, Waqiao and Nanguan. Shizong originally wanted to take advantage of the victory to capture Youzhou, but he returned when he was ill. After the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizu devoted himself to the south. Except for the issue of the Northern Han Dynasty, there was no conflict with the Liao Dynasty, and the two sides were generally in harmony. After Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty succeeded to the throne, in the fourth year of Taiping and Rejuvenation of the Song Dynasty (the eleventh year of Baoning, Liao Dynasty, 979), Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty personally conquered Taiyuan and was defeated by the Liao army that aided the Han Dynasty. He captured Taiyuan and forced Liu Jiyuan, the leader of the Northern Han Dynasty, to surrender, and the Northern Han Dynasty perished. Later, Song Taizong did not accept the advice of his ministers, and regardless of the objective reality that the Song army was exhausted from long battles, he led the Song army in a northern expedition from Taiyuan in order to regain the land of Yanyun. As a result, they were first blocked by Liao general Yelusha and others at the gate of Youzhou City, and then were defeated by Yelusiu and others at the Gaoliang River. Taizong was embarrassed and wounded by an arrow and fled back in an ox cart for the battle of Gaoliang River. The Northern Expedition of the Song Dynasty failed miserably, and the relationship between Liao and Song Dynasty also collapsed. Since then, the Liao army has sent troops to attack and plunder the border areas of Song and Liao. There have been constant conflicts, with each side winning or losing. In October of the second year of Qianheng (980), Jingzong personally led a large army to attack the Song Dynasty. He defeated the Song army at Waqiao Pass, captured several Song generals, and killed many of them. It was the battle of Waqiao Pass. After Jingzong collapsed, the war was suspended.

Yeluxian was frail and sick due to excessive fright since he was a child. As a result, Queen Xiao Chuo (953-1009, nicknamed Yanyan, original surname Bali) became a political and military participant in the Liao Dynasty. On September 24, the fourth year of Qianheng (October 13, 982), Yelvxian died in his palace in Datong City, Shanxi Province today, when he was out hunting. He was thirty-five years old. The temple name is Jingzong, and his posthumous title is Emperor Xiaocheng Kangjing. Buried in Qianling Mausoleum (located in today's Beizhen City, Liaoning Province).