Articles on medical teaching management.

Guiding teaching management in medical colleges with Scientific Outlook on Development.

Source: China Paper Download Center [08-1115: 45: 00] Author: Li Xuebin, edited by Huang Ruiya: studa20.

Teaching management; Scientific Outlook on Development; University, medicine

The Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward Scientific Outlook on Development, that is, "adhere to people-oriented, establish a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept, and promote the all-round development of economy, society and people." It is the general guiding ideology to guide the social and economic development in the new period, and it is of great guiding significance to the development of higher medical education in China. The basic connotation of Scientific Outlook on Development, the first is to emphasize people-oriented; The second is to emphasize development, including all-round development, coordinated development and sustainable development.

In the new historical period, the teaching management of medical colleges and universities in China is facing many difficulties and challenges. Only under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development can we better overcome difficulties, meet challenges and serve the development of medical education in China.

1 In the new historical period, the teaching management of medical colleges and universities in China is facing difficulties and challenges.

1. 1 The influence of the popularization of higher education on the teaching management of medical colleges and universities. In 2005, China's university enrollment rate reached 2 1%, which has entered the era of popularization of higher education. Under the background of the popularization of higher education, the enrollment of medical colleges in China has increased greatly, but the teaching resources can't grow at the same time, which puts forward many new topics for the teaching management of medical colleges.

1. 1. 1 teachers are obviously insufficient. Most medical education in Europe and America is based on long academic system and small class teaching mode, and the ratio of students to teachers is 5 ∶ 1. From 1996 to 200 1, the ratio of students to teachers in American medical colleges is1.43 ~1.56:1. After the enrollment expansion of medical colleges in China, the number of students has greatly increased, but the number of teachers has not increased proportionally. Some students and teachers have exceeded 14: 1 [1]. According to the new evaluation index system of undergraduate teaching level of the Ministry of Education, the ratio of students to teachers in medical undergraduate colleges should be below 9∶ 1 to reach the A-level standard. The shortage of teachers has brought great difficulties to the teaching organization of medical colleges, making it difficult to implement many teaching reforms.

1. 1.2 decline in the overall level of teachers In order to reduce the ratio of students to teachers as soon as possible, some medical colleges have taken measures to reduce the entry requirements of college teachers, resulting in uneven levels of teachers and a decline in the overall level. In addition, due to the shortage of teachers, teachers are busy dealing with daily teaching and overloaded teaching. Some teachers spend more than 35 hours a week on average, so it is difficult to make full preparations before class, and they have no time to take into account the research and scientific research of teaching methods, so the teaching level cannot be improved.

1. 1.3 Overloaded operation of teaching facilities and logistics support Due to the sharp increase in the number of students, classrooms, laboratories, experimental equipment, network facilities, sports venues and logistics support are all overloaded. In order to alleviate the contradiction of insufficient teaching resources, some medical colleges adopt some methods, such as shortening unit class hours, cutting experimental courses and implementing circular teaching, which eventually leads to the "shrinkage" of teaching content. Due to the shortage of laboratories, teaching equipment and teaching specimens, students can't get the basic skills training they deserve. For example, the number of cadaver specimens used by students in anatomy classes in some colleges and universities has been reduced from * * * every 8 students 1 before the enrollment expansion to 25-50 people * * * 1.

1. 1.4 is accompanied by the decline of the overall quality of medical college students. A large number of enrollment expansion has made many medical colleges lower the admission requirements for students, and the overall quality of students has declined. In developed countries in Europe and America, medical education belongs to elite education, and it takes four years to graduate from general universities of science and engineering before entering medical colleges. In addition to students' test scores, medical colleges must also pass interviews to ensure that enrolled students have the basic qualities of medical students. Under the current enrollment system in China, medical colleges are not given priority admission and there is no interview system. When enrolling students, medical colleges can only rely on candidates' college entrance examination results, and can't understand many conditions and qualities of candidates.

After the number of students increased from1.65,438+0.5, the practice teaching base became quite scarce. The ratio of the number of beds in the affiliated hospitals of a considerable number of medical colleges to the number of clinical medical students in school did not reach 1.0, and some even did not reach 0.5. There is also a serious shortage of beds in practice hospitals, which forces medical colleges to lower the standards of practice hospitals to adapt to the expansion of students. The number of beds in affiliated hospitals and practice hospitals is insufficient, which leads to the lack of suitable clinical practice places and objects for medical students. Moreover, with the continuous improvement of the social requirements for the medical profession and the changes in the internal requirements of medical ethics, the traditional clinical skills teaching with patients as the main learning and practice objects is facing great difficulties after the number of students increases. Medicine is a comprehensive subject with strong practicality. If the quality and quantity of practice teaching are not guaranteed, it will inevitably lead to the decline of medical teaching quality.

1.2 Influence of internationalization of education on teaching management in medical colleges. Since the 20th century, global economic integration and modern science and technology have made rapid progress, which has become the trend of economic development and social progress in China. The reform of health service mode and system brought by scientific and technological progress, and the development of theories, methods and means of medical diagnosis, treatment and prevention all pose new challenges to the traditional talent training mode. The leap-forward development of domestic higher education and the great changes in the structure and demand of medical talents caused by China's entry into WTO have put medical education under unprecedented pressure. The gap between China's higher medical education and developed countries is increasingly prominent. How to make China's higher medical education system in line with international standards and cultivate medical talents who can accept the challenge of global economic integration is another major issue facing the teaching administrators of medical colleges in China.

1.3 Impact of networking and informatization on teaching management in medical colleges With the rapid development of the Internet and the arrival of the information age, the ways for medical students to receive information and learn knowledge have obviously increased and accelerated. How to improve the teaching quality by using modern educational methods and means such as network and multimedia is a realistic problem faced by the teaching management department of medical colleges. This requires the teaching management departments of medical colleges to fully understand the importance of modern educational technology and make efforts in correctly guiding students to use the Internet, teacher training, network construction, network courses and network courseware construction.

1.4 The transformation of medical model has put forward a subject for teaching management in medical colleges. Modern medical model has changed from biomedical model to bio-psychological-social medical model, which requires medical staff to pay attention to the whole person from caring about diseases. Doctors should be responsible not only for certain diseases, but also for life and health. This puts forward new and higher requirements for the quality of medical students, but the current medical education system and teaching methods in China can not adapt well to the new medical model. This requires the teaching administrators of medical colleges to reform the current medical education system and teaching methods to adapt to the new medical model.

1.5 The influence of proofreading on teaching management in medical colleges and universities In recent years, the reform of university management system has greatly promoted the development of higher education, but there are also unreasonable behaviors in the merger of medical colleges and universities, which have had some negative effects. In practice, there is also a phenomenon that the development of medical colleges is blocked and there is "shock" after the merger [3]. The teaching management departments of medical colleges merged into comprehensive universities should think positively, reform the original teaching management mode, make full use of the teaching resources of humanities and social sciences in comprehensive universities, and serve the cultivation of high-quality medical talents.

1.6 Impact of lifelong education on teaching management in medical colleges With the rapid development of science and technology, the speed of knowledge updating is accelerated. If people don't learn new knowledge, they may not be able to meet the needs of increasingly fierce competition. The development of medical science and technology requires medical staff to constantly update their knowledge and establish the concept of lifelong education [1]. The teaching management department of colleges and universities is required to instill the concept of lifelong education in teachers and cultivate students' concept of lifelong learning in the process of organizing teaching.

2. Use Scientific Outlook on Development to guide the teaching management of medical colleges.

In the new historical period, the teaching management of medical colleges and universities in China is facing various difficulties and challenges. How to make the teaching management work out of the predicament, better serve the development of medical education in our country and realize the organic unity of the scale, quality, structure and benefit of running a school, we need to firmly establish a high-standard teaching quality concept under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development.

2. 1 Teaching administrators in medical colleges must establish a "people-oriented" management concept. People are the core, and people are the subject and essence of education. Adhering to the people-oriented development concept is the core content of Scientific Outlook on Development, and the people-oriented management concept must be established in the process of teaching management.

2. 1. 1 Teaching management must be "student-oriented". Students are the main body of our education, and the quality of modern medical students should meet the comprehensive requirements of society for the quality of doctors. When we make teaching plans, curriculum arrangements, teacher training and allocation of teaching places, the first thing we should consider is whether it is conducive to cultivating students' quality. We should actively promote and improve the teaching management of the credit system and give full consideration to students' interests.

2. 1.2 Establish the concept of "teachers first", and teachers are one of the most important factors to ensure the quality of teaching. In the process of teaching management, we must attach importance to teachers. We should think of teachers everywhere, solve problems for them, give preferential policies in housing and welfare, and provide a platform for displaying talents in career and personal development. It is necessary to establish the concept of expert governance, pay attention to collecting and adopting teachers' opinions and suggestions on school development and education and teaching reform, so that teachers can devote themselves to teaching and ensure teaching quality.

2. 1.3 In the teaching process, we should pay attention to cultivating students to establish a people-oriented concept. In the teaching process, students should be made to understand that doctors are not only responsible for certain diseases, but also for life and health. It is one of the basic qualities of medical students to keep their mission in mind and establish a people-oriented concept, which is also the requirement of the new medical model.

2.2 Establish the concept of all-round development of teaching management. Higher medical education is a complex system, and all elements of higher medical education must be fully developed.

2.2. 1 The all-round development of disciplines and majors should be combined with the orientation of running schools and pay attention to the all-round development of disciplines and majors. The all-round development of disciplines and majors is not to be greedy for perfection, but to combine the actual situation of our school, open up all medical majors, develop professional directions, and open up interdisciplinary and cross-majors to meet the needs of different students after enrollment expansion. More importantly, it is necessary to strengthen the connotation construction of disciplines and majors, such as the construction of basic conditions such as teaching instruments and equipment, classrooms and laboratories, the construction of teachers and the construction of systems. It is necessary to establish and improve the school-level evaluation system of disciplines and majors, provide the current situation of all disciplines and majors in our school in time, put forward rectification opinions, and provide useful staff for school-level leaders to make decisions.

2.2.2 All-round development of curriculum construction is the basic unit of school teaching, and the teaching quality of the curriculum is directly related to the teaching quality of disciplines and majors, which affects the quality of personnel training. We should persist in curriculum construction, pay attention to the adaptation of curriculum and talent training objectives, and offer more elective courses. The medical college of comprehensive universities should make full use of the advantages of comprehensive universities with complete disciplines and courses; Independent medical colleges should try their best to offer more elective courses in humanities and social sciences to improve the humanistic quality of medical students. At the same time, pay attention to the teaching quality of any course offered, set up a course admission system, and those who fail to meet the basic conditions may not start classes. All courses should be project-based, and acceptance system and reward and punishment methods should be established to promote the all-round development of course construction.

2.2.3 The overall development of teachers' quality and quantity depends on their own efforts. To cultivate students with strong ability and high comprehensive quality, we must first have a team of teachers with excellent quality in all aspects. In the teacher training plan, the teaching management department not only puts forward requirements for teachers' professional ability, but also puts forward requirements for teachers' professional ethics and humanistic quality. The personnel department should establish and improve the teacher assessment system, and put these aspects in the same main position of teacher assessment, instead of just focusing on the professional level, and the other two aspects become a mere formality. Some schools have begun to regard students' evaluation of teachers as an important indicator of teachers' promotion, promotion and renewal, which is a powerful measure for teachers to improve their own quality in an all-round way and is worth popularizing and learning. The number of teachers is one of the key factors to ensure the quality of teachers. Without enough teachers, the quality of the teaching staff is out of the question. Medical colleges and universities should plan the teaching staff with high standards, actively introduce teachers, actively promote the reform of personnel system, ensure the proportion of teachers in the whole school, and improve the treatment of teachers. At the same time, "soft introduction" and external teachers are adopted to ensure an adequate number of teachers.

2.3 the guidance of the concept of coordinated development

2.3. 1 Developing a university in harmony with society is the product of social development, which depends on society and promotes social development. Social service function is one of the basic functions of universities, and any university that is divorced from society does not exist. In the process of planning and organizing teaching, the teaching management department of medical colleges must consider the needs of society and adjust the subject setting, training objectives, training mode and enrollment scale in time to meet the needs of society.

2.3.2 Focus on coordinated development with general disciplines. The overall development of specialty construction and curriculum construction is generally developed gradually on the basis of key construction or pilot construction, just as geese need to lead them when flying south. In the process of discipline construction or curriculum construction, we must first confirm key disciplines and courses, and give priority to construction to promote the all-round development of disciplines and courses. Similarly, professional disciplines and courses must identify discipline leaders and course leaders. As a leader in this discipline or course, we should also identify famous teachers in the whole school, tilt their work in policy and give priority to funds so that they can really play a leading role. It is necessary to promote the coordinated development of key disciplines and general disciplines, key courses and general courses, academic leaders or curriculum leaders and general teachers, and make it clear that the ultimate goal is all-round development.

2.3.3 Coordinated development of teaching and learning Teaching and learning are the most important pair of contradictions in teaching and the dialectical relationship of unity of opposites. Under the background of "expanding enrollment", the coordinated development of teaching and learning is the key to ensure the teaching quality. The key to solve this problem is to actively carry out the reform of education and teaching mode, curriculum system and teaching methods, and actively apply modern means such as network, audio-visual education and simulation technology to make up for the relative shortage of teaching resources and adapt them to the growing needs of students and society. For students, while imparting knowledge to them, we should pay attention to teaching them learning methods and cultivate their innovative spirit and the concept of lifelong learning. There is an old saying: "Send a mermaid three times; Teach people to fish and use it for life. " Don't attach too much importance to imparting knowledge and neglect the cultivation of students' ability.

2.4 Enlightenment of the concept of sustainable development The development of higher medical education should not only meet the urgent needs of the broad masses of people to receive higher medical education, but also continuously expand its scale; It is also necessary to ensure the quality of teaching, improve the quality of medical talents, meet social requirements, form a situation with sustainable development ability and development potential, and develop healthily and steadily [5]. As the teaching management department of a medical college, it can promote the sustainable development of the school through the following aspects.

2.4. 1 The most vital thing to build a university with characteristics is its characteristics, which are the essential factors for the existence and sustainable development of any university. Medical college has no characteristics and strong substitutability, and may be eliminated at any time. Therefore, in the process of organizing teaching, teaching administrators should pay attention to the long-standing characteristics of running schools and carry them forward. We should fully consider the characteristics of our school in specialty setting, teaching plan and curriculum setting, and highlight the characteristics of our school in extracurricular activities, so that we can maintain distinctive characteristics in some aspects.

2.4.2 Internationalization strategy of medical education In order to achieve sustainable development, colleges and universities must adapt to the times. Under the background of global economic integration, the internationalization of higher medical education has become inevitable.

How to integrate China's higher medical education with international standards is a problem that the teaching administrators of medical colleges need to consider. First of all, we must solve the problem of international standards for the quality of personnel training, and the specifications of personnel training should be in line with international standards. Measuring and evaluating medical colleges and their graduates according to international standards is an inevitable trend of the development of international medical education, and it is also an inevitable challenge for higher medical education in China. In order to realize the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of China's higher medical education and occupy a place in international competition, we must vigorously implement the internationalization strategy, gradually realize localization while introducing and digesting international standards, and establish China standards with China characteristics and characteristics of the times, so as to make our due contribution to global medical education [6]. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, jointly run schools, recognize credits, academic qualifications and academic exchanges, and send international students to each other to realize medical education without borders.

2.4.3 Stabilizing multi-channel sources of funds To achieve the sustainable development of colleges and universities, the key is the guarantee of funds. Without sufficient funds, sustainable development is rootless. The shortage of funds is an important reason why "enrollment expansion" brings difficulties to medical colleges. As the teaching management department of medical colleges, we should pay attention to thrift in the process of teaching management, and also consider promoting the stable and multi-channel funding sources of our school. While making full use of government funds, efforts should be made in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the combination of Industry-University-Research, diversified management, alumni donation, etc., so as to ensure sufficient school-running funds, update teaching equipment, expand teaching venues, improve teachers' treatment and continuously improve teaching conditions, which are the material guarantee for the sustainable development of medical colleges.

2.4.4 Integrating social resources and establishing a high-quality practice teaching base is a comprehensive discipline with strong practicality. In China, the internship period of medical undergraduates is 1 year, and the practice teaching base is particularly important to ensure the quality of personnel training in medical colleges. We should actively and scientifically integrate social medical and health resources to promote the sustainable development of higher medical education. In the cooperation between medical colleges and socialized hospitals, medical colleges can give hospitals more convenience and support in academic materials and scientific research cooperation, and pay more attention to the continuing education of medical staff, so as to improve their professional ability while teaching and medical work, thus promoting teaching and hospital work. In this way, through complementary advantages, we can achieve win-win and common development [3].

2.4.5 Campus Culture Construction Campus culture construction is a strong support for the sustainable development of medical colleges. As the spiritual encouragement of the school, campus culture not only promotes students' learning, but also encourages teachers' development. An excellent school motto and a good school song will inspire generations to work hard and make unremitting efforts to achieve the set goals. There is no sustainable development without unremitting struggle, so we should pay attention to the construction of campus culture.

3 Conclusion

In short, in the new historical period, the teaching management of medical colleges is facing many difficulties and challenges. As teaching administrators, we must establish a people-oriented management concept, take the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development concept as the guide in the teaching management process, and combine China's national conditions and the specific situation of our school to comprehensively promote the teaching reform of higher medical education, improve the teaching quality, and make due contributions to the sustainable development of our school and China's medical education.

refer to

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[2] Yi, Cheng, et al. Research and reform trend of medical education under the background of globalization [J]. Northwest Medical Education, 2005, 13 (6): 64 1-643.

Cheng Chun, Yang Dinghai. Deepening the reform of higher medical education under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development [J]. China Higher Medical Education, 2004,6:16-18.

Liu Xuezheng. Guiding the reform and innovation of medical education with Scientific Outlook on Development [J]. Journal of Jinzhou Medical College: Social Science Edition, 2005,3 (4): 31-34.

Yang Dinghai, Ding Sihong, Cheng Chun. Guiding the reform of higher medical education with Scientific Outlook on Development [J]. Northwest Medical Education, 2004, 12 (4): 447-448.