20 19 Basic Theory of Medical Ethics Focus: Basic Principles of Medical Ethics (2)

Bringing you knowledge of medical ethics, Tianjin medical and health candidates passed the exam smoothly! ? 20 19 Tianjin Hospital Recruitment | Physical Examination Announcement and Publicity Summary (continuously updated)

First, respect the principle (autonomy)

It means that medical staff should respect patients and make rational decisions. The main performance is that doctors respect patients' autonomy and ensure patients to choose a reasonable diagnosis and treatment plan independently.

Second, the principle of no harm.

It means that in the process of diagnosis and treatment, the patient's body and mind are not damaged, which is the basic principle that medical workers should follow, also known as the principle of no harm. It is required to first consider and minimize the harm to patients or research objects. From where? Another aspect of the favorable principle? To the principle of independent bioethics, this special nature of medicine also determines that it should not harm patients or research objects, and minimize the harm to patients or research objects. In biomedicine? Hurt? Mainly refers to physical injury, including pain and suffering, disability and death, mental injury and other damages, such as economic losses.

Third, the principle of interest (doing good)

It means that the purpose of medical staff's diagnosis and treatment behavior is to protect the interests of patients, promote their health and happiness.

What is easy to confuse here is the advantages and disadvantages, which is often the place where mistakes are easy to make in the exam. Therefore, it should be noted that the principle of no harm is closely related to the principle of advantage. It is beneficial to put the health of patients in the first place and earnestly seek benefits for patients. The advantage is that medical staff do good things for patients. This principle is also called the principle of doing good in the west, but the behavior of medical staff is often not simply to benefit patients, and often produces side effects. At this time, the principle of superiority requires medical personnel to weigh the interests, so that medical behavior can obtain the greatest possible benefits and bring the least possible harm. In human experiments, subjects may not benefit, and may be hurt. However, this kind of experiment is beneficial to a large number of other patients, society and even the next generation, that is, it is beneficial to most people in society.

Fourth, the principle of justice.

It means that everyone in society has the right to enjoy health resources equally and reasonably or to enjoy fair distribution, and has the right to participate in the distribution and use of health resources. In medical practice, justice not only refers to similarity in form, but also emphasizes justice in content. To sum up, formal justice can be achieved through the most basic medical services, while substantive justice is generally aimed at the distribution of scarce and valuable health resources, and is also achieved according to patients' needs, personal abilities and contributions to society.