Where is the endothelium distributed?

1, the inner layer of endothelium is attached to the heart, and the single layer of flat epithelium on the surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels is called endothelium. Monolayer cells on the inner wall of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels in vertebrates. Endothelium is formed by mesoderm of embryo. Single-layer flat epithelium distributed in the lumen of heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. Thin and smooth, conducive to material exchange and the flow of blood and lymph.

2. Mesothelium is a single layer of flat epithelium distributed on the surface of pleura, peritoneum and pericardium.

Endothelial cell

Vascular endothelial cells (EC) are located between plasma and vascular tissue. It can not only complete the metabolic exchange between plasma and tissue fluid, but also synthesize and secrete a variety of bioactive substances, thus ensuring the normal contraction and relaxation of blood vessels, and playing a special role in maintaining vascular tension, regulating blood pressure, balancing coagulation and anticoagulation, thus maintaining the normal flow of blood and long-term patency of blood vessels. Endothelialization on the surface of anticoagulant materials can reduce thrombosis and platelet activation.

Complete endothelialization is the best anticoagulant, and the surface vascular endothelial tissue is a natural anticoagulant. There are natural anticoagulant components on the endothelial cell membrane, such as heparin, prostaglandin (PGI), nitric oxide, etc. Endothelial cells can synthesize and secrete a variety of endothelial relaxing factor.