What should I pay attention to when raising squab?

1, pigeon house requirements. Carrier pigeons are active during the day and rest quietly in the house at night. Pigeonhouses must provide "safe and comfortable" living conditions for homing pigeons to strengthen their love for nests.

(1) The pigeon house environment must be quiet. Pigeons like to be quiet and are afraid of being disturbed. If you are often harassed by the outside world, especially at night, it will cause panic and confusion for pigeons. After being disturbed, homing pigeons don't want to go back to their nests, preferring to live under the eaves at night.

(2) The pigsty should be ventilated and sunny, warm in winter and cool in summer. The optimum temperature for homing pigeons is 13℃ ~ 18℃, and the relative humidity is 60%. Pigeonhouses should minimize the impact of natural temperature changes on homing pigeons. They should be cool for heatstroke prevention in summer, warm and cold-proof in winter, and should be cleaned and disinfected frequently to keep the environment clean.

2. Provide adequate and reasonable nutrition. Food is the main material basis for homing pigeons to survive. In order to keep strong physique and good race results, homing pigeons should be fed with feed with complete nutrients such as energy and protein according to different growth stages. For example, in order to ensure the growth and development of pigeons' bodies and bones and prevent obesity and precocity, mung beans or fish meal are added to the diet to increase the content of protein; During the training period, homing pigeons consume a lot of energy, so they should supplement high-energy feed such as corn and wheat. Pigeons in the brooding period should be given a diet rich in protein, energy, minerals and vitamins, especially protein, and the daily intake of each pigeon must be about 18g. In addition, the drinking water of homing pigeons should be kept clean to ensure the supply of sanitary sand.

3. Feed homing pigeons regularly, regularly and quantitatively to enhance homing performance of homing pigeons. The breeder feeds the homing pigeons regularly and quantitatively every day (three times in the morning, three times in the middle and two times in the evening), and fixes the position of the trough, so that the homing pigeons can form the habit of returning to their nests on time and feeding at fixed points. In order to make homing pigeons return to their nests immediately after flying, we can take measures such as flying on an empty stomach and giving them water and food as "rewards" in time after returning to their nests, or giving less food before flying and more food after returning to their nests to induce homing pigeons to return to their nests, so as to avoid rushing back to their nests because they are not hungry, and staying outside will delay their homing time. After the conditioned reflex is formed, homing pigeons will enter the house immediately every time they fly or return from the game.

4, training should be persistent, flying and irregular settings are strictly prohibited. When flying homing pigeons, twice a day in the morning and evening, we must stick to 1 ~ 2 hours, and the wind and rain will not change to enhance endurance; We can't shorten the exercise time in winter and summer, so as to exercise the cold and rain resistance of homing pigeons, adapt to all kinds of bad weather flight, cultivate "all-weather" excellent homing pigeons and let them fly back from hundreds or even thousands of kilometers away.

5, human pigeons "affinity", cultivate the obedience of homing pigeons. Trainers should first be "friendly" to homing pigeons, so that homing pigeons can come and go freely at any time during training. "Affinity" begins with young pigeons, and the trainer should personally teach the pigeons to drink water and feed, so that the pigeons can form a conditioned reflex to the training signal; When feeding, we should call and touch the homing pigeon kindly, so that the homing pigeon can approach people actively. Over time, the pigeon has established a close relationship with its owner without fear. After the success of "affinity", homing pigeons can obey people and receive flight training.

6, timely pairing, to prevent flying. When homing pigeons are sexually mature, they are active and both sexes chase after each other. At this time, they should be given the opportunity to choose a mate in time (homing pigeons who lost their spouses halfway should also be re-bred). Otherwise, homing pigeons without estrus spouses can easily fly away. Usually it takes 2 ~ 3 days to match successfully.

7. Let homing pigeons bathe in clean water. Carrier pigeons should be released every day. Bathing can not only keep their feathers clean, but also prevent ectoparasites from parasitizing. Bathing time should be chosen at noon on sunny days, 5 ~ 7 times a week in summer and 1 ~ 2 times in winter. A small amount of iodine or 0. 1% potassium permanganate can be added to the bath water.

8. Always check the health of pigeons. Observe the speed, quantity and flight of pigeons when they are released in the morning; Check whether the feathers and feces of the pigeon house are abnormal; Check whether the feathers and feces of the pigeon house are abnormal; When homing pigeons enter the room at night, they should count the number, observe their food intake and behavior, find homing pigeons with pathological signs in time and take corresponding measures. In addition, homing pigeons should also be vaccinated according to the situation.

In a word, the breeding management of homing pigeons is actually to tame and control homing, obedience and regression accuracy of homing pigeons from four aspects: food, shelter, spouse and disease. This is the guarantee of normal reproduction and healthy growth of homing pigeons, and it is also the basic work of cultivating and training excellent homing pigeons.

Pigeons eat millet, rice, corn (corn), wheat and other grains and cooked ones. Bird food, chicken feed, sand (to help digestion) and so on are similar to feeding chickens.

Pigeons are vegetarian and monogamous, and it is best to feed them on the balcony or rooftop.

Pigeons should have nests during the breeding season, because they only need a bamboo to rest in other times.

Pigeons can be divided into meat pigeons, ornamental pigeons and carrier pigeons. Among them, the meat pigeon is edible, which is not only fresh and delicious, but also has high nutritional value. Protein ranks first among many kinds of meat products, which is not only a rare delicacy, but also an advanced tonic. Meat pigeons are characterized by large size, mild sex, high reproductive rate and fast weight gain of young pigeons. Pigeons have strong disease resistance and can adapt to various climatic conditions, so the pigeon farm can be raised in both north and south. However, the pigeon factory should be chosen as far away from residential areas as possible, keeping the pigeon house quiet and avoiding frequent exchanges between people and animals, which is not conducive to epidemic prevention. Pigeonhouses should be spacious, bright, well-lit, dry and clean. Try to choose a place with high terrain, no water accumulation after rain, no waste gas and wastewater pollution, good water quality and convenient water supply, which is conducive to cleaning and disinfection. The feed for meat pigeons is simple, using coarse grains. Commonly used varieties are corn, peas, sorghum, wheat, hemp seed and so on. The daily feed of a pair of breeding pigeons in production is about 150g. Pigeons can generally live for 10- 15 years, but the mating age is 5-6 years, and the best mating age is 2-4 years. Usually, a pair of meat pigeons can breed 6-8 pairs a year, and they can lay eggs all year round except for the molting period from August to June. According to its growth and development, meat pigeons can be divided into: young pigeons: young pigeons (also known as young pigeons or young pigeons) that are 25-30 days old after their shells are pointed out. Because young pigeons 30 days ago were fed with pigeon milk produced by crops in their parents' digestive system, they were called young pigeons. Pigeons are regarded as famous dishes because of their tender meat, delicious taste and rich nutrition. Pigeons grow fast and have short feeding time. At the age of four weeks, the weight can reach more than 600 grams, which is edible. After the young pigeon hatches, parents will naturally feed its offspring carefully. However, there are also some problems that parents can't take care of, and managers need careful care to make the young pigeons grow normally. The newly hatched pigeons have poor disease resistance, but they eat a lot and excrete a lot of feces. If they are not cleaned up in time, they will easily get sick. Pigeons can live independently from their parents in 30 days. At this time, if the pigeons are provided with fine-grained and good-quality feed, they can eat by themselves in a day or two. Pigeons: Pigeons grow to 6 months after hatching. Pigeons in this period are called young pigeons. Young pigeons are suitable for group breeding, which is beneficial to the movement and growth of pigeons and lays the foundation for good reproductive performance in the future. Adult pigeons: After 4-6 months of growth and development, they enter the stage of sexual maturity and begin to breed and raise young pigeons. Pigeons in this period are called adult pigeons. Pigeons after three or four months of age begin to have secondary sexual characteristics, which is called pigeon estrus. Pigeons that have reached sexual maturity will show various courtship behaviors and will mate to breed their own offspring. This is the natural breeding way of pigeons. But in order to prevent inbreeding, pigeon species degeneration, prevent. The phenomenon of "early marriage", "homosexuality" or improper pairing must be artificially matched to breed excellent offspring. Pigeons are monogamous birds. Once they mate for life, it will take a long time to get recognition after being separated artificially. In order to prevent all kinds of adverse consequences caused by disassembly, the pairing work must be planned and arranged as early as possible. A better method is: after the pigeons are raised to four months old, the female pigeons and the male pigeons are raised separately. However, it should be noted that the same-sex pigeons raised in the same column should also be of the same variety and age, so as to avoid the big pigeons bullying the small pigeons and causing the weak pigeons to be disabled. It takes 10- 12 days for mature pigeons to arrange marriage according to the breeder's purpose, and put the paired male and female pigeons in cages to let them have feelings and even mate and lay eggs. Most pigeons can cultivate feelings during this period, become loving couples and start a harmonious life of bearing children. Three days after mating, the mother pigeon laid two eggs and began to hatch. The husband and wife cooperated tacitly, and * * * participated in the work of incubating eggs, and the work schedule was relatively clear and fixed, and the implementation was very serious. The incubation period of eggs laid by pigeons is quite consistent, ranging from 17 days to 19 days, most of which are 18 days. After the young pigeons are hatched, the husband and wife jointly produce pigeon milk and feed them mouth to mouth until they can live independently. The brooding period is generally 25-30 days. It should be noted that during the incubation period, the breeder should deal with the dead eggs on time and in time, find the eggs or dead embryos without sperm according to the eggs, and take out these useless eggs to hatch in one nest. Let those pigeons who have no eggs to hatch lay eggs again, which greatly increases the population reproduction of pigeons. Pigeons are relatively easy to raise, but in the process of raising, we should adhere to the principles of prevention first, regular disinfection, careful observation, disease prevention and treatment, scientific management and scientific raising. Raising meat pigeons will definitely bring greater economic benefits to people.

The growth cycle of a pair of young pigeons is 25-30 days. The feeding management of young pigeons should do the following:

Don't scare your parents: pigeons are late-maturing birds. After hatching, the physique is particularly poor, the whole body is limp and the body temperature is extremely low. The breeder should pay special attention not to make a loud noise to scare the pigeons. Some frightened pigeons have memory disorder, string together in the nest, which will crush the young pigeons, while others will not hatch or feed them. In this case, you must take the young pigeon away as soon as possible and find a nanny pigeon to feed it.

Be careful when merging young pigeons: merging young pigeons is an effective measure to improve the reproductive rate of breeding pigeons. When merging, those orphaned chicks with similar hatching dates and the same size should be merged with the suckling chicks abandoned by their parents. It is generally required that a pair of breeding pigeons had better feed two young pigeons. More than two breeding pigeons should be carefully fed to increase nutrient supply. Otherwise, it will cause unhealthy phenomena such as excessive physiological burden, poor physique, production suspension or no sperm eggs.

Change the position of young pigeons in time: under the condition of natural incubation, the young pigeons hatched first are fed by the mother pigeons, and the feeding times are more than those hatched later, so they grow fast, and some of the young pigeons hatched later are small, poor in physique and slow in growth. In this case, it is necessary to change their positions in the nest 5-7 days after hatching or before the young pigeons can stand and walk, so that the first one can be fed at the back to make the young pigeons have balanced nutrition and consistent growth. If the size difference between the two young pigeons in this nest is too big, they have to be exchanged with other nests.

Correctly grasp the nutrition of young pigeons and the general rules of feeding pigeons: Generally, pigeons begin to hatch when they lay the second egg. From the third day of incubation, its crop cortex thickens, and after the fourteenth day, the crop cortex of pigeons begins to fall off and become a milky liquid, which we call pigeon milk. Feeding the young pigeons with extremely dilute emulsion within 1-5 days after hatching; Feed a little thicker pigeon milk within 5-7 days; Feeding crushed fermented feed and pigeon milk within 7- 10 days; Feeding semi-granular fermented feed and part of pigeon milk within 10- 15 days; Feeding whole-granule soaked fermented feed and trace pigeon milk within 15-25 days; Pigeons aged 25-28 days are basically fed by their parents half in advance and half depend on food. In the feed conversion stage of young pigeons at all ages, the breeder should add nutritious and healthy sand to the parents in time. Especially in the feed conversion stage of feeding young pigeons, parents and young pigeons should be fed with drugs to help digestion and nutrition to prevent young pigeons from indigestion due to feed conversion.

Adding egg plates: When the young pigeon is 7- 15 days old, there is a lot of feces in the young pigeon, which needs to be removed and disinfected. Add egg plates for the parent pigeon to prepare for its nest warming and egg laying.

Pigeons should be artificially fed: in order to improve the reproductive rate of breeding pigeons, pigeons can be artificially fed from their parents after 5-7 days of incubation. The specific methods are as follows: establish an artificial brooding room, which must have suitable humidity, temperature, good light and convenient ventilation, and the bed surface should not be wide and easy to operate; Artificial brooding feed should be refined and nutritious. The general feed formula is: corn flour 40%, wheat flour 6%, sorghum flour 8%, pea flour 12%, mung bean flour 12%, bone flour 18%, skimmed milk powder 3%, salt 0.3%, plus complex vitamins and trace elements, licorice, scutellaria and other Chinese herbal medicines.

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