Interior decoration knowledge`Additional points if you are satisfied`

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1. What are the laying and process requirements for solid wood flooring?

Excerpted from the solid wood floor surface construction process standard (QB-CNCEC J030124-2004).

Material requirements

1 Solid wood flooring: The material used for the surface layer of solid wood flooring and the moisture content of the wood during laying must meet the design requirements, including wooden grilles, pads and subfloors, etc. It must be treated with anti-corrosion, moth-proof, fire-proof and moisture-proof treatment.

2 Hardwood skirting boards: width, thickness, and moisture content should all meet the design requirements. The back should be fully coated with preservatives, and the pattern and color should be the same as the surface floor.

Construction technology

1 Install wooden grilles: First pop up the installation position line and elevation control line of each wooden grille on the floor according to the design requirements, then lay the grilles flat and Stable and find the elevation, use expansion bolts and angle steel (drilled holes) to fix the grille on the base layer. The gap between the wooden grille and the base layer should be filled with dry hard mortar, and the contact parts should be painted with anti-corrosion agent.

2 Laying the subfloor: According to the module of the wooden grille and the conditions of the room, lay down the material for the subfloor. Nail the subfloor firmly to the wooden grille using a mixture of straight nails and diagonal nails. The nail caps of straight nails must not protrude from the board surface. Subfloors can be made with slats.

3. Lay solid wood flooring: Start laying nailed tongue-and-groove solid wood flooring from one side of the wall. The board against the wall should be about 10mm away from the wall, and then arrange it tightly one by one. The nailing method uses oblique nails, and the joints of the solid wood floor surface layer

should be left in accordance with the design requirements.

4 When laying solid wood floors, they should be laid backwards from the room.

5 Planing and polishing: The floor that needs to be polished with a plane should be rough planed first and then finely planed to make the surface completely flat before being polished with a belt sander.

6 For plates that do not meet the modulus, the deficient parts will be cut and patched on site according to the actual size, and adhesive will be used to strengthen the fixation.

Quality standards

1 Materials should meet the requirements.

2 The wooden grille should be installed firmly and straight.

3 The subfloor should be firmly laid and the surface should be smooth.

4 The surface layer of solid wood flooring should be laid firmly; there should be no hollowing in the bonding.

5 The surface layer of solid wood flooring should be planed and polished without obvious planing marks or burrs; the pattern should be clear and the color should be uniform.

6 The gaps in the surface layer should be tight; the joint positions should meet the design requirements and the surface should be clean.

7 The joints of the parquet flooring should be aligned, glued and nailed tightly; the width of the gaps should be uniform; the surface should be clean and there should be no glue spillage.

8 The surface of the baseboard should be smooth, the joints should be tight, and the height should be consistent.

9 The allowable deviation of the solid wood floor surface layer should comply with the provisions of Table 7 of the "General Requirements for Construction Technology Standards for Building Ground Engineering".

Reference: /bbs/thread-20155-1-1.html

2. The basic operating procedure when opening a square hole in the middle of a gypsum board is

such as a ceiling If you need to make a hole, you must make it firm. First mark the location of the hole in the hole. After reinforcing the periphery of the hole with additional keels, use a hacksaw to cut off the keel and the gypsum board opening. This can keep the hole firm. . For square holes in the wall, drill them and use a saw blade to trim them into square holes and reinforce them.

3. What methods are generally used to detect the quality of ceramic tiles?

1. The measurement size, length, width and thickness errors should be small. The method is to take a few bricks and arrange them on the ground. If they are perfectly matched, it proves that the error is small and the quality is good.

2. Look at the angle, the diagonal cannot be larger than 1 mm.

3. Smoothness, the two bricks are interlocked, and there should be no gaps or concave gold bulging.

4. Glossiness, polished tiles can reflect people’s shadows.

5. Smooth finish, no pinholes or defects on the bricks should be visible within three meters.

6. Color difference. After several bricks are laid flat, the color should be consistent.

7. Water absorption, drop a drop of water on the brick to see how fast the water penetrates. With good bricks, water droplets will roll on the bricks.

8. Listen to the sound, lift the lai with your hands, and tap gently.

Good ceramic tiles have a crisp sound, indicating a high porcelain content. If the sound of "tacking" has a cracking sound, it means there are cracks in the bricks.

IV. What should you pay attention to when laying floor tiles?

1. When unpacking, check the product quality and color difference.

2. Before paving, try paving on the ground first, paying attention to the color and pattern.

3. The dry laying method should be used when laying floor tiles.

4. Clean the base thoroughly and rinse with clean water.

5. Before the construction of the leveling layer, the elevation should be controlled to control the collapse of the cake. The leveling layer should be made of 12 cement mortar and the surface should be polished and the flatness should not be greater than 5mm.

6. When paving with seams, the spacing between polished tiles should be 2MM, and the seams at the joints of the walls should be 3MM. The seams of 1MM- should also be left at the edges of stairs, columns, corridors, and walls. 3MM.

7; Paving should be carried out after the base has solidified.

8. After the product is laid for about 1 hour (depending on the climate and actual degree of condensation), the cement mortar must be wiped clean with a wooden stick or sponge in time.

9. About 12 hours after the product is laid, use a wooden hammer to knock the brick surface to check whether the floor tiles are hollow. If they are hollow, they must be laid again.

10. It is best not to use large-scale electric equipment within 48 hours of laying the tiles to avoid unnecessary hollowing of the tiles and the bonding layer due to later shocks.

11. Try to avoid friction with hard objects during use to avoid affecting the gloss.

Reference: /shtml/20080207/16478.shtml

5. Before construction, the decorative panel must first be painted (primer). What is its purpose?

1. Protect the panel from moisture.

2. Close the micropores on the surface of the panel to avoid leakage into the wood when applying primer, reduce the amount of topcoat, and make the topcoat fuller.

3. Mainly to improve the fullness of the paint film and cover surface defects.

4. Prevent the precipitation of harmful substances in the panel and prevent contamination by dust and other materials during wood processing.

6. When constructing the wall skirt, the texture treatment of the decorative panels should be adopted (vertical grain). What is the reason?

Not sure

Personally, I think that the vertical grains follow the growth direction of the wood and can withstand greater force than the horizontal grains and are less likely to deform.

7. Please analyze the reasons why the wooden edge sealing lines exploded?

Personally think

1. The moisture content of the lines exceeds the standard. After installation, it naturally dries and shrinks, resulting in deformation. . Tumble drying generally won't cause cracking.

2. It may be due to the fact that no seams were left during installation, and the panel was severely deformed and exploded.

8. Analysis of the reasons for the accumulation of paint on the surface of furniture?

1. The viscosity of the paint application is low and the coating is too thick.

2. The spraying distance is too close, the spray gun is too close, and the spray gun moves too slowly.

3. The paint contains dense pigments and is unevenly stirred.

4. The surface of the painted object is too smooth.

9. What is the cause of mildew on the wall? How to deal with it?

Mold is caused by moisture. There may be many reasons, such as applying the putty before it is completely dry or not painting it. Primer, water pipe leaks, and more.

The solution depends on the cause. The most common method is:

Use ordinary sandpaper to polish off the alkaline or moldy parts first, and then repaint.

If the wall has begun to lose powder, peel, or bubble, first remove the putty, then apply the interface agent, and then re-scrape the putty and apply latex paint.

10. When laying water pipes on the ground, why should we try to run them along the corners or in a straight line?

The purpose of laying water pipes on the wall is to facilitate repairs in the event of leakage or other problems in the future. , you only need to cut through the bricks or floors in the corners, and there is no need to dig out a large area in the middle of the room.

The purpose of horizontal and vertical positioning is for precise positioning to prevent accidental damage to water pipes when driving nails or drilling holes in the wall in the future.

11. Where are fireproof boards mainly used?

Fireproof boards are mainly used on the surface of partitions, door panels, various furniture, or decorative shapes.

12. How to distinguish hot water pipes from cold water pipes? What is the best way to lay hot water pipes?

1. PPR pipes are divided into cold water pipes and hot water pipes. The difference is that there is a blue identification line on the cold water pipe and a red line on the hot water pipe.

The two have different scaling rates, so they cannot be mixed.

2. When laying hot water pipes, attention must be paid to thermal insulation.

The cement mortar protection thickness for hot water pipes embedded in the wall is ≥15mm. The cement mortar protection thickness for embedded hot and cold water pipes in the ground is ≥10mm.

When the hot and cold water pipes are parallel vertically, they must be hot on the left and cold on the right; when they are parallel horizontally, they must be hot on top and cold on the bottom. The distance between hot and cold water pipes should be greater than 10cm.

The location of the outlet of the water supply pipe must be hot on the left and cold on the right.

The interface is connected by hot melt.

13. What is the main reason for a single piece of floor tile to become loose?

Personally, I think it is the hollowing phenomenon that causes looseness.

1. Caused by construction methods. Wet floor tiles are prone to hollowing. During wet paving, due to the high moisture in the cement mortar, the water penetrates into the base layer during the natural drying process. After drying, large and small holes are formed, and the floor tiles and the base layer cannot be fully bonded. A hollow drum will appear.

2. The workers were negligent during construction, and the back-painted cement was not full and smooth.

14. What is the reason for the deformation of wardrobe doors after being used for a period of time?

In my personal opinion

1. The moisture content of the wooden boards is too high , it will naturally dry and shrink after use, causing deformation.

2. There is no force release slot.

15. What should be paid attention to when laying floor tiles?

Same as question 4

16. What are the methods for sound insulation of walls? ?

Personal opinion

1. The cavity in the light steel keel gypsum board lightweight partition wall is filled with rock wool or glass wool.

2. Make a keel on the wall, fill it with rock wool, and install two layers of gypsum board or sound-absorbing board outside the keel.

17. How to distinguish natural marble and natural granite?

Marble refers to metamorphic or sedimentary carbonate rocks. Its main chemical component is calcium carbonate, accounting for more than 50%, as well as magnesium carbonate, calcium oxide, manganese oxide and secondary minerals. Silicon oxide, etc. Belongs to

medium hard stone.

Natural granite is a magma rock whose main component is aluminum silicate. Its main chemical components are aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, as well as a small amount of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, etc., so it is an acidic crystalline rock

. It is a hard stone material.

Natural marble is a metamorphic rock formed by the action of high temperature and high pressure in the earth's crust from the original rocks in the earth's crust. It is a medium-hard stone, mainly composed of calcite, limestone, serpentine and dolomite. Its main component is calcium carbonate, accounting for more than 50%. Others include magnesium carbonate, calcium oxide, manganese oxide and silicon dioxide. Since marble generally contains impurities, and calcium carbonate is affected by carbon dioxide, carbides, and water vapor in the atmosphere, it is also easily weathered and corroded.

The mineral composition of marble stone Simple and easy to process, most of them have fine texture and good mirror effect. Mostly used for interior decoration.

The disadvantage is that the texture is softer than granite, and it is easily damaged when hit by hard and heavy objects, and light-colored stone is easily contaminated.

Granite has a hard texture and is not easily weathered or deteriorated. It is mostly used for outdoor decoration.

Granite has no colored stripes, most of them only have colored spots, and some are solid colors. The finer the mineral particles, the better, indicating a tight and strong structure.

Give me one

Reference material: /question/7660772.html?si=2

18. Where to choose stone materials for indoor and outdoor decoration projects? Comprehensive consideration of several aspects

It is too profound to answer

Personally, I think from the following perspectives:

1. Part of use. Marble is mostly used indoors, and corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant granite is mostly used outdoors.

2. Cost. The price range of various stone materials is relatively large, so you need to consider other factors to choose the right one.

3. Design requirements. Whether it can meet the design requirements and achieve the design effect.

4. Environmental protection. Whether the radioactivity meets the needs of this project.

5. Quality. Whether the quality meets the standard.