Urgent~~~~~What are the greening maintenance standards in Haining City?

Greening maintenance standards

1. Contents of maintenance and management work in this standard: watering and drainage, fertilization, pruning, pest and disease control, soil loosening and weeding, replanting, straightening and support, appearance of green space , safe construction, etc.

1.1 The scope of application of this standard for maintenance management: park green space, road green space, residential green space, ancillary green space, protective green space, etc.

1.2 Description of special terms in this standard.

1.2.1 Greening maintenance management refers to all maintenance and management measures taken after the completion and acceptance of the greening project to make the garden green space neat and beautiful and the garden plants grow normally.

1.2.2 Color-block shrubs refer to colorful leaf plants or flowering shrubs planted in green spaces.

1.2.3 Styling shrubs refer to shrubs that are trimmed into specific shapes by pruning, bundling, etc.

1.2.4 Flowers are the general term for woody flowering plants and herbaceous flowering plants.

1.2.5 Grass flowers refers to the general term for potted grass flowers and ground planted flowers (including perennial flowers).

1.2.6 Flowering shrubs refer to flowering shrubs and small trees.

2. Intuitive standards for maintenance

2.1 Growth Trees grow vigorously.

2.2 The leaf color is normal, the leaves are large and plump, no yellow leaves, no scorched leaves, no rolled leaves, no fallen leaves, no obvious insect droppings, insect nets, number of leaves bitten by insects, each plant Below 10%.

2.3 Branches The trunk is straight and the inclination does not exceed 10 degrees. There are no tillers and buds at the base of the trunk. The branches are thick and there are no obvious dead branches or dead piles. There are basically no live eggs and live insects of stem-boring pests. There are basically no live insects and scale insects on the main and side branches.

2.4 The crown of the tree is complete and beautiful, the branch points are appropriate, the side branches are evenly distributed, the branches are appropriately dense, the inner bore is not messy, and it is light and transparent.

2.5 The height of branch points, tree height and crown width of street trees are basically the same. There are no two consecutive missing trees, and the height difference of five adjacent trees is less than 10%.

2.6 Flowering shrubs have a high flowering rate, luxuriant blooms, and no falling flowers or buds. The color-blocked shrubs have intact rows and rows, with a coverage of 100%. The color blocks are distinct and the lines are clear and smooth.

2.7 Hedges and shaped shrubs should have clear outlines, smooth surfaces, smooth surfaces, and no gaps, branches, or bundles exposed.

2.8 The vines have reasonable distribution, even coverage of branches and leaves, firm attachment, and a coverage of more than 85%.

2.9 Grass flowers grow vigorously, with luxuriant flowers and leaves, and no dead flowers or leaves. The flower bed is clean and beautiful, with flowers in all seasons, distinct layers, clear patterns, and appropriate color matching.

2.10 The lawn grows lushly, has normal leaf color, basically no bald spots, no grass layer, no weeds, no diseases and insect pests, has a coverage of more than 98%, and the stubble height is often maintained at 6-8cm.

3. Maintenance construction standards

3.1 Watering and drainage

3.1.1 Principles Watering should be based on different plant biological characteristics, tree age, season, and soil The degree of wetness and dryness is determined. Be timely, in the right amount, and don’t miss anything. Water thoroughly every time.

3.1.2 Watering years After planting, trees generally need continuous watering for 3 years and shrubs for 5 years. If the soil quality is poor, the trees are growing poorly or in drought years, the watering period should be extended.

3.1.3 Large trees are determined based on specific conditions and watering principles. For ground-planted perennial flowers, the soil must not be dry. Sprinkler irrigation should be turned on for no less than 30 minutes each time, subject to the absence of ground flow.

3.1.5 It should be carried out in the morning and evening during the high temperature season in summer, and in the afternoon in winter.

3.1.6 During the rainy season, attention should be paid to drainage and accumulated water should be discharged in a timely manner.

3.2 Fertilization

3.2.1 Principle In order to ensure the normal growth and development of garden plants, trees, flowers, lawns, etc. must be fertilized regularly. Fertilizer application should be based on specific circumstances such as plant species, tree age, site conditions, growth conditions, and fertilizer type.

3.2.2 Fertilization targets trees and shrubs within five years of planting; poorly growing trees; woody flowers; lawns and grass flowers.

3.2.3 Fertilization is divided into two categories: base fertilizer and top dressing. The base fertilizer is generally made of organic fertilizer and is carried out during the dormant period of the plant. The top dressing is generally made of chemical fertilizer or compound fertilizer during the plant growth period. Base fertilizer should be fully decomposed and mixed with fine soil in a certain proportion before application, and chemical fertilizers should be dissolved before application. Dry application of chemical fertilizers must be uniform and the dosage should be less but not too much. Water must be fully watered in time after application to avoid damage to roots and leaves.

3.2.4 Frequency of fertilization: Apply base fertilizer once a year and top-dressing fertilizer once for trees; Apply base fertilizer once a year and top-dressing fertilizer twice for shrubs; Apply base fertilizer once a year and top-dressing fertilizer twice a year for color-block shrubs and hedges; Apply base fertilizer twice a year and top-dressing four times for lawns; Apply basal fertilizer twice a year in conjunction with drilling, and apply top-dressing fertilizer no less than 9 times a year; mainly apply foliar fertilizer to grass flowers, once every half month.

3.2.5 Fertilization amount: Apply base fertilizer to trees (diameter below 10 cm) no less than 20 kg/plant? times, shrubs no less than 10 kg/plant? times, there are many colored shrubs and hedges At 0.5 kg/㎡ per plant, the lawn should be no less than 0.2 kg/㎡ per time. Top dressing is generally applied in a solution with a concentration of 0.5%-1%. The general dosage of dry fertilizer application is no more than 250 g/plant per time for trees, no more than 150 g/plant per time for shrubs, no more than 30 g/m2 per time for colored shrubs and hedges, and no more than 10 g/m2 per time for lawns.

3.2.6 When fertilizing trees and shrubs, fertilization trenches and holes should be dug so as not to damage or less damage the tree roots, and the depth should be no less than 30 centimeters.

3.3 Pruning

3.3.1 Principles Pruning should be based on tree species habits, design intentions, maintenance seasons, and landscape effects to achieve balanced tree vigor, regulated growth, graceful posture, and abundant flowers. Ye Mao's purpose.

3.3.2 Pruning includes techniques such as bud removal, tiller removal, bud picking, branch thinning, short cutting, shaping, and crown replacement.

3.3.3 Maintenance pruning is divided into two categories: conventional pruning and styling (plastic) pruning. Routine pruning is based on the basic requirement of maintaining the natural tree shape. According to the principle of "thinning more and cutting less", buds and tillers are peeled off in time, and the inner branches, overlapping branches, cross branches, drooping branches, rotten branches, To remove diseased and insect-infested branches, leggy branches, weak branches and damaged branches, keep the inner chamber ventilated and light-transmitting, and the crown of the tree plump. Shaping pruning uses cutting, sawing, bundling, tying and other methods to trim the crown into a specific shape to achieve a clear outline, smooth and smooth crown surface, no gaps, branches, and bundles exposed.

3.3.4 Generally, only conventional pruning is used for tree pruning. For trees whose main and side branches have not yet been finalized, short pruning technology can be used to form a three-level branch skeleton year by year. The branch points of garden shade trees should gradually increase as the trees grow, and the ratio of crown to trunk height should be between 7:3 and 6:4. The height of branch points, tree height, and crown width of street trees in the same road section should be basically the same. When there are overhead power lines above, branches that affect safety should be promptly cut off in accordance with the relevant regulations of the power department.

3.3.5 Shrubs are generally pruned to maintain their natural posture, and branches that are too dense are thinned out to keep the interior ventilated and light-transparent. For the aging main branches of cluster shrubs, the principle of "retaining the new and discarding the old" should be followed to cultivate the leggy branches or shorten the old branches in stages for renewal. Pruning of flowering shrubs and small trees should be based on the pattern of flower bud development. Newly blooming flowers and trees of the current year should be pruned in early spring before they sprout, and the flowering branches of the previous year should be shortened to promote the germination of new branches. Flowers and trees that form flower buds that year and bloom in early spring the following year should be moderately pruned after blooming, and old branches with low flowering rates should be renewed year by year. For flowers and trees blooming on perennial branches, the old branches should be maintained and cultivated, and the new branches should be pruned to close the density.

3.3.6 Hedges and shaped shrubs (including color-blocked shrubs) are generally pruned according to the shape pruning method, and pruned according to the specified shape and height. Each trimming should keep the shape outline clear and the surface smooth and smooth. When the new shoots grow more than 10cm after pruning, a second pruning should be performed. If the growth is too dense and affects ventilation and light transmission, the inner bore should be thinned out. When the growth height affects the landscape effect, intensive pruning should be carried out. Intensive pruning should be carried out during the dormant period.

3.3.7 Pruning of vines: The vines should be pruned regularly every year, and the vines should be trimmed every 2 to 3 years to thoroughly clean up the dead vines and straighten the distribution direction so that the leaf curtain is evenly distributed and of equal thickness.

3.3.8 When pruning grass flowers, it is necessary to master the growth and flowering habits of various flowers, and use methods such as tip pruning and topping to promote the growth of lateral buds and increase the number of flowering branches. It is necessary to constantly remove residual flowers, yellow leaves, and diseased and insect-infected leaves after blooming to enhance the ornamental effect of lush flowers and leaves.

3.3.9 Lawn mowing The lawn mowing height should be maintained at 6-8cm. When the grass height exceeds 12cm, it must be mowed. Mixed lawns should be mowed no less than 20 times/year, and zoysia grass should be mowed no less than 5 times/year.

3.3.10 Pruning time: Deciduous trees and shrubs are pruned during the dormant period in winter, and evergreen trees and shrubs are pruned during the growing period. Hedges, shaped shrubs, color-blocked shrubs, lawns, etc. are maintained in a timely manner according to maintenance requirements.

3.3.11 Trees should be pruned no less than once/year, shrubs no less than 2 times/year, hedges and shaped shrubs no less than 12 times/year, and color block shrubs no less than 8 times. /Year.

3.3.12 The pruning cuts or saw cuts should be smooth and smooth, and no splitting or short piles should be left.

3.3.13 Pruning should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of technical operating procedures, and special attention must be paid to safety.

3.4 Prevention and Control of Diseases and Pests

3.4.1 Principle: Comprehensively implement the policy of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control”. It is necessary to grasp the occurrence patterns of garden plant diseases and pests, and control them under the guidance of forecasts and forecasts. Take precautions against possible pests and diseases. Pests and diseases that have occurred must be treated promptly to prevent them from spreading and causing disasters. The incidence of pests and diseases should be controlled below 10%.

3.4.2 For drug control of pests and diseases, pesticide types, dosage forms, concentrations and application methods should be correctly selected according to different tree species, types of pests and diseases and specific environmental conditions, so that they can fully exert their efficacy without causing harmful effects. Produce phytotoxicity and reduce environmental pollution.

3.4.3 The spray should be in the form of mist, and should be sprayed evenly from the inside to the outside, from top to bottom, on the surface and back of the leaves, without leaving any gaps. Spraying should be carried out on a sunny day with no wind. Spraying should not be done on rainy or hot days at noon. When spraying, pay attention to pedestrian safety and avoid peak hours. There are food, fruits, fish ponds, etc. within the spraying range, which must be removed or covered before proceeding. Immediately clean the pesticide equipment after spraying, and do not pour any residual liquid.

3.4.4 For tall trees or stem-boring pests that are difficult to spray to the top with pesticides, trunk injection methods can be used to control them.

3.4.5 The timing of pesticide application should be grasped. It is most effective to apply pesticides during the hatching period or before the third instar of larvae for pests. For fungal diseases, pesticides should be applied during the spore germination period or the early stage of infection.

3.4.6 When digging out underground pests, the depth should be within 5 to 20cm, and the root system should not be damaged when approaching the roots of the tree. When manually scraping off scale insects and other insects on tree branches, be sure to clean them thoroughly without damaging the branches or the inner bark of the branches. When scraping off rotten diseases on tree branches, all affected parts must be cleaned, and the wounds must be disinfected and smeared Protective agent, scraped insect bodies and diseased bark should be collected and burned in time.

3.4.7 Pesticides must be properly stored. Pesticide applicators should pay attention to their own safety and must wear work clothes, work caps, goggles, masks, gloves and other protective equipment as required.

3.5 Loose soil and weeding

3.5.1 Loosen the soil in a timely manner when the soil is compacted. The appropriate depth of loosening is 5 to 10cm. The lawn should be loosened with a hole punch, no less than twice a year.

3.5.2 Weeding should be based on the principle of "weeding early, small, and small". Weeds should be removed at any time. Weeding must be done by rooting out the weeds. The green space should be basically free of weeds, and the purity of the lawn should reach more than 95%.

3.6 Replanting

3.6.1 Maintain the planting amount of green space plants, and replant missing plants and broken rows in a timely manner. Seedlings of the same variety and basically the same specifications should be used for replanting to ensure the landscape effect after replanting.

3.6.2 Bald spots on the lawn should be replenished as needed to ensure the coverage and density of the lawn. Different methods such as spot planting, sowing and laying can be used to replenish grass.

3.7 Support and straightening

3.7.1 Trees with an inclination of more than 10 degrees must be straightened. Deciduous trees must be straightened during the dormant period, and evergreen trees must be straightened before budding.

Before straightening, some branches should be thinned or cut short to ensure the survival of the straightened trees.

2.7.2 Newly planted trees and straightened trees should be supported. The supporting materials should be uniform in the same road section or area, and the supporting methods should be standardized and neat. The supporting point should be more than 1/2 of the height of the tree. The supporting material should be paved with soft material at the contact point between the supporting point and the trunk to avoid damaging the bark. A comprehensive inspection of the supports should be carried out before the rainy season every year, loose supports should be reinforced in time, and bundles that have dug into the bark of the tree should be removed in time.

3.8 Appearance of green space

3.8.1 Keep green space clean and beautiful at all times.

3.8.2 Clear and transport construction residues such as grass clippings, branches, dead trees, etc. in a timely manner, and the on-site storage time shall not exceed the day.

3.8.3 Frequently flush dust from the branches and leaves of trees to prevent clogging of stomata and affecting the landscape effect. Street trees are guaranteed to be flushed at least once a week from October 1st to April 1st of the following year.

3.9 Safe construction

3.9.1 The construction of each process of greening maintenance must be people-oriented, safe construction and civilized operation.

3.92 Safety equipment must be uniform during greening and maintenance construction of roads and residential areas, and warning words or warning signs for facility workers should be used to ensure the safety of construction workers and passers-by