On the Love Tragedy in Anna karenin

Anna karenine is not only a masterpiece of Russian great realist writer lev tolstoy, but also a masterpiece. Then let me lead you to talk about Anna karenin, a love tragedy, for reference only. I hope you like it.

abstract:

Anna karenine is a masterpiece of Russian great realist writer lev tolstoy. Anna, the heroine in the work, is a typical representative of Russian aristocratic women in the 1970s. He is also an immortal figure in Tolstoy's works. She pursues freedom and longs for love, and resolutely embarks on the road of rebellion for truly pure love. However, its bold move violated the social norms of the upper class, so it was severely hit. But the pursuit of love didn't make Anna really happy, and she finally went to the tragic road of destruction. Anna's love tragedy is related to her living in an upper-class society that can't tolerate love and marriage without love, to her equating love with love in life, and to her inner contradictions and conflicts. By analyzing the causes of Anna's love tragedy, we can further understand the Russian social reality in the 1960s and 1970s, and make a tentative discussion on Anna's love tragedy.

Keywords: Anna; Society; Marriage; love tragedy

First, the creative background of anna karenine.

Anna karenine is a famous novel by Russian great realist writer lev tolstoy. Lev tolstoy was born in Yasnaya Boliana, a noble manor not far from Tula, on August 28th, 1828. Tolstoy's mother is familiar with four foreign languages, attaches importance to children's cultural learning and strives to cultivate their fine character. After being taken care of by my aunt, I am gentle and kind, which has a great influence on my child's growth.

From 65438 to 0844, Tolstoy entered Kazan University. During this period, he read a lot of Rousseau's works and was deeply influenced by Rousseau's thought. Later, he joined the army, read a lot of books and wrote while fighting. From then on, he began his literary career. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Tolstoy was busy with agricultural reform, and his creative achievements were few. The 1960s and 1970s were the heyday of Tolstoy's creation. During this period, he wrote two great novels: War and Peace and anna karenine.

Anna karenine was written in 1970s (1873-1877). At that time, Russia was in a period of historical change, and ancient Russia was violently impacted by the wave of capitalism in Western Europe. "Everything is upside down, and everything has just begun to be established." It means that the old feudal aristocratic order has been subverted and the capitalist system has just begun to be established. In this historical period of the alternation of the old and the new, what attracts Tolstoy's attention most is the change of family and the fate of women. Family tragedies emerge one after another, and scenes unfold before his eyes, and the news that a woman committed suicide on the railroad track because of love issues particularly shocked and saddened him. When the author first conceived it, its theme was confined to the scope of morality, with the intention of condemning the heroine for violating moral standards. However, life inspired Tolstoy to think deeply about real life, put forward the reasons for the heroine's love tragedy, and pointed the criticism of the novel at the sinful society.

Anna's Tragedy Analysis

First, in the historical period of the alternation of the old and the new, the turbulent society, religion and ethics destroyed Anna's love and forced her to embark on the road of destruction.

Anna is a female representative who pursues freedom and personality liberation under the influence of traditional ideas in the19th century. At the end of 1970s, the social situation in Russia under the czar was turbulent, with internal troubles and foreign invasion, the feudal family relationship was on the verge of disintegration, and the morality of the upper class declined. The heroine Anna is a descendant of Petersburg royal family, kind, pure and beautiful. In that historical era when the old and the new alternate, the social thought, culture and moral life of the czar aristocrats were decadent, and foreign capitalism impacted the traditional feudal landlord economy, making the czar's rule more difficult and people's life more chaotic. Karenin, as the representative of upper-class social power, has long coveted Anna. She used all means to coerce her aunt and let Anna marry him. It is conceivable that women's power status was nothing under the influence of the feudal ethics of male supremacy at that time. Even a nobleman like anna karenine can't say no to his fate. The extravagant life of the upper class was pursued by karenin, and karenin was an orphan since childhood. As you can imagine, he suffered from supercilious eyes and contempt in the materialistic and money-oriented Russian upper class. He lacked affection since childhood and developed a withdrawn and stubborn character. Apart from speculation, I despise Anna. Anna has never felt the taste of love since she got married for more than ten years. Anna was born in a noble family and was surrounded by flowers since she was a child. She lived in a luxurious environment since childhood, lively, cheerful, elegant and charming. The birth of a famous lady has cast her romantic temperament, and she has a perceptual and otherworldly world in her heart. This difference in birth and life experience made her unable to understand her husband who was in a rigid system and intrigued officialdom. But being strangled by the coping of officialdom, karenin can't play love tricks as often as Anna imagined. Because of their different personalities, they are doomed to have different understandings of love and married life, which is also the root of their marital misfortune. Anna, as a lady in the19th century who wanted to break away from the shackles of traditional feelings, bravely challenged the upper class. She is tired of a loveless marriage. Her rebellious character made her uneasy to accept a comfortable but empty life and began to look for her own happiness. Although Anna, who is pure and kind, tries her best to pursue emotional freedom and personality liberation, traditional ideas still bind her thoughts. In Anna's mind, there is a prominent contradiction between pursuing personal happiness and observing aristocratic moral standards. She tried to get rid of the shackles of feudal marriage and enjoy life and love to the fullest. Therefore, on the one hand, Anna needs love and pursues it boldly, which leads to Anna's bold resistance; On the other hand, she believed in the moral standards of aristocratic society, which was recognized not only by the society, but also by herself. In the depths of her soul, these two internal contradictions are torturing her to death. Anna lives in a hypocritical aristocratic society, trying to get rid of the shackles and pursue "real human life." In her mind, a woman is not an object to be played with, not an ornament of a man's life, but a living person with feelings, ambition, personality and dignity.

Second, Anna's husband, karenin, tied Anna's feelings with his marriage and son, which made her suffer physically and mentally.

Since Anna met a handsome young man W Lenski on a trip, W Lenski fell in love with Anna at first sight, and they fell in love. But Anna's betrayal failed to escape her husband karenin's eyes. Anna decided to leave karenin to find her own love. However, the reality is often far from the ideal, and it will not be so smooth to get the desired result. However, karenin, who has no feelings, will never agree to Anna's divorce request. He can't accept a woman's naked betrayal of him, and he can't accept the pain that his wife was taken away by other men with such high social status, because public opinion makes him unable to calm his anger, and he will punish her and let her live in his shadow all her life.

In fact, in Anna and karenin's ten-year marriage, because of their different life pursuits, emotional cracks have already appeared, but at first they were not as obvious as later, and tears flowed so painfully. Karenin is just a bureaucratic machine, belonging to the system of Petersburg ruthless bureaucratic group. All he wants in life is power and status. In his view, the reason why he needs a family is not out of love, but because he is indispensable for such an ornament in his official career. He lives happily in the intrigue officialdom that he longed for since he was a child. Anna said, "He likes swimming in hypocrisy, just like a fish swimming in water." He is dealing with the intrigue of officialdom every day. Indeed, he is enthusiastic and positive about his work. In today's words, he is a workaholic, which makes him too busy to take care of Anna after marriage and his feelings are getting weaker and weaker. For anna karenine, karenin's love life is like a stagnant pool, which can't arouse any ripples. After eight years of marriage, Anna devoted all her feelings to her son, who was her whole life. She loves her son wholeheartedly and can't even leave him for a moment. For Anna, she was already a high-ranking official and rich woman that other women and girls dreamed of at that time, and she also accepted karenin's marriage arrangement which was 20 years apart from her. But she is a romantic woman with poetic temperament, honesty, courage, integrity and lofty personal dignity. She couldn't stand her original "hypocrisy and deception" life status quo. The meeting with W Lenski made her determined to bid farewell to her husband's past life. She said, "I know I can't deceive myself any more. I'm alive. It's not my fault. God gave birth to me. I want love, I want to live. " Karenin didn't care about this, even after knowing his wife's affair, he acted as cool as a cucumber. Because of feudal ethics and his social status, he didn't want to hinder his career because of family scandals, so he simply kept Anna's low profile after the affair, as long as she didn't receive W. Lenski at his manor. Karenin always thought that staying married was the best way to kill Anna, and at the same time, she could keep her reputation and dignity. But in fact, he can't ignore Anna's frequent dating with W. Lenski, and he can't get rid of humiliation, anger and pain. Anna was wrapped in W Lenski's ardent pursuit, and involuntarily became a prisoner of his feelings without resistance. Her nature and upbringing made her fall into complicated contradictions for the first time. She dare not think about what to do in the future, what to do in the future, and what will happen in the future. In fact, she had no choice. Her fate is entirely in the hands of her husband and lover. In desperation and anger, karenin finally gave in to marriage, but in his hands, he held another trump card to torture Anna-his son Seryosha. Karenin's ruthlessness put Anna in a dilemma. On the one hand, it is her son Seryosha, on the other hand, it is her lover W. Lenski. Motherly love and love are the most precious life rights of a woman. Karenin separated Anna's affection and love, and used them as a tool to harm Anna, so that she could taste endless pain.

Thirdly, Anna's lover, W Lenski, could not get away from the environment and society where she lived, and her feelings for Anna gradually faded, so the helpless Anna finally embarked on the road of death.

W Lenski is a constantly chauffeured Russian upper class standard. Before meeting Kitty and Anna, he had feelings with many women. W Lenski never had a real family life. He himself received education and grew up in the aristocratic military academy. When he graduated, he was a brilliant young officer and soon joined the circle of wealthy officers in Petersburg. Although he sometimes dabbles in the society of Petersburg, all his things happen outside the society. Anna, who has a strong desire for love, met "W. Lenski, a playboy of the upper class in Petersburg" at the station, and the fire of love finally broke out. Faced with the pressure of traditional decadent upper-class public opinion, Anna experienced a difficult ideological struggle, broke through many obstacles and bravely threw herself into the arms of W. Lenski. This shows Anna's courage and resistance to the old society. She feels hypocritical and ashamed of her present life. Karenin destroyed everything inside her. Anna said, "He never thought that I was a living woman who needed love." So she bravely pointed out her demands for freedom, love and independence, and then went to her lover, W Lenski, and they fell in love. But romantic and imaginative temperament determines that their love can't last long. Especially after Lenski's passion, what she got was not love, but emptiness. "Although her beauty attracted him more than before, it made him feel unhappy." W Lenski's pursuit of married women was not only not condemned at that time, but also a fashion behavior recognized by the upper class. On the contrary, Anna is not so lucky. She is ostracized by the upper class and bears a "bad name". At first, his mother appreciated W Lenski's affair with Anna very much. Because this kind of ambiguous relationship can add color to her son and improve his position in the upper class. But she never imagined that her son would take this seriously, which would ruin his bright future. What she really appreciates is just taking part in accidental amusement. Her idea is actually the universal value of the upper class. So, W Lenski and Anna are actually in a position of confrontation with the whole society. However, after the passion, W Lenski realized that love was not the whole of life under the interference of her mother and brother, but Edna, who was romantic by nature but loved love the most, could not extricate herself. W Lenski gradually snubbed Anna and lost the passion of the past. Because he could not see the future, his love for Anna became passive water, and his pleasure was satisfied and his passion faded. So W Lenski decided to go back to her own life, and the only support in Anna's life vanished. Anna sacrificed almost everything for love, but the result was disappointment and hatred. Anna tried to get rid of the "hypocrisy and deception" society through love, but W Lenski plunged her into another new and more hypocritical and deceptive situation. In his own way, he exposed the hypocrisy, selfishness and ruthlessness of the aristocratic bourgeoisie. This evil society was vividly displayed through him, and finally pushed Anna to the desperate situation of death.

Three conclusions

In a word, society, karenin and Vransky are the three main reasons for Anna's love tragedy. Anna's tragedy stems from the pursuit of sincere love, which is contrary to the hypocritical and decadent moral concept of the upper class: women are just decorations in men's lives and playthings for men's recreation. Men can pursue women to improve their status and prestige, while women are regarded as "villains" and are not ashamed of high society. This is a hypocritical and morally bankrupt feudal ethical code, but karenin is the representative of the feudal ethical code which occupies an important position. His cold and hypocritical character is incompatible with Anna, which doomed their marriage to be a tragedy. However, in that turbulent era, Anna's character of violating social ethics and pursuing freedom of love became an alternative, which completely destroyed the image of Anna from a noble family and replaced it with infinite social pressure. But she persisted, forgot all the pain and gave her son to the arms of W. Lenski. However, Lenski is only one of the representatives of the emerging capitalist ideological trend, and his fresh ideological trend is also infatuated with Anna in form, so their love is doomed to be short-lived. W lenski pursues a temporary romance and passion, but after the passion, he subconsciously realizes that this is fruitless love. He can't see the future in his present life, nor can he see the future. So Anna was abandoned again.

If Anna once made a terrible mistake in her relationship with karenin, now she has made a bigger mistake in her relationship with W Lenski. She overestimated W Lenski and expected too much. She thought he could take her away from the "hypocrisy and deception" society, but she was wrong. He brought her endless pain, contradiction and fear, far exceeding his desire and happiness. After his love disappeared, Anna was forced to a miserable corner. She accused all this: "all hypocrisy, all lies, all deception, all evil!" " Her death was a revolt against the dark society. Her pursuit of free love and sincere yearning and longing for her own personality liberation are all worth learning. Especially in today's era of pursuing individual liberation, this tragedy has given us profound and lasting enlightenment.

The author introduces:

Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (левниколаевичтолстой). His masterpieces include War and Peace, Anna karenin and Resurrection.

Tolstoy was born into a noble family, entered Kazan University in 1844, dropped out of school in 1847 and returned to his hometown, trying to reform serfdom in his own territory. 185 1 ~ 1854 served in the Caucasian army and began to write. 1854 ~ 1855 participated in the Crimean war. 1855165438+10 entered the literary world of Petersburg. When Tolstoy went abroad from 65438 to 0857, he saw many contradictions in capitalist society, but he couldn't find a way to eliminate social ugliness, so he had to appeal to people to live according to "eternal religious truth". 1860 ~ 186 1 year, Tolstoy went abroad again, met herzen, listened to Dickens' speech and met proudhon. Tolstoy wrote the historical novel War and Peace from 1863 to 1869. From 1873 to 1877, after 12 revisions, he completed his second landmark masterpiece Anna karenin. At the end of 1970s, Tolstoy's world outlook changed greatly and he wrote Confessions (1879- 1882). Creation in 1980s: drama The Power of Darkness (1886), Fruit of Education (189 1), novella The Devil (1889), Death of Ivan ilych (/kloc-). The short story after the dance (1903), especially the novel Resurrection written in 1889 ~ 1899, is the summary of his long-term thinking and artistic exploration.

Tolstoy tried to live a simple civilian life in his later years. 19 10 ran away from home in June, 165438 10 died at the station on October 7, at the age of 82.

Creative characteristics

Tolstoy thinks a lot about human nature in his novels, from which we can see the truest side of Tolstoy's spiritual world. Tolstoy's thinking on human nature was mainly inspired by the history and reality of Russia at that time: on the one hand, traditional Russia was a patriarchal society, and the Orthodox Church determined people's way of thinking and feeling, and Tolstoy was also deeply influenced by the Orthodox Church, whether his attitude was acceptance or reservation; On the other hand, the enlightenment spirit in Europe has also deeply influenced Russia, shaking the foundation of Russian traditional beliefs to a great extent, and the enlightenment spirit has also had a significant impact on Tolstoy, which makes Tolstoy doubt the basic teaching system of the Orthodox Church, and he will not think about faith like ordinary Christians. But Tolstoy didn't go to Europe for the enlightenment of individualism, so his thinking about human nature often drifted between the two, sometimes like a Christian and sometimes like a humanist.

There are utopian thoughts in Tolstoy's works, which are mainly manifested in resisting violence and slavery, opposing private ownership of land, opposing advocating capitalist material civilization and "evolution", demanding the pursuit of legal life obligations and reasonable living rules, returning to a healthy farming life, and establishing a "paradise" on earth full of brotherhood, equality, harmony and friendship through everyone's labor and moral practice.

refer to

[1] lev tolstoy: anna karenine, translated by Gao Huiqun and Shi, Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1998.

[2] lev tolstoy's intelligent translation of Anna karenin [M]. Nanjing: Yilin Publishing House, 1996.

[3] Guo's awakening and reflection on women's consciousness-a brief analysis of Anna's tragedy and its enlightenment to modern women.

[4] lev tolstoy. Anna karenin [M]. Yang Nan. Beijing Yanshan Publishing House, August 2002 1.

[5] "The Causes of Anna karenin's Tragedy" contains "Research on the History of Foreign Literature" No.4, 2000.

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