Among the world cultural heritages are my country's Forbidden City and the Great Wall. Do you know what others are there? What did you discover from this? Which of these civilizations has public value

Among the world cultural heritages are my country's Forbidden City and the Great Wall. Do you know what others are there? What did you discover from this? Which of these civilizations has public value?

World Heritage is a program supported by the United Nations and implemented by UNESCO for the purpose of preserving things of natural or cultural value to the world. World heritage can be divided into natural heritage, cultural heritage and dual cultural and natural heritage. There are currently 830 world heritage sites in the world, including 644 cultural heritage sites, 162 natural heritage sites, and 24 dual cultural and natural heritage sites. There are 138 member countries in total that have World Heritage properties.

The selection of world heritage sites is decided by voting and meeting of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, which was established in 1976. The purpose of selecting world heritage sites is to call on mankind to cherish, protect, save and value these unique attractions on earth.

World Heritage is not only an honor or a tourism brand, but also a solemn commitment to heritage protection. When a world heritage site is hit by natural or man-made disasters, it can receive assistance from all mankind to provide disaster relief and preserve its original remains.

As of the end of 2004, six conditions need to be met to be selected as a world cultural heritage, and four conditions need to be met to be selected as a world natural heritage. In 2005, these conditions were adjusted into one group. The nominated heritage must have "outstanding and universal value" and meet one of the following ten conditions to be included.

Cultural standards:

1. Masterpieces that represent the human creative spirit;

2. Through architecture or technology, monumental artworks, and urban planning Or landscape design, showing the exchange of important humanistic values ??over a period of time or in a cultural region;

3. Unique or at least very special representation of a cultural tradition or It is an existing or extinct civilization;

4. It prominently represents a certain type of architecture or technology, and shows one or several very important periods in human history;

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5. Prominently represent the traditional way of living, using land or sea in one or more cultures, or the interactive relationship between humans and the environment, especially when this relationship is irreversible When it appears to be very fragile under the changes;

6. Directly or clearly related to certain events of outstanding and universal value, realistic traditions, ideas, beliefs, cultural works or literary works. Connection (the committee believes that this criterion needs to be judged in harmony with other criteria);

Nature criterion:

7. Extreme nature with special natural beauty or aesthetic importance Phenomenon or area;

8. Prominently represents major stages in the history of the Earth, including biological records, ongoing geological processes that lead to terrain changes, or important geological or topographic features;

9. Prominently represent important and ongoing ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems and animal and plant communities;

10. Contains natural habitats most important for the conservation of biological diversity in situ, including those threatened species that are of universal value from a scientific or conservation perspective.

Useful links:

China World Heritage Network

wh.org/main.asp

UNESCO World Heritage Center ( Official website)

http://whc.unesco.org/

UNESCO World Heritage List (official website)

http://whc .unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31

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World Heritage in Asia and Oceania

38 countries in Asia and Oceania and their belongings Undecided Jerusalem has 216 world heritage sites (one of which is a transnational heritage), including 160 cultural heritage sites, 45 natural heritage sites, and 11 dual cultural and natural heritage sites.

In this list, c represents cultural heritage, n represents natural heritage, and nc represents dual heritage.

China (33 items)

24 cultural heritages, 5 natural heritages, and 4 dual heritages.

Mount Tai (nc, 1987)

The Great Wall (c, 1987)

Ming and Qing Royal Palaces (c, 1987, 2004): Beijing Forbidden City (1987) - Shenyang Forbidden City (2004)

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes (c, 1987)

Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and Terracotta Warriors (c, 1987)

Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site (c, 1987)

Huangshan (nc, 1990)

Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area (n, 1992)

Huanglong Scenic Area (n, 1992)

Wulingyuan Scenic Area (n, 1992)

Chengde Summer Resort and Eight Outer Temples (c, 1994)

< p>Qufu Confucius Temple, Confucius Forest and Confucius Mansion (c, 1994)

Wudang Mountain Ancient Building Group (c, 1994)

Lhasa Potala Palace Historical Building Group (c, 1994) c, 1994, 2000, 2001): Potala Palace (1994) - Jokhang Temple (2000) - Norbulingka (2001)

Lushan National Park (c, 1996 )

Mount Emei and Leshan Giant Buddha (nc, 1996)

Lijiang Ancient City (c, 1997)

Pingyao Ancient City (c, 1997)

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Suzhou Classical Gardens (c, 1997, 2000): Master of Nets Garden, Huanxiu Villa, Liuyuan Garden, Humble Administrator’s Garden (1997) - Canglang Pavilion, Lion Grove, Art Garden, Couple Garden, Tuisi Garden (2000)

Summer Palace (c, 1998)

Temple of Heaven (c, 1998)

Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area (nc, 1999 )

Dazu Rock Carvings (c, 1999)

Qingcheng Mountain and Dujiangyan (c, 2000)

Ancient villages in southern Anhui: Xidi, Hongcun (c , 2000)

Longmen Grottoes (c, 2000)

Royal tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (c, 2000, 2003, 2004): Mingming Tomb, Qing Dong Tomb, Tombs of Western Qing Dynasty (2000) - Xiaoling Tombs of Ming Dynasty, Ming Tombs (2003) - Three Tombs of Shengjing (2004)

Yungang Grottoes (c, 2001)

Yunnan Three Parallel Rivers Conservation Area (n, 2003)

Goguryeo Imperial City, Royal Tombs and Noble Tombs (c, 2004)

Macau Historic Center (c, 2005)

Sichuan Giant Panda Habitat (n, 2006)

Anyang Yin Ruins (c, 2006)

Afghanistan (2 items)

< p>2 cultural heritage items.

Minaret and archaeological site of Jam (c, 2002)

Cultural landscape and archaeological site of Bamiyan Valley (c, 2003)

Armenia (3 items)

3 cultural heritage items.

Haghpat Monastery and Sanakin Monastery (c, 1996, 2000)

Etchmiadzin Church and Zvartnots Archaeological Site (c, 2000) year)

Geghard Monastery and Upper Azat Valley (c, 2000)

Australia (16 items)

1 cultural heritage, 11 1 natural heritage and 4 dual heritages.

Kakadu National Park (nc, 1981, 1987, 1992)

Great Barrier Reef (n, 1981)

Willandra Lake District (nc, 1981)

Tasmanian Wilds (nc, 1982, 1989)

Lord Howe Islands (n, 1982)

< p>Eastern Australia Rainforest Reserve (n, 1986, 1994)

Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park (nc, 1987, 1994)

Queensland of tropical rainforest (n, 1988)

Shark Bay, Western Australia (n, 1991)

Finser Island (n, 1992)

Australian mammal fossil sites (n, 1994)

Heard Island and McDonald Islands (n, 1997)

Macquarie Island (n, 1997)< /p>

Greater Blue Mountains (n, 2000)

Purnuluru National Park (n, 2003)

Royal Exhibition Hall and Carlton Gardens (c , 2004)

Azerbaijan (1 item)

1 cultural heritage.

The ancient city of Baku and the Shirvan Palace and Maiden Tower in the city (c, 2000)

Bahrain (1 item)

1 cultural heritage item.

Bahrain Trading Port Archaeological Site (c, 2005)

Bangladesh (3 items)

2 cultural heritage items and 1 natural heritage item.

The city of ancient mosques in Bakarhad (c, 1985)

The remains of Buddhist temples in Baharpur (c, 1985)

Sundarbans (n, 1997)

Cambodia (1)

1 cultural heritage.

Angkor Monuments (c, 1992)

Cyprus (3 items)

3 cultural heritage items.

Paphos (c, 1980)

Painted churches in Troodos (c, 1985, 2001)

Joiro Cotiya (c, 1998)

North Korea (1 item)

1 cultural heritage.

Goguryeo Tombs (c, 2004)

Georgia (3 items)

3 cultural heritage items.

The ancient city of Mtskheta (c, 1994)

Bagrat Cathedral and Grat Monastery (c, 1994)

Upper Svanje Season (c, 1996)

India (26 items)

21 cultural heritages and 5 natural heritages.

Ajanta Caves (c, 1983)

Ellora Caves (c, 1983)

Agra Fort (c, 1983) )

Taj Mahal (c, 1983)

Konak Sun Temple (c, 1984)

Mahabalipuram Group of Monuments (c, 1984)

Gaziranga National Park (n, 1985)

Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (n, 1985)

Keoladeo National Park (n, 1985)

Churches and monasteries in Goa (c, 1986)

Kajuraho Monuments (c , 1986)

Hampi Monuments (c, 1986)

Fatehpur Sikri (c, 1986)

Patha Dhaka Group of Monuments (c, 1987)

Elephanta Caves (c, 1987)

Existing temples of the Chola Dynasty (c, 1987, 2004 ): Brihadeshwara Temple, Thanjavur (1987) - Konkaikondachouriswaram Temple, Eravadeswara Temple at Darasuram (2004) < /p>

Sundarbans National Park (n, 1987)

Nanda Devi National Park and Valley of Flowers National Park (n, 1988, 2005): Nanda Devi Mountains National Park (1988) - Valley of Flowers National Park (2005)

Buddhist monuments at Sanchi (c, 1989)

Humayun's Tomb in Delhi (c, 1993 Year)

Qutub Minar and surrounding buildings in Delhi (c, 1993)

Mountain railways in India (c, 1999, 2005): Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (1999) - Nilgiri Mountain Railway (2005)

Mahabodhi Temple in Bodh Gaya (c, 2002)

Bhimobakat Cave (c, 2003) )

Champan-Bavagadh Archaeological Park (c, 2004)

Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (c, 2004)

Indonesia (7 items)

3 cultural heritages and 4 natural heritages.

Borobudur Temple Complex (c, 1991)

Ujung Kulon National Park (n, 1991)

Komodo National Park (n , 1991)

Prambanan Temple Complex (c, 1991)

Sangilan Early Human Site (c, 1996)

Luo Lenz National Park (n, 1999)

Sumatra Tropical Rainforest (n, 2004)

Iran (8 items)

8 cultural heritage items.

Jogha Zambir (c, 1979)

Persepolis (c, 1979)

Imam Square in Isfahan (c, 1979)

Takht Suleiman (c, 2003)

Pasargadae (c, 2004)

The ancient city and cultural landscape of Bam (c, 2004)

Sultaniya (c, 2005)

Behistun (c, 2006)

< p>Iraq (2 items)

2 items of cultural heritage.

Hatra (c, 1985)

The ancient city of Assyria (c, 2003)

Israel (5 items)

5 cultural heritage items.

Masada (c, 2001)

The ancient city of Acre (c, 2001)

The White City of Tel Aviv (c, 2003)

The biblical monuments of Megiddo, Hazor and Beersheba (c, 2005)

The Spice Route – Cities in the Negev Desert (c, 2005)

Japan (13 items)

10 cultural heritages and 3 natural heritages.

Buddhist architecture in the Horyuji area (c, 1993)

Himeji Castle (c, 1993)

Yakushima (n, 1993)< /p>

Shirakami Mountain Range (n, 1993)

Historic sites of ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu) (c, 1994)

Shirakawa-go and Go Gassho-style village in Koyama (c, 1995)

Hiroshima Peace Monument (Atomic Bomb Dome) (c, 1996)

Itsukushima Shrine (c, 1996 )

Historic ruins of ancient Nara (c, 1998)

Shrines and temples of Nikko (c, 1999)

The royal castle ruins of Ryukyu Kingdom and Related ruins (c, 2000)

Holy sites and pilgrimage routes in the Kii Mountains (c, 2004)

Shiretoko Peninsula (n, 2005)

Jerusalem (1 item)

1 cultural heritage.

The ancient city of Jerusalem and its walls (c, 1981)

Note: Declared by Jordan

Jordan (3 items)

3 item of cultural heritage.

Petra (c, 1985)

Qusair Amra (c, 1985)

Umm Raisas (c, 2004)

Kazakhstan (2 items)

2 cultural heritage items.

The tomb of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi (c, 2003)

Petroglyphs from the archaeological landscape of Tamgri (c, 2004)

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Laos (2 items)

2 items of cultural heritage.

Luang Prabang Ancient City (c, 1995)

Champasak Cultural Landscape Area (c, 2001)

Lebanon (5 items)

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5 cultural heritage items.

Angel (c, 1984)

Baalbek (c, 1984)

Byblos (c, 1984)

Tair (c, 1984)

Sacred Valley and Sacred Forest (c, 1998)

Malaysia (2 entries)

2 a natural heritage.

Kinabalu Park (n, 2000)

Mulu National Park (n, 2000)

Mongolia (2 items)

1 cultural heritage and 1 natural heritage. (One of them is shared with the Russian Federation)

Uvbusu Basin (n, 2003) (shared with the Russian Federation)

Orkhon Canyon Cultural Landscape ( c, 2004)

Nepal (4 items)

2 cultural heritages and 2 natural heritages.

Sagarmatha National Park (n, 1979)

Kathmandu Valley (c, 1979)

Royal Chitwan National Park (n, 1984 Year)

Lumbini Garden, the birthplace of Buddha (c, 1997)

New Zealand (3 items)

2 natural heritage items, 1 item A double legacy.

Tongariro National Park (nc, 1990, 1993)

Te Wahipunamu, southwestern New Zealand (n, 1990)

New Zealand's Subantarctic Islands (n, 1998)

Oman (5 items)

4 cultural heritage items and 1 natural heritage item.

Bahla Fortress (c, 1987)

Archaeological sites of Butt, Hutm and Al Ain (c, 1988)

Arab Antelope Sanctuary (n, 1994)

Frankincense Trail (c, 2000)

Afraja Irrigation System (c, 2006)

Pakistan (6 items)

6 cultural heritage items.

Archaeological remains of Mohenjodaro (c, 1980)

Taxila (c, 1980)

Takht Bashi The Buddhist ruins of Lahore and the ruins of the nearby ancient city of Sarbakhlo (c, 1980)

The historical ruins of Thatta (c, 1981)

The ancient fort of Lahore and Shalimar Garden (c, 1981)

Rojedas Castle (c, 1997)

Philippines (5 items)

3 cultural items Heritage, 2 natural heritage sites.

Tubbataha Reefs Marine Park (n, 1993)

Baroque Church in the Philippines (c, 1993)

Cordillera, Philippines Rice terraces in the mountains (c, 1995)

Vigan Ancient City (c, 1999)

Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park (n, 1999)

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South Korea (7 items)

7 cultural heritage items.

Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple (c, 1995)

Haeinsa Temple and the 80,000 Tripitaka Storehouse (c, 1995)

Jongmyo Shrine (c, 1995)

Changdeokgung Palace Complex (c, 1997)

Suwon Hwaseong (c, 1997)

Gyeongju Historic Area (c, 2000)

Tomb sites in Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa (c, 2000)

Solomon Islands (1 item)

1 natural heritage.

East Rennell Island (n, 1998)

Sri Lanka (7 items)

6 cultural heritage items and 1 natural heritage item.

The holy city of Anuradhapura (c, 1982)

The ancient city of Polonnaruwa (c, 1982)

Sigiriya Ancient City (c, 1982)

Sinharaja Forest Reserve (n, 1988)

Holy City of Kandy (c, 1988)

The ancient city of Galle and its castle (c, 1988)

The Golden Temple of Dambulla (c, 1991)

Syria (5 items)

5 cultural heritage items.

The ancient city of Damascus (c, 1979)

The ancient city of Bosra (c, 1980)

The ruins of Palmyra (c, 1980)< /p>

The ancient city of Aleppo (c, 1986)

The Crusader Fortress and Salahuddin Castle in Karat (c, 2006)

Thailand ( 5 items)

3 items of cultural heritage and 2 items of natural heritage.

The ancient city of Sukhothai and adjacent ancient towns (c, 1991)

The ancient city of Ayutthaya and adjacent ancient towns (c, 1991)

Thong Yai— Hue Khaken Wildlife Sanctuary (n, 1991)

Ban Chiang Archaeological Site (c, 1992)

Don Payayan Mountain-Kauai Mountain Forest Reserve (n , 2005)

Turkey (9 items)

7 cultural heritage items and 2 dual heritage items.

Historic District of Istanbul (c, 1985)

Goreme National Park and Cappadocia Caves Ruins (nc, 1985)

Diff The Great Mosque and Hospital of Rii (c, 1985)

Khattushash (c, 1986)

Nemrut Dag (c, 1987)< /p>

Santhos-Leiden (c, 1988)

Hierapolis-Pamukkale (nc, 1988)

Sa Flambolu City (c, 1994)

Troy Archaeological Site (c, 1998)

Turkmen (2 items)

2 cultural heritage items .

Merv National Historical and Cultural Park (c, 1999)

Kunya-Urgench (c, 2005)

Uzbekistan ( 4 items)

4 items of cultural heritage.

Ichankara (c, 1990)

Historic Center of Bukhara (c, 1993)

Historic Center of Shahrisabz ( c, 2000)

Samarkand - the place where cultures meet (c, 2001)

Vietnam (5 items)

3 cultural heritage items, 2 natural heritage sites.

Hue Historical Buildings (c, 1993)

Halong Bay (n, 1994, 2000)

Hoi An Ancient Town (c, 1999 )

My Son Holy Land (c, 1999)

Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (n, 2003)

Yemen (3 items)< /p>

3 cultural heritage items.

The ancient city of Shibam (c, 1982)

The ancient city of Sana'a (c, 1986)

The ancient city of Zabid (c, 1993)