Are there any good new varieties of short-branch apples?

Yes, a new fuji variety Shenfu 6 with short branches.

1. It is best to choose tree rootstock. Short-branch varieties have high germination rate, weak branching ability and are prone to premature aging, which leads to small annual growth of new buds and decreased yield and quality. If dwarf rootstocks are used, the above phenomenon will be more serious. Therefore, when applying short-branch varieties, it is suggested to use Qiao Hua rootstock with strong growth potential and good resistance, and make use of the excellent root system of Qiao Hua rootstock to promote the tree development of short-branch varieties.

2. Choose fertile soil for construction and plant short-branch varieties in mountainous areas. In dry land or barren land, the crown is small, the growth of new buds is small, the branching ability is poor, and the tree potential is weak. After fruiting, the yield is low and unstable, and the fruit quality is poor. Therefore, when establishing short-branch varieties, we should plant them on fertile land as far as possible to promote the healthy growth of young trees, ensure early production and lay a good foundation for high and stable yield in the future. When building a garden, in mountainous areas, dry land or barren land, the tree holes should be replaced with soil and fertilizer first. In the young tree stage, it is suggested to expand the cave and fertilize it.

3. Ensure adequate supply of fertilizer and water. Short-branched varieties have many short branches, which easily turn into flowers. The fruit is very big, and it is easy to bear too much, which leads to the weak tree potential and affects the yield and quality. Adequate supply of fertilizer and water must be ensured.

4. Suitable for close planting with short branches and short branches. Fertile soil planting can be carried out according to the row spacing of 2~3m×4m, with 56 ~ 83 plants per mu; The planting spacing of 2m×3~ on thin soil is 4m, and 83-11plant is suitable for planting.

5. Strengthen planting management

(1) Young trees are the main push. In the young tree stage, we should give priority to "promotion" and let the branches grow freely. It is necessary to make use of the advantages of vertical growth of branches as soon as possible, make more branches, cut them lightly, basically do not thin them, and expand the crown and shape as soon as possible. Branching treatment is generally not adopted, and it is appropriate to branch after the branch length reaches or exceeds1.5m. In the first year of planting and the second year of pruning, the main crops are nourished, the new buds remain intact, the strong branches are promoted, the leaf area is accelerated, and the accumulation of photosynthetic products is increased, which lays the foundation for the improvement of basic yield and quality. In the third year of planting, flowers began to bloom, and the length reached the standard branches. The branches were treated to change the top advantage, disperse nutrition, promote the growth of strong short branches and lay the foundation for the results. Due to the shortage of short branches, long branches and nutrient accumulation, bud treatment should be carried out in the growing season to stimulate long branches to increase leaf area and increase the accumulation of photosynthetic products.

(2) Avoid canopy folding. Varieties with short branches have weak branching ability and should not branch too early. Before entering the fruiting period, the vertical growth advantage of branches can be used to promote the rapid formation of crown; After entering the fruiting period, the trees tend to be fragile and the opening angle should not be too large. Generally, the base angle is 60, the waist angle is 80 and the sharp angle is 70.

(3) Prevent trees from weakening.

First, strengthen fertilizer and water management. Short-branch varieties have higher requirements for fertilizer and water than ordinary varieties. In production, we should pay attention to adequate supply, promote the growth of branches, form sufficient leaf area, increase the storage nutrition of trees, promote the growth of trees and prevent small and old trees. We can choose "Woye apple wrapped in water-soluble fertilizer".

The second is to strictly control output. Short-branched varieties are easy to bloom, which often leads to excessive fruit. Too much fruit is the most direct cause of tree weakness. It is necessary to control the yield (the number of flower buds) and prevent the yield of trees in production, which requires careful pruning. The number of buds per mu should be controlled at1.5 ~ 20,000, and the inflorescences should be kept strictly at the spacing of about 25 cm. After the fruit is produced, the single fruit is taken out, and the mu number is controlled at 1.5 ~ 20000. Strictly thinning flowers and fruits, the yield per mu is controlled at about 3000 kg.

The third is a strong root and a healthy tree. In autumn, root system combined with ploughing can accelerate root regeneration, maintain vigorous growth of new roots and improve the absorption capacity of trees. Fourth, thinning flowers. When pruning, the flower buds within 30 cm of the branches should be removed to ensure the effective extension and extension of the branches. The fifth is to break the fetus and promote germination. Attention should be paid to promoting branch germination, expanding leaf area, increasing the accumulation of photosynthetic products, and improving the rate of big fruit. When pruning, puncture pruning can be used, and one flower bud is left every 5~7 flower buds, which will break the embryos of other flower buds, reduce the opening and nutrition of flower buds, promote the growth of short and medium branches, increase the leaf area and improve the fruit yield.

(4) Prevent the fruiting branches from aging. The branches of the fruit retract, stimulating new branches to replace the aging branches, maintaining the leafy fruits, and as a result, providing powerful backup branches. In strict accordance with the "three sets of branches" pruning method, fruiting branches, flowering branches and vegetative branches account for 1/3, and the three types of branches are transformed year by year to prevent fruit branches from aging. Improve the ability of short branch varieties.

(5) Control the number of branches. Too many branches will inevitably lead to the dispersion of nutrients, which is not conducive to the vigorous growth of trees. So we should strictly control the number of branches. The number of branches should be controlled between 60,000 and 70,000. The redundant branches should be properly removed. It is particularly important to note that too many big branches and aged branches should be removed after the fruit is produced.